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roles of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones in neuronal cell repair and regeneration

Neural regeneration research 2023年第4期18卷 769-772页

作者： Sandeep Satapathy mark r.wilson Blavatnik Institute of Cell Biology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Molecular Horizons and The School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience University of WollongongNorthfields AvenueWollongongNSWAustralia Illawarra Health and Medical research Institute Northfields AvenueWollongongNSWAustralia

Protein quality control involves many processes that jointly act to regulate the expression, localization, turnover, and degradation of proteins, and has been highlighted in recent studies as critical to the differentiation of stem cells during regeneration. The roles of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones in neuronal injury and disease are poorly understood. Extracellular chaperones are multifunctional proteins expressed by many cell types, including those of the nervous system, known to facilitate protein quality control processes. These molecules exert pleiotropic effects and have been implicated as playing important protective roles in a variety of stress conditions, including tissue damage, infections, and local tissue inflammation. This article aims to provide a critical review of what is currently known about the functions of extracellular chaperones in neuronal repair and regeneration and highlight future directions for this important research area. We review what is known of four constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones directly implicated in processes of neuronal damage and repair, including transthyretin, clusterin, α2-macroglobulin, and neuroserpin, and propose that investigation into the effects of these and other extracellular chaperones on neuronal repair and regeneration has the potential to yield valuable new therapies.

关键词： cell viability clusterin extracellular chaperones inflammation neuroserpin protein misfolding transthyretin α2-macroglobulin

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Speed of Thought and Speed of Feet:Examining Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise and Physical Performance in an English Football Academy

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 88-97页

作者： Adam L.Kelly mark r.wilson Daniel T.Jackson Jennifer Turnnidge Craig A.Williams Faculty of Health Education and Life SciencesBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Children’s Health and Exercise research Centre and the College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterSt Luke’s CampusHeavitree RoadExeter EX12LUDevonUK Exeter City Football Club ExeterDevonUK School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

The world's greatest professional football players are able to execute effective tactical decisions as well as fulfil various physical ***,the degree to which both are associated with greater potential in a football academy is ***,the aim of this study was to investigate decision-making skill and physical performance as contributing factors to coach potential rankings in an English football ***-eight outfield academy players(Foundation Development Phase[FDP]under-9 to under-11 n=40;Youth Development Phase[YDP]under-12 to under-16 n=58)participated in the *** engaged in 45 film-based simulations at two occlusion phases(e.g.,the visual display is cut-off at a precise time during an action),firstly"during"and secondly"post"execution,to examine decision-making *** also completed four fitness tests to examine physical performance.A classification of"higher-potentials"(top third)and"lower-potentials"(bottom third)were applied through coach *** t-tests compared the decision-making and physical performance ***-potentials made significantly more accurate decisions within the"post"phase within the FDP(Pring"phase within the YDP(Pr-potentials were significantly faster for the 0-30 m sprint in both the FDP and YDP(Pr-potentials within the YDP also significantly faster in the 0-10 m sprint(Pr in the countermovement jump(Preater football potential may be associated with superior perceptual-cognitive expertise and quicker sprint ability in both academy age phases,with a greater discriminatory function within the older cohort.

关键词： Decision-making Sprint ability Fitness testing Academy football Talent identification Talent development

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运动目标的视觉追踪：静眼研究进展与前瞻

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成都体育学院学报 2018年第6期44卷 110-115页

作者：孙国晓张力为 mark r.wilson 山东大学山东济南250061 北京体育大学心理学院北京100084 University of Exeter EX1 2LU

视觉注意和眼动追踪是近年来运动心理学研究的热点领域,其中静眼研究是前沿课题。文章首先介绍了静眼的界定和测量、静眼与运动表现的关系、静眼的作用机制、静眼训练等研究进展,指出了存在的问题和下一步的方向;讨论了值得重点关注的3... 详细信息

视觉注意和眼动追踪是近年来运动心理学研究的热点领域,其中静眼研究是前沿课题。文章首先介绍了静眼的界定和测量、静眼与运动表现的关系、静眼的作用机制、静眼训练等研究进展,指出了存在的问题和下一步的方向;讨论了值得重点关注的3个方向:静眼的机制,静眼与注意控制理论、挑战—威胁认知评价理论、自我控制的力量模型等相关理论的关系,以及静眼在医疗、航空、军事等非运动领域中的研究和应用。动作控制与视觉追踪密不可分,研究静眼问题有助于更深入了解动作发展的规律,帮助运动员高效掌握运动技能,并促进压力条件下的运动表现。运动领域中静眼研究的范式还能够为军事、医学等领域中的静眼研究及应用提供借鉴,有利于拓宽心理学的研究领域。

关键词：视觉注意眼动追踪静眼动作控制运动表现

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静眼训练如何促进移动目标任务运动表现? 外部注意焦点和动作预编程的解释

静眼训练如何促进移动目标任务运动表现? 外部注意焦点和动作预...

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第二十届全国心理学学术会议--心理学与国民心理健康

作者：孙国晓张力为 mark r.wilson 北京体育大学 University of Exeter

静眼指对特定区域一定视角范围内不少于100ms的最后注视时间或追踪时间,是近年来运动心理学研究的一个重要课题(Vickers, 2007)。前人研究发现,静眼训练促进运动表现,但移动目标任务中的效果有待检验,静眼训练如何促进运动表现也值得探... 详细信息

静眼指对特定区域一定视角范围内不少于100ms的最后注视时间或追踪时间,是近年来运动心理学研究的一个重要课题(Vickers, 2007)。前人研究发现,静眼训练促进运动表现,但移动目标任务中的效果有待检验,静眼训练如何促进运动表现也值得探讨。本实验在一项瞄准性移动目标任务中探讨以上问题。邀请87名大学生参与实验,将其随机分配到4种训练组(静眼训练、远端外部注意焦点训练、近端外部注意焦点训练、内部注意焦点训练),按照眼睛追踪目标、注意关注目标、关注球的轨迹、关注手臂动作的不同要求参加训练,测验流程为前测、训练阶段、保持性测试1、压力测试、保持性测试2。以各变量前测值作为协变量的重复测量协方差分析发现,在静眼时间和运动表现上,训练方法主效应不显著,但均存在趋势(ps .09)。多重比较发现,静眼训练组优于近端外部注意焦点训练组和内部注意焦点训练组,但与远端外部注意焦点训练组并无显著性差异,其他组之间也未发现显著性差异。这说明静眼训练发挥作用可能是因为其提供了远端外部注意焦点。本实验还发现,在静眼前期(关键动作开始前在目标上的追踪时间)上存在训练方法主效应(p=.002,η=.21),静眼训练组的静眼前期显著长于其他3组。考虑到静眼训练有优于远端外部注意焦点训练组的趋势(静眼训练组显著好于另外两组,而远端外部注意焦点训练组和另外两组之间无显著差异),这一结果提示静眼训练发挥作用还可能是因为促进了动作预编程过程,这支持了静眼训练的动作预编程解释。本实验还以Eysenck、Derakshan、Santos和Calvo(2007)的注意控制理论为依据,设置压力情境,比较静眼训练组和对照组在压力及非压力情境下的静眼时间和运动表现,检验静眼训练的自上而下目标导向注意控制解释,但未得到实验结果支持。总而言之,通过静眼训练延长静眼时间可提高移动目标任务的运动表现;静眼训练促进运动表现有两种解释:提供远端外部注意焦点和促进动作预编程过程。

关键词：静眼注意焦点动作预编程注意控制理论

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Thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in appropriate for gestational age ultra-low birth weight infants:need for more evidence

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 643-652页

作者： Umesh Mishra Deanne August Karen Walker Pranav r.Jani mark Tracy Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydneyAustralia Department of Neonatology Westmead HospitalWestmeadNSWAustralia Grantley Stable Neonatal Unit Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Newborn Care Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownAustralia

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighing<500 g at birth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dy... 详细信息

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighingrth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dying or developing major *** infants face challenges related to fluid and heat loss as well as skin injury in the initial days of life from extreme anatomical and physiological immaturity of the *** there is an emerging literature on the outcomes of ULBW infants,there is a paucity of evidence to inform practice guidelines for delivering optimal care to this cohort of *** sources A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and Embase *** keywords included“thermoregulation or body temperature regulation”,“incubator humidity”,“skin care”,“infant,extremely low birth weight”and“ultra-low birth weight infants”.results Evidences for thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices are available for preterm infants weighingrth but not specifically for ULBW *** on thermoregulation,incubator humidity,or skincare practices had a small sample size and did not include a sub-group analysis for ULBW *** practice recommendations in ULBW infants are adopted from research in very and/or extremely low birth weight *** This narrative review focuses on challenges in thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in ULBW infants,highlights current research gaps and suggests potential developments for informing practices for improving health outcomes in ULBW infants.

关键词： Incubator humidity Neonatal intensive care unit Skincare Thermoregulation Ultra-low birth weight

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Past, present, and future directions

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 129-138页

作者： Sudha Kodali Ashton A Connor Souhail Thabet Elizabeth W Brombosz r mark Ghobrial Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA JC Walter Jr Transplant Center Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Surgery Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA School of Medicine New Giza UniversityGizaEgypt

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a rare biliary tract cancer with high mortality *** resection of the iCCA lesion is the first choice of treatment,with good prognosis after margin-negative ***,only 12%-40% of patients are eligible for resection at presentation due to cirrhosis,portal hypertension,or large tumor *** transplantation(LT)offers margin-negative iCCA extirpation for patients with unresectable ***,iCCA was a contraindication for LT until size-based selection criteria were introduced to identify patients with satisfied post-LT *** studies have shown that tumor biology-based selection can yield high post-LT survival in patients with locally advanced *** selection criterion is the tumor response to neoadjuvant *** with response to neoadjuvant therapy have better outcomes after LT compared with those without tumor response to neoadjuvant *** index that helps predict the treatment outcome is the *** survival outcomes have also opened the door for living donor LT for *** undergoing LT for iCCA now have statistically similar survival rates as patients undergoing *** combination of surgery and locoregional and systemic therapies improves the prognosis of iCCA patients.

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Hepatectomy Transplant oncology Liver neoplasm

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Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 15-23页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen Sarah r Murray mark W J Strachan Metabolic Unit Western General HospitalEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom MrC Centre for reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex,with significant implications for both maternal and fetal *** these,maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical *** subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy,diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant *** MODY(GCK-MODY)typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy,but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes *** glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing *** pregnancy,the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha(HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available *** of other rarer MODY subtypes is individu-alized,with decisions made on a case-by-case ***,a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the compre-hensive management of MODY pregnancies.

关键词： Diabetes Pregnancy Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Insulin Sulphonylurea Glucokinase Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta,and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha

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Design Improvements and Validation of a Novel Fully 3D Printed Analogue Lumbar Spine Motion Segment

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1388-1396页

作者： Siril Teja Dukkipati mark Driscoll Musculoskeletal Biomechanics research Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringMcGill University845 Sherbrooke St.W(163)MontréalQCH3A 0C3Canada Orthopaedic research Lab Montreal General Hospital1650 Cedar Ave(LS1.409)MontréalQCH3G 1A4Canada

Spine biomechanical testing methods in the past few decades have not evolved beyond employing either cadaveric studies or finite element modeling ***,both these approaches may have inherent cost and time *** studies are the present gold standard for spinal implant design and regulatory approval,but they introduce significant variability in measurements across patients,often requiring large sample *** element modeling demands considerable expertise and can be computationally expensive when complex geometry and material nonlinearity are *** analogue spine models could complement these traditional methods as a low-cost and high-fidelity alternative.A fully 3D printable L-S1 analogue spine model with ligaments is developed and validated in this *** stiffness of the model under pure bending loading in flexion-extension,Lateral Bending(LB)and Axial rotation(Ar)is evaluated and compared against historical ex vivo and in silico ***,the effect of interspinous,intertransverse ligaments and the Thoracolumbar Fascia(TLF)on spinal stiffness is evaluated by systematic construction of the *** flexion,model range of Motion(rOM)was 12.92±0.11°(ex vivo:16.58°,in silico:12.96°)at *** LB,average rOM was 13.67±0.12°at 7.5 Nm(ex vivo:15.21±1.89°,in silico:15.49±0.23°).Similarly,in Ar,average rOM was 17.69±2.12°at 7.5Nm(ex vivo:14.12±0.31°,in silico:15.91±0.28°).The addition of interspinous and intertransverse ligaments increased both flexion and LB stiffnesses by approximately 5%.Addition of TLF showed increase in flexion and Ar stiffnesses by 29%and 24%,*** novel model can reproduce physiological rOMs with high repeatability and could be a useful open-source tool in spine biomechanics.

关键词： Lumbar spine 3D printing Intervertebral disc Biomechanical testing Spine mechanics

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A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 225-237页

作者： William Macalester Asme Boussahel rafael O.Moreno-Tortolero mark r.Shannon Nicola West Darryl Hill Adam Perriman School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBristolUnited Kingdom Centre for Protolife research School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantocks CloseBristolUnited Kingdom Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom Periodontology Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolLower Maudlin StreetBristolUnited Kingdom

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral ***,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment ***,we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel *** demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate *** findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.

关键词： interface den surface

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The Wave Front Set Correspondence for Dual Pairs with One Member Compact

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 823-869页

作者： mark MCKEE Angela PASQUALE Tomasz PrZEBINDA Hammond Lane ProvidenceUT 84332USA Universite de Lorraine CNRSIECLF-57000 MetzFrance Department of Mathematics University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Let W be a real symplectic space and(G,G')an irreducible dual pair in Sp(W),in the sense of Howe,with G *** G be the preimage of G in the metaplectic group Sp(W).Given an irreducible unitary representation II of G that occurs in the restriction of the Weil representation to G,let On denote its *** prove that,for a suitable embedding T of Sp(W)in the space of tempered distributions on W,the distribution T(On)admits an asymptotic limit,and the limit is a nilpotent orbital *** an application,we compute the wave front set of II',the representation of G dual to II,by elementary means.

关键词： reductive dual pairs Howe duality Weil representation wave front set orbital integrals

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