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Clinical significance of main pancreatic duct dilation on computed tomography: Single and double duct dilation

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第11期13卷 1701-1705页

作者： mark d Edge Maarouf Hoteit Amil P Patel Xiaoping Wang deborah A Baumgarten Qiang Cai division of digestive diseases Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 United States department of Radiology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 United States

AIM: To study the patients with main pancreatic duct dilation on computed tomography (CT) and thereby to provide the predictive criteria to identify patients at high risk of significant diseases, such as pancreatic cancer, and to avoid unnecessary work up for patients at low risk of such diseases. METHOdS: Patients with dilation of the main pancreatic duct on CT at Emory University Hospital in 2002 were identified by computer search. Clinical course and ultimate diagnosis were obtained in all the identified patients by abstraction of their computer database records. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were identified in this study. Chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer were the most common causes of the main pancreatic duct dilation on CT. Although the majority of patients with isolated dilation of the main pancreatic duct (single duct dilation) had chronic pancreatitis, one-third of patients with single duct dilation but without chronic pancreatitis had pancreatic malignancies, whereas most of patients with concomitant biliary duct dilation (double duct dilation) had pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION: Patients with pancreatic double duct dilation need extensive work up and careful followup since a majority of these patients are ultimately diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Patients with single duct dilation, especially such patients without any evidence of chronic pancreatitis, also need careful follow-up since the possibility of pancreatic malignancy, including adenocarcinoma and intraductal papillary mucinous tumors, is still high.

关键词： Pancreatic duct Common bile duct Intrahepatic duct Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer

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Species Account of Anura ns from the Western Slope of Mt. Kita nglad, Mindanao Island, Philippines

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第1期12卷 76-87页

作者： Elsa May delima BARON mark Oliver d.MARIN Benjo A.LOGRAMONTE Alma B.MOHAGAN Biology Natural Sciencesand Math Division.Arts and Sciences DepartmentSan Pedro CollegeDavao City 8000MindanaoPhilippines Biology department College of Arts and SciencesCentral Mindanao UniversityMusuanBukidnon 8714MindanaoPhilipines

The Mt. Kitanglad Range is one of the country’s important key biodiversity sites;however, information about anuran diversity in this protected area remains depauperate. Herein we provided accounts of anuran species from high-elevation forests, in three sites of the western slope of Mt. Kitanglad range. The combined belt-transect sampling and microha bitat searches accounted for 13 species representing five families. The most represented family was Rhacophoridae with five representative species of the genus Philautus. Twelve out of the 13 species documented in the current survey are endemic. Four previously unaccounted species(Pelophr yne brevipes, Pulchrana grandocula, Sanguirana mearnsi, and Philautus surrufus) were added and brought the total anurans known from Mt. Kitanglad to 26 species. Most of the species were also recorded in forested sites, suggestive of their lesser affinity to non-forested ecosystems. The additional species detected during our survey may also imply that full understanding of anuran diversity of Mt. Kitanglad remains far from complete.

关键词： key biodiversity area Mindanao faunal region Philippine endemic anurans upper elevation forests wildlife inventory in Mindanao

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Current state of endohepatology: diagnosis and treatment of portal hypertension and its complications with endoscopic ultrasound

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第8期13卷 887-895页

作者： Sean R Rudnick Jason d Conway mark W Russo Section on Gastroenterology&Hepatology Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157United States department of Hepatology Atrium HealthCarolinas Medical CenterCharlotteNC 28204United States

The diagnosis and management of cirrhosis and portal hypertension(PH)with its complications including variceal hemorrhage,ascites,and hepatic encephalopathy continues to *** there are established“standards of care”in liver biopsy and measurement of PH,gastric varices remain an area without a universally accepted therapeutic *** concept of“Endo Hepatology”has been used to describe of the applications of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)to these ***-liver biopsy(EUS-LB)offers an alternative to percutaneous and transjuglar liver biopsy without compromising safety or efficacy,and with added advantages including the potential to reduce sampling error by allowing biopsies in both hepatic ***,EUS-LB can be performed during the same procedure as EUS-guided portal pressure gradient(PPG)measurements,allowing for the collection of valuable diagnostic and prognostic ***-guided PPG measurements provide an appealing alternative to the transjugular approach,with proposed advantages including the ability to directly measure portal vein *** addition,EUS-guided treatment of gastric varices(GV)offers several possible advantages to current ***-guided treatment of GV allows detailed assessment of the vascular anatomy,similar efficacy and safety to current therapies,and allows the evaluation of treatment effect through doppler ultrasound *** appropriate selection of patients for these procedures is paramount to ensuring generation of useful clinical data and patient safety.

关键词： Portal hypertension Endoscopic ultrasound Liver biopsy Gastric varices

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Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

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Nano Research 2014年第1期7卷 1-62页

作者： mark J. Armstrong Colm O'dwyer William J. Macklin Justin. d. Holmes Materials Chemistry & Analysis Group Department of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute University College Cork Cork Ireland Applied Nanoscience Group Department of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute University College Cork Cork Ireland Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland Nexeon Limited Abingdon Oxfordshire UK.

The performance of the lithium-ion cell is heavily dependent on the ability of the host electrodes to accommodate and release Li＋ ions from the local structure. While the choice of electrode materials may define parameters such as cell potential and capacity, the process of intercalation may be physically limited by the rate of solid-state Li＋ diffusion. Increased diffusion rates in lithium-ion electrodes may be achieved through a reduction in the diffusion path, accomplished by a scaling of the respective electrode dimensions. In addition, some electrodes may undergo large volume changes associated with charging and discharging, the strain of which, may be better accommodated through nanostructuring. Failure of the host to accommodate such volume changes may lead to pulverisation of the local structure and a rapid loss of capacity. In this review article, we seek to highlight a number of significant gains in the development of nanostructured lithium-ion battery architectures （both anode and cathode）, as drivers of potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.

关键词： lithium ion batteries nanostructuring anodes cathodes

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计算机控制(电极)装置的二维电阻率成象

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地球物理学进展 1991年第2期6卷 115-123页

作者： d.H.griffiths 路中

一、微型信息处理机控制的电阻率横断面系统(MRT)MRT系统是有效的电阻率成象系统。此系统的设计可以提供信息,从而确定沿剖面上横截面的地下岩层电阻率分布。在地层显示出侧向和垂直向两个方向电性变化的地方,这个系统特别有用。野外技... 详细信息

一、微型信息处理机控制的电阻率横断面系统(MRT)MRT系统是有效的电阻率成象系统。此系统的设计可以提供信息,从而确定沿剖面上横截面的地下岩层电阻率分布。在地层显示出侧向和垂直向两个方向电性变化的地方,这个系统特别有用。野外技术包括沿给定剖面上反复做等间距视电阻率的横向测线测量,并且每做一次增加一次极间距。用这种办法建立电阻率空间剖面——拟剖面,从而以等值线来提供地下岩层电阻率分布的定性图象。在地下岩层是二维结构并且某些约束条件是可用的地区。

关键词：地下岩层电阻率变化电阻率分布视电阻率近地表计算机控制极间距成象系统野外资料野外数据

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Effects of elevation on spring phenological sensitivity to temperature in Tibetan Plateau grasslands

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第34期59卷 4856-4863页

作者： Lingling Liu Liangyun Liu Liang Liang Alison donnelly Isaac Park mark d.Schwartz Institute of Remote Sensing and digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukee WI 53201-0413 USA department of Geography University of Kentucky LexingtonKY 40506-0027 USA

Vegetation phenology is an important indicator of climate change impacts on the seasonal dynamics of the biosphere. However, little is known about the influence of elevation on spring phenological sensitivity to temperature in an alpine ecosystem. Based on remotely sensed land surface phenology and temperature data from 2001 to2010, this study investigated the rate of spring phenological change of the Tibetan Plateau(TP) grasslands in response to interannual temperature variations at different elevations. Results suggest that spring phenology in the TP grasslands exhibits a stronger response to changes in temperature at higher elevations than at lower ones. In particular, spring phenology advanced by 1–2 days in response to a 1 °C increase in May average temperature at elevations from 3,000 to 3,500 m, while the rate was up to8–9 days/°C at 5,000–5,500 m. Analysis using accumulated growing degree days(AGdd) from January 1through May 31 showed the same general trend with increased elevation associated with increased sensitivity(as measured by phenological change per unit of AGddchange). Such temperature sensitivity gradients in the TP grasslands could be partly explained by the growth efficiency hypothesis which suggests that vegetation adapted to colder climates likely requires less heat energy for the onset of growing season and vice versa in warmer ***, accumulated growing degree days from January 1 to the greenup date were found to decrease with increasing elevations, which provided evidence to support the applicability of the growth efficiency hypothesis in an alpine grassland ecosystem.

关键词：植被物候海拔高度温度数据青藏高原敏感性草原气候变化影响高山生态系统

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FAIR data Point:A FAIR-Oriented Approach for Metadata Publication

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data Intelligence 2023年第1期5卷 163-183页

作者： Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Kees Burger Rajaram Kaliyaperumal mark d.Wilkinson Services and Cybersecurity group Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Twente-Enschede7513GBthe Netherlands Biosemantics group Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical Center-LeidenNL 2333 ZCthe Netherlands Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieria Agronomica Alimentaria y de BiosistemasCentro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas UPM-INIAUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)MadridES 28223Spain

Metadata,data about other digital objects,play an important role in FAIR with a direct relation to all FAIR *** this paper we present and discuss the FAIR data Point(FdP),a software architecture aiming to define a common approach to publish semantically-rich and machine-actionable metadata according to the FAIR *** present the core components and features of the FdP,its approach to metadata provision,the criteria to evaluate whether an application adheres to the FdP specifications and the service to register,index and allow users to search for metadata content of available FdPs.

关键词： FAIR FAIR data point FAIR principles Metadata Interoperability Linked data Semantic interoperability

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Responses in splanchnic and mammary amino acid metabolism to short-term graded removal of methionine in lactating goats

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 116-125页

作者： Yantao Li mark d.Hanigan Xueyan Lin Zhiyong Hu Zhengui Yan Qiuling Hou Yun Wang Zhonghua Wang Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China department of dairy Science Virginia TechBlacksburg 24061USA

Four multi-catheterized lactating goats were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to investigate the responses of amino acid metabolism in portal-drained viscera(PdV),liver,and mammary glands to short-term varying supplies of methionine(Met).during the last 45 h in each experimental period,goats were fasted for 12 h and then abomasally infused with an amino acid(AA)mixture plus glucose for 33 *** consisted of graded removal of Met from an infused AA mixture to achieve Met content in the infusate of 100%(complete),60%,30%,or 0%that in *** Met removal decreased the pro-duction of milk,milk protein,lactose,and fat linearly whilst also decreasing arterial Met concentration linearly(PdV uptake and liver removal of Met decreased linearly(Pdue to decreased Met affinity of PdV and liver(P0.1)was maintained as Met supply *** was achieved through increased mammary affinity(Pd increased mammary blood flow(Pdecreased circu-lating Met *** removal of Met from the infusate linearly decreased mammary uptake-to-milk output ratios of Met(Pd tended to decrease essential amino acid(EAA)linearly(0.05decreased circulating concentration of prolactin and linearly increased insulin concentration(Pdy indicated there were several mechanisms used to mitigate a Met deficiency,including reduced catabolism of Met in PdV,liver,and peripheral tissue(including mammary glands)and a linear increase in mammary blood *** observed decreases in milk protein production as Met supply decreased appear to be a result of regulatory events which may have been driven by decreased circulating prolactin,rather than as a result of decreased mammary Met uptake.

关键词： Methionine Lactating goat Milk protein Amino acid Splanchnic tissue

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Involvement of Lipid Rafts and Cellular Actin in AcMNPV GP64 distribution and Virus Budding

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 333-349页

作者： F. J. Haines C. M. griffiths R. d. Possee C. R. Hawes L. A. King School of Life Science Oxford Brookes University Veterinary Laboratories Agency-Wey-bridge New Haw Addlestone Surrey KT15 3NB UK. NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (Oxford)

GP64 is the major envelope glycoprotein associated with the budded virus (BV) of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and is essential for attachment and budding of BV particles. Confocal microscopy and flotation assays established the presence of lipid raft domains within the plasma membranes of AcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells and suggested the association of GP64 with lipid rafts during infection. GP64 and filamentous actin (F-actin) were found to co-localise at the cell cortex at 24 and 48 hpi and an additional restructuring of F-actin during infection was visualised, resulting in a strongly polarised distribution of both F-actin and GP64 at the cell cortex. depletion of F-actin, achieved by treatment of Sf9 cells with latrunculin B (LB), resulted in the redistribution of GP64 with significant cytoplasmic aggregation and reduced presence at the plasma membrane. Treatment with LB also resulted in reduced production of BV in Sf9 cells. Analysis of virus gene transcription confirmed this reduction was not due to decreased trafficking of nucleocapsids to the nucleus or to decreased production of infectious progeny nucleocapsids. Reduced BV production due to a lack of GP64 at the plasma membrane of AcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells treated with LB, suggests a key role for F-actin in the egress of BV.

关键词： Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) Actin Lipid rafts Egress

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Grain boundary effects in high-temperature liquid-metal dealloying: a multi-phase field study

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1039-1049页

作者： Nathan Bieberdorf mark Asta Laurent Capolungo department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Science and Technology division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA

A multi-phase field model is employed to study the microstructural evolution of an alloy undergoing liquid dealloying,specifically considering the role of grain boundaries.A semi-implicit time-stepping algorithm using spectral methods is implemented,which enables simulating large 2d and 3d domains over long time scales while still maintaining a realistic interfacial *** reveal a mechanism of coupled grain–boundary migration to maintain equilibrium contact angles with the topologically complex solid–liquid interface,which locally accelerates diffusion-coupled growth of a liquid channel into the *** mechanism asymmetrically disrupts the ligament connectivity of the dealloyed structure in qualitative agreement with published experimental *** grain boundary migration-assisted corrosion channels form even for precursors with small amounts of the dissolving alloy species,below the parting *** activation of this grain boundary dealloying mechanism depends strongly on grain boundary mobility.

关键词： alloying grain alloy

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