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Few-Shot Learning Enables Population-Scale Analysis of Leaf Traits in Populus trichocarpa

Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 581-597页

作者： John Lagergren Mirko Pavicic Hari B.Chhetri Larry M.York Doug Hyatt David Kainer Erica M.Rutter Kevin Flores Jack Bailey-Bale marie klein Gail Taylor Daniel Jacobson Jared Streich Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Department of Applied Mathematics University of CaliforniaMercedCAUSA Department of Mathematics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Plant phenotyping is typically a time-consuming and expensive endeavor,requiring large groups of researchers to meticulously measure biologically relevant plant traits,and is the main bottleneck in understanding plant adaptation and the genetic architecture underlying complex traits at population *** this work,we address these challenges by leveraging few-shot learning with convolutional neural networks to segment the leaf body and visible venation of 2,906 Populus trichocarpa leaf images obtained in the *** contrast to previous methods,our approach(a)does not require experimental or image preprocessing,(b)uses the raw RGB images at full resolution,and(c)requires very few samples for training(e.g.,just 8 images for vein segmentation).Traits relating to leaf morphology and vein topology are extracted from the resulting segmentations using traditional open-source image-processing tools,validated using real-world physical measurements,and used to conduct a genome-wide association study to identify genes controlling the *** this way,the current work is designed to provide the plant phenotyping community with(a)methods for fast and accurate image-based feature extraction that require minimal training data and(b)a new population-scale dataset,including 68 different leaf phenotypes,for domain scientists and machine learning *** of the few-shot learning code,data,and results are made publicly available.

关键词： networks neural image

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Unveiling the lamellar structure of the human cornea over its full thickness using polarization-resolved SHG microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1782-1794页

作者： Clothilde Raoux Anatole Chessel Pierre Mahou Gaël Latour marie-Claire Schanne-klein Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences Ecole PolytechniqueCNRSINSERMInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 PalaiseauFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay 91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

A key property of the human cornea is to maintain its curvature and consequently its refraction capability despite daily changes in intraocular *** is closely related to the multiscale structure of the corneal stroma,which consists of 1-3µm-thick stacked lamellae made of thin collagen ***,the distribution,size,and orientation of these lamellae along the depth of the cornea are poorly characterized up to *** this study,we use second harmonic generation(SHG)microscopy to visualize the collagen distribution over the full depth of 10 intact and unstained human corneas(500-600µm thick).We take advantage of the small coherence length in epi-detection to axially resolve the lamellae while maintaining the corneal physiological ***,as raw epi-detected SHG images are spatially homogenous because of the sub-wavelength size of stromal collagen fibrils,we use a polarimetric approach to measure the collagen orientation in every *** a careful validation of this approach,we show that the collagen lamellae(i)are mostly oriented along the inferior-superior axis in the anterior stroma and along the nasal-temporal axis in the posterior stroma,with a gradual shift in between and(ii)exhibit more disorder in the anterior *** results represent the first quantitative characterization of the lamellar structure of the human cornea continuously along its entire thickness with micrometric *** also shows the unique potential of P-SHG microscopy for imaging of collagen distribution in thick dense tissues.

关键词： structure curvature resolved

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Sexuality of Repartnered Men and Women in France: Sexual Behaviors, Perceptions, Expectations and Sexual Dysfunctions

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 10-19页

作者： marie-Helene Colson Antoine Lemaire Patrick klein 不详

Introduction. Although many epidemiological studies on sexuality have been published, none have specifically addressed male and female sexuality in repartnered couples. Aim. To investigate men and women’s sexual behaviors, perceptions and expectations, and the frequency of their sexual dysfunctions, with a focus on repartnered couples, i.e, subjects living with a partner in a stable relationship after divorce or widowhood (including both remarried couples and cohabitating unmarried couples). Methods. Analysis of telephone survey data collected from 1,002 French subjects (483 men, 519 women) ≥35years. Of these, 748 were living with their partner as part of a heterosexual couple. For these subjects, the sexuality of 149 repartnered subjects was compared to that of the other 599 subjects. Main Outcome Measures. A 39-item questionnaire assessing subjects' perceptions, expectations, sexual behaviors and dysfunctions. Results. Compared with other subjects, men and women in repartnered couples had more active sexuality and more interest in sexuality (men 93% vs 80%, P < 0.01, women 73% vs 65%, P < 0.05). They were generally more sensitive to feelings and emotions linked to their sexuality, and these feelings seemed to increase steadily with age. Their sexuality was more attuned to their partner’s pleasure (men 79% vs. 59% P < 0.001, women 50% vs. 34% P < 0.01). Concern for the future of the relationship and for sexuality was equally present for both groups, although repartnered couples were more often concerned about potential inadequacy and conflicts between the two partners. Although repartnered men seemed to be less affected by diminished desire, they had slightly higher rates of premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction, and considered their quality of life to be more affected by these problems. Conclusion. The sexuality of repartnered couples remains poorly studied, but seems to differ from that of non-repartnered couples. Our findings open interesting avenues of

关键词： Repartnered Couples Remarried Couples Sexual Behavior Sexual Inadequency Marital Relationship

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Overexpression of the cholesterol-binding protein MLN64 induces liver damage in the mouse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第22期13卷 3071-3079页

作者： Juan Enrique Tichauer María Gabriela Morales Ludwig Amigo Leopoldo Galdames Andrés klein Verónica Quiones Carla Ferrada Alejandra Alvarez R marie-Christine Rio Juan Francisco Miquel Attilio Rigotti Silvana Zanlungo Departamento de Gastroenterología Facultad de Medicina Pontifi cia Universidad Católica Santiago Chile Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica Santiago Chile Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire INSERM U596 67404 Illkirch France

AIM： To examine the in vivo phenotype associated with hepatic metastatic lymph node 64 （MLN64） overexpression.METHODS： Recombinant-adenovirus-mediated MLN64 gene transfer was used to overexpress MLN64 in the livers of C57BL/6 mice. We measured the effects of MLN64 overexpression on hepatic cholesterol content, bile flow, biliary lipid secretion and apoptosis markers. For in vitro studies cultured CHO cells with transient MLN64 overexpression were utilized and apoptosis by TUNEL assay was measured.RESULTS： Livers from ***64-infected mice exhibited early onset of liver damage and apoptosis. This response correlated with increases in liver cholesterol content and bilian/bile acid concentration, and impaired bile flow. We investigated whether liver MLN64 expression could be modulated in a murine model of hepatic injury. We found increased hepatic MLN64 mRNA and protein levels in mice with chenodeoxycholic acid-induced liver damage. In addition, cultured CliO cells with transient MLN64 overexpression showed increased apoptosis.CONCLUSION： In summary, hepatic MLN64 overexpression induced damage and apoptosis in murine livers and altered cholesterol metabolism. Further studies are required to elucidate the relevance of these findings under physiologic and disease conditions.

关键词： Metastatic lymph node 64 Apoptosis Cholesterol Liver StarD3

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Protein Domains Involved in Assembly in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Promote Vacuolar Delivery when Fused to Secretory GFP, Indicating a Protein Quality Control Pathway for Degradation in the Plant Vacuole

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 1067-1076页

作者： Ombretta Foresti Francesca De Marchis Maddalena de Virgilio Eva M. klein Sergio Arcioni Michele Bellucci Alessandro Vitale Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche via Bassini 15 20133 Milano Italy EU Istituto di Genetica Vegetale Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche via della Madonna Alta 130 06128 Perugia Italy EU

The correct folding and assembly of newly synthesized secretory proteins are monitored by the protein quality control system of the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）. Through interactions with chaperones such as the binding protein （BiP） and other folding helpers, quality control favors productive folding and sorts for degradation defective proteins. A major route for quality control degradation identified in yeast, plants, and animals is constituted by retrotranslocation from the ER to the cytosol and subsequent disposal by the ubiquitin/proteasome system, but alternative routes involving the vacuole have been identified in yeast. In this study, we have studied the destiny of sGFP418, a fusion between a secretory form of GFP and a domain of the vacuolar protein phaseolin that is involved in the correct assembly of phaseolin and in BiP recognition of unassembled subunits. We show that sGFP418, despite lacking the phaseolin vacuolar sorting signal, is delivered to the vacuole and fragmented, in a process that is inhibited by the secretory traffic inhibitor brefeldin A. Moreover, a fusion between GFP and a domain of the maize storage protein γ-zein involved in zein polymerization also undergoes post-translational fragmentation similar to that of sGFP418. These results show that defective secretory proteins with permanently exposed sequences normally involved in oligomerization can be delivered to the vacuole by secretory traffic. This strongly suggests the existence of a plant vacuolar sorting mechanism devoted to the disposal of defective secretory proteins.

关键词： Endoplasmic reticulum protein degradation protein traffic vacuole.

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Advanced protection against environmental degradation of silver mirror stacks for space application

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 1-9页

作者： Rajendra Kurapati Vincent Maurice Antoine Seyeux Lorena H.klein Dimitri Mercier Gregory Chauveau Catherine Grees-Besset Loic Berthod Philippe Marcus PSL Research University CNRS-Chimie ParisTechInstitut De Recherche De Chimie ParisPhysical Chemistry of Surfaces Group11 Rue Pierre Et Marie Curie75005 ParisFrance CILAS MARSEILLE 600 Avenue De La Roche FourcadePole ALPHA Sud-Saint Mitre13400 AubagneFrance CNES Sous-direction Assurance QualitéService TechnologiesMatériaux Et Procédés18 AvenueÉdouard Belin31401 ToulouseFrance

Protection of silver mirror stacks from environmental degradation before launching is crucial for space ***,we report a comparative study of the advanced protection of silver mirror stacks for space telescopes provided by SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)coatings in conditions of accelerated aging by *** model silver stack samples were deposited by cathodic magnetron sputtering on a reference silica substrate for optical applications and a surface-pretreated SiC *** aging was per-formed in dry and more severe wet *** micrographic observations,surface and interface analysis by Time-of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)and reflectivity measurements were combined to comparatively study the effects of *** results show a lower kinetics of degradation by accelerated aging of the stacks protected by the alumina coating in comparable test conditions.

关键词： Mirror layers Protection Layers Silver Atmospheric corrosion Accelerated aging Surface analysis Space applications

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Exploring the limits of complexity: A survey of empirical studies on graph visualisation

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Visual Informatics 2018年第4期2卷 264-282页

作者： Vahan Yoghourdjian Daniel Archambault Stephan Diehl Tim Dwyer Karsten klein Helen C.Purchase Hsiang-Yun Wu Monash University Australia Swansea University United Kingdom University of Trier Germany University of Konstanz Germany University of Glasgow United Kingdom University of TU Wien Austria

For decades,researchers in information visualisation and graph drawing have focused on developing techniques for the layout and display of very large and complex *** involving human participants have also explored the readability of different styles of layout and representations for such *** both bodies of literature,networks are frequently referred to as being‘large’or‘complex’,yet these terms are *** a human-centred,experiment point-of-view,what constitutes‘large’(for example)depends on several factors,such as data complexity,visual complexity,and the technology *** this paper,we survey the literature on human-centred experiments to understand how,in practice,different features and characteristics of node–link diagrams affect visual complexity.

关键词： Graph visualisation Network visualisation node-link diagrams Cognitive scalability Evaluations Empirical studies

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线粒体融合蛋白2基因突变致夏科-马里-图斯病2A2亚型的表型分析

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中华神经科杂志 2014年第2期47卷 77-83页

作者：段晓慧顾卫红 Christopher J.klein 郝莹王国相汪仁斌樊东升北京大学第三医院神经内科 100191 卫生部中日友好医院神经内科 Department of Neurology College of Medicine Mayo Clinic

目的探讨夏科-马里-图斯病2型（CMT2）患者线粒体融合蛋白（MFN2）基因突变特征及临床变异性.方法收集临床拟诊的8个常染色体显性遗传CMT2家系和24个散发CMT2病例,采用PCR技术和直接测序方法进行MFN2基因突变检测,详细分析阳性病例的... 详细信息

目的探讨夏科-马里-图斯病2型（CMT2）患者线粒体融合蛋白（MFN2）基因突变特征及临床变异性.方法收集临床拟诊的8个常染色体显性遗传CMT2家系和24个散发CMT2病例,采用PCR技术和直接测序方法进行MFN2基因突变检测,详细分析阳性病例的临床表型.结果在32例拟诊CMT2病例中共检测出4种MFN2基因的错义突变,检出率为12.5%.其中c.281G＞A（R94Q）和c.2240 T＞C（M747T）分别见于2个常染色体显性遗传家系,同一家系内部存在表型差异;c.1090 C＞T（R364W）和c.2198 T＞C（L733P）分别见于2例散发病例,后者为首次报道的新突变,除四肢远端萎缩无力外,前者伴视神经萎缩,后者伴皮肤过度角化.结论 MFN2基因突变为中国人群CMT2型常见病因,通过分析CMT2A2患者的临床表型,提示该组疾病具有高度的临床变异性.

关键词：夏科-马里-图斯病线粒体蛋白质类突变表型

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EGFR Expression Is Unreliable to Decide for Cetuximab Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results from “ERBITUX-OUEST”

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2016年第2期6卷 56-67页

作者： Jean-Philippe Metges Erick Gamelin Alain Volant Olivier Capitain Jean-François Ramée Jean-Luc Raoul Jean-Yves Douillard Pierre-Luc Etienne Isabelle Cumin Olivier Dupuis Roger Faroux marie-Aude Coulon Philippe Deguiral Karine Bideau Nacr Eddine Achour Alain Gourlaouen Corinne Alleaume Annie Wdowik Laurent Miglianico Yann Touchefeu Vincent klein Alain Penchet Ludovic Rosenfeld Daniel Martin Claire Stampfli Jean-Jacques Auger Alain Bargain Murielle Broyer-Petit Jérome Chettrit Louis-Rémi De Ybarlucea Serge Eloit Pierre marie Girardot Nathalie Heresbach Christian Laboisse Eric Lavoine Gilles Lemasson Claire Magois Sophie Michalak Norbert Padilla Joseph Politis Frédéric Staroz Bruno Turlin Arnaud Uguen Viorel Vasiliu Véronique Verriele Fanny Marhuenda Delphine Déniel Lagadec Christian Riché Françoise Grudé Observatoire dédié au Cancer des régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire France Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest France Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO) Paul Papin Angers France Centre Catherine de Sienne Nantes France CRLCC Eugène Marquis Rennes France ICO René Gauducheau Nantes France Centre CARIO-HCPA Plérin France Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (CHBS) Lorient France Clinique Victor Hugo Le Mans France Centre Hospitalier Départemental (CHD) La Roche-sur-Yon France CH Le Mans France Clinique Mutualiste de l’Estuaire Saint-Nazaire France CHIC Quimper France Clinique Pasteur Lanroze Brest France CH MORLAIX France CH Saint-Brieuc France CHBA Vannes France CHP Saint-Grégoire France CHU Nantes France Hopital Privé Océane Vannes France Clinique Saint-Michel et Sainte-Anne Quimper France Pole Santé Sarthe et Loire La Flèche France Polyclinique du Maine Laval France Polyclinique Sud Quimper France CH Laval France Polyclinique Cesson Sévigné France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Cholet France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Saint-Malo France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Lorient France Institut d’histopathologie Nantes France Laboratoire de Pathologie Médicale Laval France ARMOR Pathologie Plérin France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Rennes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Angers France Laboratoire Analyses Biologie Glasgow Brest France CHU Angers France Centre d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Le Mans France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Vannes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Quimper France CHU Rennes France

Purpose: Although controversial, assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is required for the approved indications of Cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). With the objective of improving patient selection, “ERBITUX-OUEST” study aimed at analyzing EGFR status in a large cohort of mCRC patients who received cetuximab without preliminary EGFR screening, and assessing the correlation between EGFR status and response to treatment retrospectively. Patients and methods: 332 patients treated with Irinotecan Cetuximab based regimen after progression on irinotecan or oxaliplatin therapy were included. EGFR status was assessed using three available immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests and in situ hybridization in case of negativity. Clinical outcomes of EGFR-positive and EGFR-non-detected (or considered as negative with at least one test) patients were compared. Results: Of the 332 samples centrally screened, 194 were classified as full-positive (i.e., EGFR-positive for all three tests), 86 as full-negative, and 52 as discordant. One third of the 131 negative samples with FDA approved test should be reclassified as positive with at least one of the two others tests. Regarding results from FDA approved test only, neither objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) nor overall survival (OS) differed significantly between EGFR-negative and EGFR-positive patients (P = 0.788, 0.326 and 0.888, respectively). Similarly, comparison of full-negative to other groups did not show any significant difference in terms of ORR (P = 0.507), PFS (P = 0.222) or OS (P = 0.686). Conclusion: These data strongly argue against mCRC patients selection for Cetuximab treatment based on EGFR expression as measured by currently available IHC technics.

关键词： Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cetuximab EGFR Expression

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越南东京湾红河断裂系统

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海洋地质 2010年第2期26卷 1-13页

作者： C．Rangin M. klein D. Roques X. Le Pichon Le Van Trong 孙桂华（译） Ddpartement de Gdotectonique CNRS URA 1759 T26 - 0 Unit＇ ersit - Pierre et Marie Curie 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Paris Cedex 05 France Total la Dffense Paris France Ecole Normale Supdrieure Paris France Petrocietnam Hanoi VietNam 广州海洋地质调查局海洋区域地质调查所

本文利用经过钻井资料校准的地震剖面研究了东京湾海防海域的红河断裂系统。该断裂系统在VinhMirth断层西南部表现为30km宽的狭长的左行走滑带，其运动时间为30Ma-5．5Ma，走滑位移不会超过几十公里，没有识别出5．5Ma之后的右行走滑运... 详细信息

本文利用经过钻井资料校准的地震剖面研究了东京湾海防海域的红河断裂系统。该断裂系统在VinhMirth断层西南部表现为30km宽的狭长的左行走滑带，其运动时间为30Ma-5．5Ma，走滑位移不会超过几十公里，没有识别出5．5Ma之后的右行走滑运动。30Ma之前存在一个100km宽的伸展带，这次伸展作用可能与左行运动有关。30Ma之前，断裂系统在VinhMinh断层东北方向的分叉很可能刻E部湾的裂谷作用所吸收。15．5Ma的不整合将该区张扭体系与晚期的压扭体系分开，这个不整合的年代与南海海底扩张停止的时间是一致的。

关键词：断裂系统东京湾红河越南运动时间伸展作用地震剖面钻井资料

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