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Mutation D614G increases SARS-CoV-2 transmission

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第4期6卷 1075-1076页

作者： Prerna Arora Stefan Pohlmann markus hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterGottingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GottingenGottingenGermany

It has been unclear why SARS-CoV-2 with a D614G mutation in the spike protein became dominant early in the COVID-19 pandemic.A recent study by Hou et *** in Science shows that D614G increases SARS-CoV-2 spread in cult... 详细信息

关键词： 4G D61 spread

Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant after heterologous and homologous BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第10期18卷 2455-2456页

作者： Swantje I.Hammerschmidt Berislav Bosnjak Günter Bernhardt Michaela Friedrichsen Inga Ravens Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka markus hoffmann Stefan Pöhlmann Georg M.N.Behrens Reinhold Förster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingenGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany German Center for Lung Research(DZL) HannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,divergent variants of concern(VoCs)of SARS-CoV-2 have evolved and become the most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants in distinct locations at different ***,the Delta variant(B.1.617.2)dominates infection events in large parts of the *** campaigns,however,still use SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on the spike(S)protein of the original Wuhan virus.

关键词： Delta homologous campaign

No evidence for increased cell entry or antibody evasion by Delta sublineage AY.4.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 449-452页

作者： Prerna Arora Amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Martin S.Winkler Martin Lier Sebastian Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck Stefan Pöhlmann markus hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have *** some variants spread only locally,others,referred to as variants of concern,disseminated globally and became drivers of the *** SARS-CoV-2 variants harbor mutations relative to the virus circulating early in the pandemic,and mutations in the viral spike(S)protein are considered of particular relevance since the S protein mediates host cell entry and constitutes the key target of the neutralizing antibody *** a consequence,mutations in the S protein may increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and enable its evasion of neutralizing ***,mutations in the S protein can modulate viral transmissibility and pathogenicity.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 AY.4.2 Delta Host cell entry Antibody evasion

Improving Winter Traction and Fuel Economy of Car Tires Using Naphthenic Tire Oils

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2018年第1期6卷 35-41页

作者： Mika Lahtinen Kamyar Alavi Patrik Salomonsson markus hoffmann Herbert Fruhmann NYNASO Y Ayritie 12B 01510 Vantaa Finland NYNASAB P.O. Box 10700 121 79 Stockholm Sweden

Naphthenic tire oils were used in winter tire tread compounding. Properties of compounds were compared with similar compounds made of other safe tire oils. Retreaded passenger car winter tires were prepared using the compounds. Traction and rolling resistance of the tires were determined in different weather *** was shown that naphthenie oils may lead to improvement of winter traction and rolling resistance without compromising other tire properties.

关键词： Naphthenic oil winter tire snow traction ice traction dynamic properties rolling resistance fuel economy.

Efficient antibody evasion but reduced ACE2 binding by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.640.2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第9期19卷 1067-1069页

作者： Prerna Arora Amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Sebastian Schulz Anne Cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka Martin S.Winkler Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann markus hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine(CiiM) HannoverGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGöttingenGeorg-August University of GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany

The SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)protein engages ACE2 for cell entry,and the S protein/ACE2 interface is an important target for neutralizing *** the course of the COVID-19 pandemic,SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged that harbor mutations in the S protein,which confer neutralization resistance and allow viral spread in immunologically nonnaive *** most prominent example is the highly mutated Omicron variant,which infects convalescent or vaccinated individuals with unprecedented efficiency[1,2].

关键词： ACE2 harbor neutral

Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 969-971页

作者： Inga Nehlmeier Amy Kempf Prerna Arora Anne Cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka Metodi V.Stankov Sebastian R.Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann markus hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) Feodor-Lynen-Straße 730625HannoverGermany

Despite previous circulation of the highly transmissible and antibody evasive BA.2.75, BQ.1, XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 lineages, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.16 has gradually increased in India in early 2023, resulting in XBB.1.16 being the dominating SARS-CoV-2 lineage in India today. Since a similar trend may also take place in other countries and information on the biological properties of the XBB.1.16 lineage is scarce, we conducted a rapid assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage with respect to its ability to enter cells and evade neutralisation by antibodies.

关键词： lineage neutral spite

Profound neutralization evasion and augmented host cell entry are hallmarks of the fast-spreading SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.5

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第4期20卷 419-422页

作者： markus hoffmann Prerna Arora Inga Nehlmeier Amy Kempf Anne Cossmann Sebastian R.Schulz Gema Morillas Ramos Luis A.Manthey Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077 GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073 GöttingenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054 ErlangenGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) FeodorLynen-Straße730625 HannoverGermany

Since late 2022, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV2 lineage XBB.1.5 has gradually increased in the United States,resulting in XBB.1.5 becoming the dominating SARS-CoV-2lineage in the United States and a similar trend is likely to soontake place also in European countries. However, information onthe virological properties of XBB.1.5 is scarce. Here, weconducted an initial virological assessment of the SARS-CoV-2XBB.1.5 lineage.

关键词： becoming likely lineage

Therapeutic ACPA inhibits NET formation: a potential therapy for neutrophil-mediated inflammatory diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1528-1544页

作者： Renato G.S.Chirivi Jos W.Gvan Rosmalen Maarten van der Linden Maximilien Euler Gonny Schmets Galina Bogatkevich Konstantinos Kambas Jonas Hahn Quinte Braster Oliver Soehnlein markus H.hoffmann Helmuth H.Gvan Es Jos M.H.Raats ModiQuest B.V. OssThe Netherlands Citryll B.V. OssThe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology and ImmunologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Laboratory of Molecular Hematology Democritus University of ThraceAlexandroupoliGreece Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention(IPEK) Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)is associated with disease severity and contributes to tissue injury,followed by severe organ *** or genetic inhibition of NET release reduces pathology in multiple inflammatory disease models,indicating that NETs are potential therapeutic ***,we demonstrate using a preclinical basket approach that our therapeutic anti-citrullinated protein antibody(tACPA)has broad therapeutic *** with tACPA prevents disease symptoms in various mouse models with plausible NET-mediated pathology,including inflammatory arthritis(IA),pulmonary fibrosis,inflammatory bowel disease and *** show that citrulline residues in the N-termini of histones 2A and 4 are specific targets for therapeutic intervention,whereas antibodies against other N-terminal post-translational histone modifications have no therapeutic *** citrullinated histones are generated during NET release,we investigated the ability of tACPA to inhibit NET *** suppressed NET release from human neutrophils triggered with physiologically relevant human disease-related ***,tACPA diminished NET release and potentially initiated NET uptake by macrophages in vivo,which was associated with reduced tissue damage in the joints of a chronic arthritis mouse model of *** our knowledge,we are the first to describe an antibody with NET-inhibiting properties and thereby propose tACPA as a drug candidate for NET-mediated inflammatory diseases,as it eliminates the noxious triggers that lead to continued inflammation and tissue damage in a multidimensional manner.

关键词： Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Autoimmunity Citrullination Therapeutic Antibody NET inhibition

Delta variant(B.1.617.2)sublineages do not show increased neutralization resistance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第11期18卷 2557-2559页

作者： Prerna Arora Amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Anzhalika Sidarovich Martin S.Winkler Sebastian Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck Metodi V.Stankov Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann markus hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterGöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants threatens efforts to control the COVID-19 *** present,the global spread of the Delta(B.1.617.2)variant is responsible for a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations in... 详细信息

关键词： Delta neutral resistance