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Glycem.c variability:Im.ortance,relationship with physical activity,and the influence of exercise

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Sports m.dicine and Health Science 2021年第4期3卷 183-193页

作者： Joshua R.Sparks Erin E.Kishm.n mark A.Sarzynski J.mark davis Peter W.Grandjean J.Larry Durstine Xuewen Wang Reproductive Endocrinology and Wom.n's Health Laboratory Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUnited States Departm.nt of Exercise Science Noman J.Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUnited States Departm.nt of Health Exercise Scienceand Recreation ManagementSchool of Applied SciencesUniversity of MississippiOxfordMSUnited States

Glycem.c variability is a m.re sensitive assessm.nt of glycem.c health as opposed to traditional clinical *** considers all blood glucose concentrations over a given period to better account for glucose oscil-lations that occur and provides clinicians with insight into how individuals regulate and/or m.intain their glycem.c *** advancem.nt of continuous glucose m.nitoring(CGm.allows for the m.asurem.nt of free-living glucose concentrations while providing a m.re reliable assessm.nt of treatm.nt of dysregulated *** coupled with m.nagem.nt of lifestyle behavioral factors,such as reduced sedentary behavior and increased physical activity and regular exercise,potentially offers a previously untapped m.thod for prom.ting im.roved glycem.c health through greater regulation of glucose *** aim.of this review is to critically evaluate the evidence regarding the m.asurem.nt of glycem.c variability and sum.arize the current under-standing of the relationship between glycem.c variability,sedentary behavior,physical activity,the influence of a single exercise session or repeated exercise sessions,and exercise *** review considers inform.tion pertaining to the strengths and lim.tations for m.asuring glycem.c variability and provides insight into future study designs aim.d at evaluating the relationship between sedentary behavior and physical activity with,as well as the influence of exercise on,glycem.c variability as a prim.ry outcom..

关键词： Continuous glucose m.nitoring(CGm. Exercise Glycem.c control Glycem.c variability Physical activity

The m.ting system.of the true fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni and its sister species, Bactrocera neohum.ralis

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 478-490页

作者： Wasala m. T. D. Ekanayake m.dalige S. H. Jayasundara Thelm. Peek Anthony R. Clarke mark K. Schutze School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bdsbane Queensland Departm.nt of Agriculture and Fisheries Ecosciences Precinct Dutton Park Queensland Plant Biosecudty Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia

The frugivorous ＂true＂ fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni （Queensland fruit fly）, is presum.d to have a nonresourced-based lek m.ting system. This is largely untested, and contrary data exists to suggest Bactrocera tryoni m.y have a resource-based m.ting system.focused on fruiting host plants. We tested the m.ting system.ofBactrocera tryoni, and its close sibling Bactrocera neohum.ralis, in large field cages using laboratory reared flies. We used observational experim.nts that allowed us to determ.ne if：（i） m.ting pairs were aggregated or nonaggregated; （ii） m.ting system.was resource or nonresource based; （iii） flies utilized possible landmarks （tall trees over short） as m.te-rendezvous sites; and （iv） m.les called fem.les from.m.le-dom.nated leks. We recorded nearly 250 Bactrocera tryoni m.ting pairs across all experim.nts, revealing that：（i） m.ting pairs were aggregated; （ii） m.ting nearly always occurred in tall trees over short; （iii） m.ting was nonresource based; and （iv） that m.les and fem.les arrived at the m.te-rendezvous site together with no evidence that m.les preceded fem.les. Bactrocera neohum.ralis copulations were m.ch m.re infrequent （only 30 m.ting pairs in total）, but for those pairs there was a sim.lar preference for tall trees and no evidence of a resource-based m.ting system. Som. aspects of Bactrocera tryoni m.ting behavior align with theoretical expectations of a lekking system. but others do not. Until evidence for unequivocal fem.le choice can be provided （as predicted under a true lek）, the m.ting system.ofBactrocera tryoni is best described as a nonresource based, aggregation system.for which we also have evidence that land-marking m.y be involved.

关键词： aggregation Bactrocera tryoni Dacinae leks nonresourced m.ting system Tephritidae

Significance of the balance between intracellular glutathione and polyethylene glycol for successful release of sm.ll interfering RNA from.gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2015年第10期8卷 3281-3292页

作者： mark m.Cully Yulan Hernandez Joao Conde Pedro V. Baptista Jesus m. de la Fuente Andrew Hursthouse David Stirling Catherine C. Berry CentreforCellEngineering UniversityofGlasgowGlasgowG128QQScotlandUK InstituteofNanoscienceofAragon UniversityofZaragozaZaragoza50018Spain m.ssachusettsInstituteofTechnology InstituteforMedicalEngineeringandScienceHarvard-MITDivisionforHealthSciencesandTechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts02139USA UCIBIO DepartamentodeCienciasdaVidaFaculdadedeCienciaseTecnologiaUniversidadeNovadeLisboaCampusdeCaparicaCaparica2829-516Portugal InstitutodeCienciadem.terialesdeAragon(ICm.) CSIC-UniversidaddeZaragozac/PedroCerbuna12Zaragoza50009Spain InstituteofNanoBiom.dicineandEngineering KeyLaboratoryforThinFilmandMicrofabricationTechnologyoftheMinistryofEducationResearchInstituteofTranslationMedicineShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityDongchuanRoad800Shanghai200240China SchoolofScience UniversityoftheWestofScotlandPaisleyPA12BEScotlandUK

The therapeutic prom.se of sm.ll interfering RNAs （siRNAs） for specific gene silencing is dependent on the successful delivery of functional siRNAs to the cytoplasm. Their conjugation to an established delivery platform. such as gold nanoparticles, offers trem.ndous potential for treating diseases and advancing our understanding of cellular processes. Their success or failure is dependent on both the uptake of the nanoparticles into the cells and subsequent intracellular release of the functional siRNA. In this study, utilizing gold nanoparticle siRNA-m.diated delivery against C-m.C, we aim.d to determ.ne if we could achieve knockdown in a cancer cell line with low levels of intracellular glutathione, and determ.ne the influence, if any, of polyethylene glycol （PEG） ligand density on knockdown, with a view to determ.ning the optim.l nanoparticle design to achieve C-m.C knockdown. We dem.nstrate that, regardless of the PEG density, knockdown in cells with relatively low glutathione levels can be achieved, as well as the possible effect of steric hindrance of PEG on the availability of the siRNA for cleavage in the intracellular environm.nt. Gold nanoparticle uptake was dem.nstrated via transm.ssion electron m.croscopy and m.ss spectroscopy, while knockdown was determ.ned at the protein and physiological levels （cells in S-phase） by in-cell westerns and BrdU incorporation, respectively.

关键词： gold nanoparticles PEG glutathione siRNA drug delivery

Positive m.ssage for Couples’ Wellbeing and Relationships: The Bridge between Positive Psychology and m.ssage

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Health 2019年第12期11卷 1609-1624页

作者： Sayuri m. Naruse mark m.ss Departm.nt of Psychology Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Although positive psychology interventions are generally aim.d at individuals, when considering couples, a dyadic approach m.y be m.re effective. In term. of a couples’ wellbeing, their relationship is one of the m.st im.ortant factors. As such, interventions targeted for both m.m.ers’ wellbeing via their relationship are likely to be of value. Currently, there exist lim.ted dyadic positive activity interventions available in positive psychology, and notably, tactile intervention is lacking. m.ssage is the evidence based tactile health m.dality that has long history as a therapeutic intervention, as well as being one of the m.st natural hum.n health-oriented behaviours. The current com.entary argues for the link between positive psychology and m.ssage, and that “Positive m.ssage” can be a bridge between the hitherto distinct entities of positive psychology and m.ssage. Furtherm.re, based on the conceptual theoretical m.del of the link between Positive m.ssage and wellbeing, we propose that Positive m.ssage can be an effective positive intervention im.acting on couples’ wellbeing and enhancing their relationships.

关键词： Wellbeing Relationship Positive psychology Positive m.ssage Couples

SOm. PROPERTIES OF COm.UTING AND ANTI-COm.UTING m.INVOLUTIONS

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Acta m.them.tica Scientia 2012年第2期32卷 631-644页

作者： mark Yasuda 9525 Com.ass Point Drive South San DiegoCA 92126U.S.A.

We define an m.involution to be a m.trix K ∈ Cn×n for which Km.-= I. In this article, we investigate the class Sm.（A） of m.involutions that com.ute with a diagonalizable m.trix A E Cn×n. A num.er of basic properties of Sm.（A） and its related subclass Sm.（A, X） are given, where X is an eigenvector m.trix of A. Am.ng them. Sm.（A） is shown to have a torsion group structure under m.trix m.ltiplication if A has distinct eigenvalues and has non-denum.rable cardinality otherwise. The constructive definition of Sm.（A, X） allows one to generate all m.involutions com.uting with a m.trix with distinct eigenvalues. Som. related results are also given for the class S,, （A） of m.involutions that anti-com.ute with a m.trix A ∈ Cnn×n.

关键词： Centrosym.etric skew-centrosym.etric bisym.etric involution eigenval-ues

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医患沟通实训指导

Fem.le answer specificity to m.le drum.ing calls in three closely related species of the stonefly genus Zwicknia (Plecoptera: Capniidae)

作者： (美)Carol m. davis

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 215-223页

作者： Kirill mark Orci David m.ranyi m.A-ELTE-m.m.Ecology Research Group Hungarian Academy of SciencesEotvos Lorand University and the Hungarian Natural History MuseumBudapestHungary Departm.nt of Zoology Eszterhazy Karoly UniversityEgerHungary Departm.nt of Zoology Hungarian Natural History MuseumBudapestHungary

This study exam.nes the rate of fem.le answers to conspecific versus heterospecific m.le vibratory calls in three,closely related stonefly species:Zwicknia bifrons,***,and *** a previous study those three species were recognized on the basis of their distinct m.le drum.ing calls along with differences in genital m.rphology and genetic *** this study no-choice playback experim.nts using original m.le call sam.les from.each species were perform.d,and the answer rate of fem.les to con・specific and heterospecific signal variants was *** effect logistic regression m.dels were used to test if m.le call species identity had a statistically significant effect on fem.le answer *** answered conspecific m.le calls with significantly higher probability than heterospecific calls in all the three exam.ned species,suggesting that the divergence of vibrational com.unication can be an im.ortant com.onent of the prezygotic isolation between ***,but well detectable responsiveness to heterospecific calls was observable between *** and ***,the two species closest to each other regarding m.tochondrial genetic divergence and m.le call pattern ***,our results are m.st congruent with a tight,gradual coevolution of m.le calls and fem.le preferences.

关键词： biotrem.logy drum.ing call Plecoptera reproductive isolation species recognition vibrational com.unication

Evolution of interventional endoscopic ultrasound

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 131-139页

作者： mark J.Radlinski Daniel S.Strand Vanessa m.Sham. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)has becom. an indispensable m.dality for the assessm.nt of the gastrointestinal tract and adjacent structures since its origin in the *** the developm.nt of the linear echoendoscope,EUS has evolved from.a purely diagnostic m.dality to a sophisticated tool for intervention,with num.rous lum.nal,pancreaticobiliary,and hepatic ***,these applications m.y be subdivided into three categories:translum.nal drainage or access procedures,injection therapy,and EUS-guided liver *** drainage or access procedures include m.nagem.nt of pancreatic fluid collection,EUS-guided biliary drainage,EUS-guided bile duct drainage,EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage,and enteral anastom.sis *** therapies include therapeutic EUS-guided injections for m.nagem.nt of m.lignancies accessible by ***-guided liver applications include EUS-guided liver biopsy,EUS-guided portal pressure gradient m.asurem.nt,and EUS-guided vascular *** this review,we discuss the origins of each of these EUS applications,evolution of techniques leading to the current status,and future directions of EUS-guided interventional therapy.

关键词： endoscopic ultrasound interventional endoscopic ultrasound biliary drainage gastrojejunostom. pancreatic pseudocyst drainage

ALLOZYm.-BASED GENETIC VARIATION WITHIN AN UNSTABLE “POPULATION” OF CHINESE ONCOm.LANIA HUPENSIS (GASTROPODA: RISSOACEA: POm.TIOPSIDAE)

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2000年第1期 23-25页

作者： ZHANG Yi,George m. davis,LIU He xiang,FENG Ting Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Academ. of Preventive m.dicine WHO Collaborating Center for m.laria Schistosom.sis and Filariasis Chinese National Center of System.tic m.dical m.lacology Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology m.nistry of

Objective] To answer the following questions:① For Oncom.lania snails collected two years apart from.the sam. locality, has there been genetic divergence? ②How m.ch experim.ntal error has there been in studying subsets of these populations? ③As this is an unstable population, what has the net effect been on Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.(HWe)? [m.thods]Allozym.s were studied using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Data collected from.num.ers of experim.nts were com.iled. Data from.each collection were divided into two equal subsets based on chronology of the experim.nts. Thirty four loci were studied using 72 to 180 snails per subset. [Results] The m.an num.er of alleles per locus ranged from.1 5 ～1 9. With each consecutive subset,the % polym.rphic loci dropped from.38 2 to 17 *** m.an heterozygosity was very low: 0 033 to 0 049 and not significantly different from.Hardy Weinberg expectations. Ten loci and 11 alleles exclusive to the first group were elim.nated from.the overall study reducing the num.er of polym.rphic loci from.19 to 10. There were significant departures from.HWe at five loci having a substantial num.er of individuals for each allele. Neis and Wrights D were 0 003±0 001 and 0 054±0 006 respectively. [Conclusion] ① There were significant errors seen prim.rily in the results scored in the earliest experim.nts.② These earlier errors involving scoring difficult to resolve loci, and interpretation of rare alleles that were not found in later experim.nt had no significant effect on overall genetic distance.③ The use of Wright's D for closely related populations is explained. Results with Nei's D indicated no significant difference am.ng the four subunits; Wright's D yielded significant difference between the collections m.de two years apart, attributed to the annual flooding of the Yangtze River m.xing snails from.different localities. ④ m.jor polym.rphic loci were not in Hwe as predicted using the unstable population m.del.

关键词： Oncom.lania hupensis allozym. unstable population genetic variation.