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Modelling of grinding mechanics:A review

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第7期36卷 25-39页

作者： Qingyu MENG bing GUO Qingliang ZHAO Hao Nan LI mark JJACKSON barbara SLINKE Xichun LUO Center for Precision Engineering School of Mechatronics EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Aerospace The University of Nottingham NingboNingbo 315100China School of Integrated Studies College of Technology and AviationKansas State UniversitySalinaKS 67401USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California DavisDavisUSA Centre for Precision Manufacturing DMEMUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK

Grinding is one of the most widely used material removal methods at the end of many process *** force is related to almost all grinding parameters,which has a great influence on material removal rate,dimensional and shape accuracy,surface and subsurface integrity,thermodynamics,dynamics,wheel durability,and machining system *** that grinding force is related to almost all grinding parameters,grinding force can be used to detect grinding wheel wear,energy calculation,chatter suppression,force control and grinding process *** prediction of grinding forces is important for optimizing grinding parameters and the structure of grinding machines and *** there are substantial research papers on grinding mechanics,a comprehensive review on the modeling of grinding mechanics is still absent from the *** fill this gap,this work reviews and introduces theoretical methods and applications of mechanics in grinding from the aspects of modeling principles,limitations and possible future trendencies.

关键词： Force modeling Grinding Grinding mechanics Macro force Micro force Model application

biomass Template Derived boron/Oxygen Co-Doped Carbon Particles as Advanced Anodes for Potassium-Ion batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第1期5卷 344-352页

作者： Xueyu Lian Zhongti Sun Qingqing Mei Yuyang Yi Junhua Zhou mark H.Rummeli Jingyu Sun College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Department of Chemistry University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden P.O.Box 270116Dresden D-01171Germany Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesM.Curie-Sklodowskiej 34Zabrze 41-819Poland Institute of Environmental Technology VSB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 15Ostrava 70833Czech Republic beijing Graphene Institute(bGI) Beijing 100095China

Among various anode candidates for potassium-ion batteries,carbonaceous materials have attracted significant attention due to their overwhelming advantages including cost-effectiveness and environmental ***,the inferior specific capacity and the sluggish reaction kinetics hinder the further development in this ***,we report biomass templated synthesis of boron/oxygen heteroatom co-doped carbon particles(bO-CPs)via direct plasma-enhanced chemical vapor *** the combined advantages of abundant active sites,large accessible surface area,and functional groups,bO-CP anode exhibits high reversible specific capacity(426.5 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1))and excellent rate performance(166.5 mAh g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)).The K-ion storage mechanism is probed by operando Raman spectroscopy,ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,galvanostatic intermittent titration technique measurements,and theoretical *** synergistic effect of boron and oxygen co-doping greatly facilitates the performance of carbon-based anode,wherein boron dopant improves the conductivity of carbon framework and the oxygen dopant affords ample active sites and thus harvests additional specific *** work is anticipated to propel the development of high-performance anode materials for emerging energy storage devices.

关键词： anode b/O co-doping carbon high capacity potassium-ion batteries

Antibiotic prophylaxis in variceal hemorrhage:Timing,effectiveness and Clostridium difficile rates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第42期16卷 5317-5323页

作者： Matthew RL brown Graeme Jones Kathryn L Nash mark Wright Indra Neil Guha National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre biomedical Research Unit Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustE Level West BlockQueens Medical Centre CampusDerby RoadNottinghamNG7 2UHUnited kingdom Department of Microbiology Southampton University Hospital TrustLevel BSouthampton General HospitalSouthamptonS016 6YDUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Southampton University Hospital TrustLevel FSouthampton General HospitalSouthamptonSO16 6YDUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate if antibiotics administered within 8 h of endoscopy reduce mortality or increase the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection(CDI).METHODS:A 2-year retrospective analysis of all patients who presented with first variceal hemorrhage was *** primary outcome measure was 28-d *** outcome measures were 28-d rebleeding rates and 28-d incidence of *** patients were admitted to a tertiary liver unit with a consultantled,24-h endoscopy *** received standard care including terlipressin *** collection included:primary and secondary outcome measures,timing of first administration of intravenous antibiotics,eti-ology of liver disease,demographics,endoscopy details and complications.A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of CDI in the study population and general medical inpatients admitted for antibiotic therapy of at least 5 d *** analysis was undertaken using univariate,non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression ***:There were 70 first presentations of variceal hemorrhage during the study *** percent of cases were male and 65.7% were due to chronic alcoholic liver *** total,64/70(91.4%) patients received antibiotics as prophylaxis during their ***,53/70(75.7%) received antibiotics either before endoscopy or within 8 h of endoscopy [peri-endoscopy(8 h) group],whereas 17/70(24.3%) received antibiotics at > 8 h after endoscopy or not at all(non peri-endoscopy group).Overall mortality and rebleeding rates were 13/70(18.6%) and 14/70(20%),*** periendoscopy(8 h) group was significantly less likely to die compared with the non peri-endoscopy group [13.2% vs 35.3%,P = 0.04,odds ratio(OR) = 0.28(0.078-0.997)] and showed a trend towards reduced rebleeding [17.0% vs 29.4%,P = 0.27,OR = 0.49(0.14-1.74)].On univariate analysis,the non peri-endoscopy group [P = 0.02,OR = 3.58(1.00-12.81)],higher mode

关键词： Variceal hemorrhage Mortality Antibiotics Prophylaxis Clostridium difficile

From contraction to gene expression:nanojunctions of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum deliver site-and function-specific calcium signals

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 749-763页

作者： A.mark Evans Nicola Fameli Oluseye A.Ogunbayo Jingxian Duan Jorge Navarro-Dorado Centre for Integrative Physiology College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineHugh Robson BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH8 9XDUK Institute of biophysics Medical University of GrazGraz 8010Austria

Calcium signals determine, for example, smooth muscle contraction and changes in gene expression. How calcium signals select for these processes is enigmatic. We build on the "panjunctional sarcoplasmic reticulum" hypothesis, describing our view that different calcium pumps and release channels, with different kinetics and affinities for calcium, are strategically positioned within nanojunctions of the SR and help demarcate their respective cytoplasmic nanodomains. SERCA2 b and Ry R1 are preferentially targeted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR) proximal to the plasma membrane(PM), i.e., to the superficial buffer barrier formed by PM-SR nanojunctions, and support vasodilation. In marked contrast, SERCA2 a may be entirely restricted to the deep, perinuclear SR and may supply calcium to this sub-compartment in support of vasoconstriction. Ry R3 is also preferentially targeted to the perinuclear SR, where its clusters associate with lysosome-SR nanojunctions. The distribution of Ry R2 is more widespread and extends from this region to the wider cell. Therefore, perinuclear Ry R3 s most likely support the initiation of global calcium waves at L-SR junctions, which subsequently propagate by calcium-induced calcium release via Ry R2 in order to elicit contraction. Data also suggest that unique SERCA and Ry R are preferentially targeted to invaginations of the nuclear membrane. Site- and function-specific calcium signals may thus arise to modulate stimulus-response coupling and transcriptional cascades.

关键词： calcium nanojunction ryanodine receptor sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase smooth muscle gene expression contraction

An in situ monitoring campaign of a hard rock pillar at great depth within a Canadian mine

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第3期12卷 427-448页

作者： bradley Forbes Nicholas Vlachopoulos mark S.Diederichs Andrew J.Hyett Allan Punkkinen Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada Department of Civil Engineering Royal Military College of CanadaKingstonOntarioK7K 7B4Canada YieldPoint Inc. KingstonOntarioK7M 4W9Canada Normet Canada Ltd. LivelyOntarioP3Y 0B3Canada

A recent research campaign at a Canadian nickel-copper mine involved instrumenting a hard rock sill drift pillar with an array of multi-point rod extensometers,distributed optical fibre strain sensors,and borehole pressure cells(bHPCs).The instrumentation spanned across a 15.24 m lengthwise segment of the relatively massive granitic pillar situated at a depth of 2.44 km within the *** May 2016 and March 2017,the pillar’s displacement and pressure response were measured and correlated with mining activities on the same level as the pillar,including:(1)mine-by of the pillar,(2)footwall drift development,and(3)ore body stoping *** displacements of the pillar,the extensometers provided high temporal resolution(logged hourly)and the optical fibre strain sensors provide high spatial resolution(measured every 0.65 mm along the length of each sensor).The combination of sensing techniques allowed centimetre-scale rock mass bulking near the pillar sidewalls to be distinguished from microstrain-scale fracturing towards the core of the ***,the influence and extent of a mine-scale schistose shear zone transecting the pillar was *** converting measured rock mass displacement to velocity,a process was demonstrated which allowed mining activities inducing displacements to be categorised by time-duration and cumulative *** over half of the analysed mining activities,displacements were determined to prolong for over an hour,predominately resulting in submillimetre cumulative displacements,but in some cases multi-centimetre cumulative displacements were *** time-dependent behaviour was more pronounced within the vicinity of the plumb shear *** measurements were also used to assess selected support member load and elongation mobilisation per mining *** was found that a combined static load and elongation capacity of reinforcing members was essential to maintaining excavation stability,while

关键词： Hard rock pillar Rockburst Rock mass bulking Distributed optical fibre strain sensing Extensometer In situ monitoring High stress Dynamic support

Is it time to rethink combined liver-kidney transplant in hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第5期9卷 288-292页

作者： Niraj James Shah mark W Russo Department of Medicine Division of Dige-stive Diseases the University of Mississippi Medical Center Transplant Center-Carolinas Medical Center 6th Floor Morehead Medical Plaza

AIM To reduce hepatic and extrahepatic complications of chronic hepatitis C in kidney transplant *** We conducted a systematic review of kidney only transplant in patients with hepatitis C and advanced *** The 5 year patient survival of kidney transplant recipients with and without hepatitis C cirrhosis ranged from 31% to 90% and 85% to 92%, respectively. Hepatitis C kidney transplant recipients had lower 10-year survival when compared to hepatitis b patients, 40% and 90% respectively. There were no studies that included patients with virologic cure prior to kidney transplant that reported post-kidney transplant outcomes. There were no studies of direct acting antiviral therapy and effect on patient or graft survival after kidney transplantation. CONCLUSION Data on kidney transplant only in hepatitis C patients that reported inferior outcomes were prior to the development of potent direct acting antiviral. With the development of potent directing acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C with high cure rates studies are needed to determine if patients with hepatitis C, including those with advanced fibrosis, can undergo kidney transplant alone with acceptable long term outcomes.

关键词： Cirrhosis/cirrhotics Renal transplantation Kidney transplantation Mortality Systematic review Graft outcomes Meta-analysis

Remodeling of the plasma for sperm-egg recognition： proteins membrane in preparation roles of acrosomal

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 574-582页

作者： Nongnuj Tanphaichitr Kessiri Kongmanas Hathairat Kruevaisayawan Arpornrad Saewu Clarissa Sugeng Jason Fernandes Puneet Souda Jonathan b Angel Kym F Faull R John Aitken Julian Whitelegge Daniel Hardy Trish berger mark baker Chronic Disease Program Ottawa Hospital ResearchInstitute Ottawa Ontario Canada Department ofObstetrics and Gynaecology University of OttawaOntario Canada Department of biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology University of OttawaOntario Canada Department of Anatomy Faculty ofMedical Sciences Naresuan University PhitsanulokThailand Division of Infectious Diseases OttawaHospital - General Campus Ottawa Ontario Canada Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory Universityof California Los Angeles California USA TheARC Centre of Excellence in biotechnology andDevelopment School of Environmental and LifeSciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NewSouth Wales Australia Department of Cell biologyand biochemistry Health Sciences Center Texas TechUniversity Texas USA Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of California Davis California USA

The interaction of sperm with the egg＇s extracellular matrix, the zona pellucida （ZP） is the first step of the union between male and female gametes. The molecular mechanisms of this process have been studied for the past six decades with the results obtained being both interesting and confusing. In this article, we describe our recent work, which attempts to address two lines of questions from previous studies. First, because there are numerous ZP binding proteins reported byvarious researchers, how do these proteins act together in sperm-ZP interaction？ Second, why do a number of acrosomal proteins have ZP affinity？ Are they involved mainly in the initial sperm-ZP binding or rather in anchoring acrosome reacting/reacted spermatozoa to the ZP？ Our studies reveal that a number of ZP binding proteins and chaperones, extracted from the anterior sperm head plasma membrane, coexist as high molecular weight （HMW） complexes, and that these complexes in capacitated spermatozoa have preferential ability to bind to the ZP. Zonadhesin （ZAN）, known as an acrosomal protein with ZP affinity, is one of these proteins in the HMW complexes. Immunoprecipitation indicates that ZAN interacts with other acrosomal proteins, proacrosin/acrosin and sp32 （ACRbP）, also present in the HMW complexes. Immunodetection of ZAN and proacrosin/acrosin on spermatozoa further indicates that both proteins traffic to the sperm head surface during capacitation where the sperm acrosomal matrix is still intact, and therefore they are likely involved in the initial sperm-ZP binding step.

关键词： SPERM CAPACITATION ANDSPERM-ZONA PELLUCIDAINTERACTION- bACKGROUND ANDCONFUSION IN THE FIELDS

Eff-3DPSeg:3D Organ-Level Plant Shoot Segmentation Using Annotation-Efficient Deep Learning

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 626-641页

作者： Liyi Luo Xintong Jiang Yu Yang Eugene Roy Antony Samy mark Lefsrud Valerio Hoyos-Villegas Shangpeng Sun bioresource Engineering Department McGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry(Ministry of Education) Jiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina Plant Science Department McGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Reliable and automated 3-dimensional(3D)plant shoot segmentation is a core prerequisite for the extraction of plant phenotypic traits at the organ *** deep learning and point clouds can provide effective ways to address the ***,fully supervised deep learning methods require datasets to be point-wise annotated,which is extremely expensive and *** our work,we proposed a novel weakly supervised framework,Eff-3DPSeg,for 3D plant shoot ***,high-resolution point clouds of soybean were reconstructed using a low-cost photogrammetry system,and the Meshlab-based Plant Annotator was developed for plant point cloud ***,a weakly supervised deep learning method was proposed for plant organ *** method contained(a)pretraining a self-supervised network using Viewpoint bottleneck loss to learn meaningful intrinsic structure representation from the raw point clouds and(b)fine-tuning the pretrained model with about only 0.5%points being annotated to implement plant organ ***,3 phenotypic traits(stem diameter,leaf width,and leaf length)were *** test the generality of the proposed method,the public dataset Pheno4D was included in this *** results showed that the weakly supervised network obtained similar segmentation performance compared with the fully supervised *** method achieved 95.1%,96.6%,95.8%,and 92.2%in the precision,recall,F1 score,and mIoU for stem–leaf segmentation for the soybean dataset and 53%,62.8%,and 70.3%in the AP,AP@25,and AP@50 for leaf instance segmentation for the Pheno4D *** study provides an effective way for characterizing 3D plant architecture,which will become useful for plant breeders to enhance selection *** trained networks are available at https://***/jieyi-one/EFF-3DPSEG.

关键词： Deep Plant weakly

Apolipoprotein b100 is required for hepatitis C infectivity and Mipomersen inhibits hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9954-9965页

作者： Esperance AK Schaefer James Meixiong Christina mark Amy Deik Daniel L Motola Dahlene Fusco Andrew Yang Cynthia brisac Shadi Salloum Wenyu Lin Clary b Clish Lee F Peng Raymond T Chung Gastrointestinal Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Bossston MA 02114 United States Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Bossston MA 02114 United States both of the broad Institute of Harvard and M.I.T. Cambridge MA 02115 United States Temple University Health System Cambridge MA 02142 United States

AIM To characterize the role of apolipoprotein b100(apob 100) in hepatitis C viral(HCV) infection. METHODS In this study, we utilize a gene editing tool, transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs), to generate human hepatoma cells with a stable genetic deletion of APOb to assess of apob in HCV. Using infectious cell culture-competent HCV, viral pseudoparticles, replicon models, and lipidomic analysis we determined the contribution of apob to each step of the viral lifecycle. We further studied the effect of mipomersen, an FDAapproved antisense inhibitor of apob 100, on HCV using in vitro cell-culture competent HCV and determined itsimpact on viral infectivity with the TCID50 method. RESULTS We found that apo b100 is indispensable for HCV infection. Using the JFH-1 fully infectious cell-culture competent virus in Huh 7 hepatoma cells with TALENmediated gene deletion of apob(APOb KO), we found a significant reduction in HCV RNA and protein levels following infection. Pseudoparticle and replicon models demonstrated that apo b did not play a role in HCV entry or replication. However, the virus produced by APOb KO cells had significantly diminished infectivity as measured by the TCID-50 method compared to wildtype virus. Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that these virions have a fundamentally altered lipidome, with complete depletion of cholesterol esters. We further demonstrate that inhibition of apob using mipomersen, an FDA-approved anti-sense oligonucleotide, results in a potent anti-HCV effect and significantly reduces the infectivity of the virus. CONCLUSION Apo b is required for the generation of fully infectious HCV virions, and inhibition of apo b with mipomersen blocks HCV. Targeting lipid metabolic pathways to impair viral infectivity represents a novel host targeted strategy to inhibit HCV.

关键词： Apolipoprotein Lipid Hepatitis C virus Gene silencing Viral replication