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Beyond the gluten-free diet:Innovations in celiac disease therapeutics

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第38期30卷 4194-4210页

作者： Sara Massironi marianna franchina Alessandra Elvevi Donatella Barisani Division of Gastroenterology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Gastroenterology IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriMonza 20900LombardyItaly School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Celiac disease(CD)is an autoimmune disorder exacerbated by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals,leading to intestinal inflammation and *** chronic disease affects approximately 1%of the world’s po-pulation and is a growing health challenge due to its increasing *** development of CD is a complex interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors,especially gluten,culminating in a dysregulated immune *** only effective treatment at present is a strict,lifelong gluten-free ***,adherence to this diet is challenging and often incomplete,so research into alternative therapies has *** advances in under-standing the molecular and immunological aspects of CD have spearheaded the development of novel pharmacologic strategies that should provide more effec-tive and manageable treatment *** review examines the latest inno-vations in CD *** focus is on drugs in advanced clinical phases and targeting specific signaling pathways critical to the disease *** dis-cuss both quantitative strategies such as enzymatic degradation of gluten,and qualitative approaches including immunomodulation and induction of gluten *** treatments currently under investigation include transglu-taminase inhibitors,which prevent the modification of gluten peptides,and nano-particle-based therapies to recalibrate the immune *** new therapies not only promise to improve patient outcomes but are also expected to improve quality of life by reducing the burden of dietary *** integration of these new therapies could revolutionize the treatment of CD and shift the para-digm from strict dietary restrictions to a more flexible and patient-friendly thera-peutic *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the future prospects of CD treatment and emphasizes the importance of continued research and multidisciplinary collab-oration to inte

关键词： Celiac disease Gluten tolerance Enzymatic degradation Therapeutic advances Transglutaminase inhibitors Tight junction modulators

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Impact of gynecological cancers on women’s mental health

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第9期14卷 1294-1300页

作者： Giuseppe Marano marianna Mazza Department of Neurosciences Unit of PsychiatryFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Gynecological cancers and their treatments are associated with both specific and non-specific long-term physiological *** patients face transformations in their lifestyle,body image,role,and social interactions and suffer from physical,psychological,and economic *** mental health of cancer patients is of great importance and requires special attention,as growing evidence demonstrates its influence not only on quality of life but also on treatment *** cancers have peculiar psychological consequences,which are linked to the specificity of the site of the *** should be aware of the importance of protecting the psychophysical health of these patients and the fact that their physical health and quality of life also depend on the quality of their mental *** is possible to structure targeted and effective prevention interventions and treatments to reduce psychological distress and improve the quality of life of subjects living with gynecological cancers.

关键词： Gynecological cancer Psycho-oncology Women Quality of life Psycho-logical distress

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Keep in mind sex differences when prescribing psychotropic drugs

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 194-198页

作者： marianna Mazza Domenico De Berardis Giuseppe Marano Department of Neurosciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Mental Health NHSASL 4 TeramoTeramo 64100Italy

Women represent the majority of patients with psychiatric diagnoses and also the largest users of psychotropic *** are inevitable differences in efficacy,side effects and long-term treatment response between men and *** research needs to develop adequately powered animal and human trials aimed to consider pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of central nervous system drugs in both male and female *** professionals have the responsibility to prescribe sex-specific psychopharmacotherapies with a priority to differentiate between men and women in order to minimize adverse drugs reactions,to maximize therapeutic effectiveness and to provide personalized management of care.

关键词： Women Psychopharmacology Psychotropic drugs Sex differences

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Utilization of spent substrates and waste products of mushroom cultivation to produce new crops of Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus eryngii and Agaricus bisporus

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第2期7卷 50-63,F0004页

作者： marianna Dedousi Eirini-Maria Melanouri Dimitris Karayannis Eleftherios-Ikaros Kaminarides Panagiota Diamantopoulou Laboratory of Edible Fungi Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products(ITAP)Hellenic Agricultural OrganizationDimitra(ELGO-Dimitra)1 S.Venizelou str.14123 LykovryssiAttikiGreece Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food Science and NutritionAgricultural University of Athens75 Iera Odos Str.11855 AthensGreece Green Zin S.A.Agriculture 37008 PaliouriSourpiGreece

Five agro-industrial residues,their corresponding spent mushroom substrates(SMS),commercial fresh and spent mushroom compost of Agaricus(SMC)and Pleurotus ostreatus(SMS GZ)cultivation,Pleurotus and Agaricus waste(stipes/mishappen mushrooms)were combined and re-utilized as novel substrates for the cultivation of ***,*** and *** ***/SMC were used up to 40%(treatment 1 and 2),while 20%of mushroom waste were added in fresh and spent substrates(treatment 3 and 4).The impact of different substrates on mycelial growth rate and biomass production was ***,Pleurotus *** cultivated on the most promising substrates and essential cultivation aspects(earliness,total mushroom yield,biological efficiency-BE)and carposomes’quality parameters(weight,morphological characteristics)were *** and endoglucanase production by Pleurotus species were also determined at 50 and 100%of colonization *** species showed their fastest mycelial growth rate(up to 5 mm/day)on substrates consisted of SMC,whereas many combinations of species/substrate enhanced biomass *** SMS GZ supplementation positively affected laccase activity;in the cultures of *** and *** the highest values were 62,539 and 17,584 U/g d.w.,*** the contrary,small amounts of endoglucanase were produced(0.007 to 0.322 U/g d.w.);the greatest production was recorded for *** at full *** fermentation in bags,significant amount of total mushroom yield was produced in all substrates and those with SMS GZ supported the fastest earliness period and the highest BE for both Pleurotus *** values ranged from 54 to 133%for *** and from 53 to 121%for *** morphological characteristics,mushroom waste addition seemed to affect them *** data included in this paper support the effective re-utilization of different types of SMS and mushroom waste for fungal mass and enzymes’productio

关键词： Oyster mushroom Button mushroom Spent mushroom compost Stipes Misshapen mushrooms Glucosamine Laccase Endoglucanase Earliness Biological efficiency

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Development of deep-learning-based autonomous agents for low-speed maneuvering in Unity

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第3期7卷 229-244页

作者： Riccardo Berta Luca Lazzaroni Alessio Capello marianna Cossu Luca Forneris Alessandro Pighetti Francesco Bellotti Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture Department(DITEN)University of GenoaGenoa 16145Italy

This study provides a systematic analysis of the resource-consuming training of deep reinforcement-learning (DRL) agents for simulated low-speed automated driving (AD). In Unity, this study established two case studies: garage parking and navigating an obstacle-dense area. Our analysis involves training a path-planning agent with real-time-only sensor information. This study addresses research questions insufficiently covered in the literature, exploring curriculum learning (CL), agent generalization (knowledge transfer), computation distribution (CPU vs. GPU), and mapless navigation. CL proved necessary for the garage scenario and beneficial for obstacle avoidance. It involved adjustments at different stages, including terminal conditions, environment complexity, and reward function hyperparameters, guided by their evolution in multiple training attempts. Fine-tuning the simulation tick and decision period parameters was crucial for effective training. The abstraction of high-level concepts (e.g., obstacle avoidance) necessitates training the agent in sufficiently complex environments in terms of the number of obstacles. While blogs and forums discuss training machine learning models in Unity, a lack of scientific articles on DRL agents for AD persists. However, since agent development requires considerable training time and difficult procedures, there is a growing need to support such research through scientific means. In addition to our findings, we contribute to the R&D community by providing our environment with open sources.

关键词： automated driving autonomous agents deep reinforcement learning curriculum learning modeling and simulation

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Short-term solar eruptive activity prediction models based on machine learning approaches: A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Xin HUANG Zhongrui ZHAO Yufeng ZHONG Long XU marianna B.KORSóS R.ERDéLYI Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Cellular Exploration Science and Technology Center Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana” Università di Catania Department of Astronomy E?tv?s Loránd University Hungarian Solar Physics Foundation Solar Physics & Space Plasma Research Center (SP2RC) School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sheffield

Solar eruptive activities, mainly including solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CME), and solar proton events (SPE),have an important impact on space weather and our technosphere. The short-term solar eruptive activity prediction is an active field of research in the space weather prediction. Numerical, statistical, and machine learning methods are proposed to build prediction models of the solar eruptive activities. With the development of space-based and ground-based facilities, a large amount of observational data of the Sun is accumulated, and data-driven prediction models of solar eruptive activities have made a significant progress. In this review, we briefly introduce the machine learning algorithms applied in solar eruptive activity prediction, summarize the prediction modeling process, overview the progress made in the field of solar eruptive activity prediction model, and look forward to the possible directions in the future.

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Reconsidering the role of depression and common psychiatric disorders as partners in the type 2 diabetes epidemic

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1374-1380页

作者： Angelo Emilio Claro Clelia Palanza marianna Mazza Alessandro Rizzi Andrea Corsello Linda Tartaglione Giuseppe Marano Giovanna Elsa Ute Muti Schuenemann Marta Rigoni Alfredo Pontecorvi Luigi Janiri Paola Muti Dario Pitocco Diabetes Care Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Istituto Italiano di Antropologia ISItARome 00100Italy Unit of Psychiatry Department of NeurosciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact DepartmentMcMaster UniversityOntario 1280Canada Department of Endocrine-Metabolic and Dermo-Rheumatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Common psychiatric disorders(CPDs)and depression contribute significantly to the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes(T2D).We postulated a possible pathophysiological mechanism that through Bridge-Symptoms present in depression and CPDs,promotes the establishment of emotional eating,activation of the reward system,onset of overweight and obesity and,ultimately the increased risk of developing *** plausibility of the proposed pathophysiological mechanism is supported by the mechanism of action of drugs such as naltrexonebupropion currently approved for the treatment of both obesity/overweight with T2D and as separate active pharmaceutical ingredients in drug addiction,but also from initial evidence that is emerging regarding glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists that appear to be effective in the treatment of drug *** hope that our hypothesis may be useful in interpreting the higher prevalence of CPDs and depression in patients with T2D compared with the general population and may help refine the integrated psychiatric-diabetic therapy approach to improve the treatment and or remission of T2D.

关键词： Depression Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Diabetes mellitus type 2 Stress psychological Sleep wake disorders Food addiction

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基于机器学习方法的短期太阳爆发活动预报模型:综述

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中国科学:地球科学 2024年

作者：黄鑫赵忠瑞钟昱丰徐龙 marianna B.KORSóS R.ERDéLYI 宁波大学信息科学与工程学院中国科学院空间天气学国家重点实验室国家空间科学中心中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院北京元胞探索科技中心 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“Ettore Majorana” Universitàdi Catania Department of Astronomy E?tv?s Loránd University Hungarian Solar Physics Foundation Solar Physics&Space Plasma Research Center (SP2RC) School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of Sheffield

太阳爆发活动主要包括太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射(coronal mass ejections, CME)和太阳质子事件(solar proton events, SPE),太阳爆发活动对空间天气和高技术领域有重要影响.太阳爆发活动短期预报是空间天气预报中一个活跃的研究领域.目前... 详细信息

太阳爆发活动主要包括太阳耀斑、日冕物质抛射(coronal mass ejections, CME)和太阳质子事件(solar proton events, SPE),太阳爆发活动对空间天气和高技术领域有重要影响.太阳爆发活动短期预报是空间天气预报中一个活跃的研究领域.目前,数值的、统计的和机器学习的方法被用来建立太阳爆发活动预报模型.随着天基和地基观测设备的发展,积累了大量的太阳观测数据,数据驱动的太阳爆发活动预报模型取得了重大进展.本文介绍了机器学习算法在太阳爆发活动预报中的应用,总结了预报建模过程,概述了太阳爆发活动预报模型的进展,并展望了未来可能的研究方向.

关键词：太阳耀斑日冕物质抛射太阳质子事件机器学习预报模型

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Burril-Bernard Crohn(1884-1983)and the disease which bears his name

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History & Philosophy of Medicine 2024年第4期6卷 16-23页

作者： Georgios Androutsos Konstantinos Laios Pavlos Lytsikas-Sarlis Evangelia Mourellou Constantinos Georgios Zografos Gregory Tsoucalas marianna Karamanou School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Department of History of Medicine and Medical Ethics School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Graduate School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Department of the History of Medicine and Medical Deontology School of MedicineUniversity of CreteHeraklion 71003Greece Surgery Department School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Background:Crohn’s disease,described by *** Crohn and his colleagues in 1932,continues to be of great research and clinical *** was initially perceived as a distinct condition and it has evolved since into a complex disease,with debates still going regarding its classification and *** though more that 80 years of research have passed,numerous significant questions regarding the disease’s causes and best possible treatment strategies still ***:This article reviews both historical and contemporary perspectives on Crohn’s disease,including its initial description,the research developments that happened in the years to follow,as well as the way it is regarded *** refers to notable contributions from medical figures,such as *** and his colleagues,examines related advances made in medical research and mentions the challenges and the treatment strategies that are still being ***:This article highlights the evolution of Crohn’s disease from a distinct condition to a more heterogeneous ***,it refers to advancements made in medical research,such as the identification of CARD15(NOD2)gene mutations and the role of dysbiosis,and it examines current therapeutic ***:Even though significant progress has been made since the initial description of Chron’s disease,there is no definitive cure,even though it has been determined that genetic and environmental factors are of great *** ongoing research could possibly lead to future discoveries and therefore aid in the discovery of efficient management and treatment of Crohn’s disease.

关键词： regional ileitis granulomatous inflammation endoscopic evaluation historical figures

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Advancing prognostic understanding in hepatocellular carcinoma through the integration of genomic instability and lncRNA signatures: GILncSig model

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第9期16卷 2774-2777页

作者： Marco Bocchetti Gabriella Misso Silvia Zappavigna marianna Scrima Michele Caraglia Francesca Pentimalli Alessia Maria Cossu Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy Department of Molecular and Precision Oncology Biogem ScarlInstitute of Genetic ResearchAriano Irpino 83031Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery LUM University Giuseppe De GennaroCasamassima 70010Italy

The recently published study by Duan et al introduces a promising method that combines genomic instability and long non-coding RNAs to improve the prognostic evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a deadly cancer associated with considerable morbidity and *** editorial aims to analyze the methodology,key findings,and broader implications of the study within the fields of gastroenterology and oncological surgery,highlighting the shift towards precision medicine in the management of HCC.

关键词： Genomic instability Long non-coding RNA Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis

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