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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第32期14卷 5046-5050页

作者： Leonardo Tammaro maria carla di paolo Angelo Zullo Cesare Hassan Sergio Morini SebastianoCaliendo Lorella Pallotta Gastroenterology and digestiveEndoscopy Ⅱ "San Giovanni Addolorata" Hospital Gastroentero-logy and digestive Endoscopy "Nuovo Regina Margherita"Hospital

AIM: To investigate in a prospective study whether a simplifi ed clinical score prior to endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) patients was able to predict endoscopic findings at urgent endoscopy. METHODS: All consecutive UGIB patients referred to a single endoscopic center during a 16 mo period were enrolled. Before endoscopy patients were strati- fied according to a simple clinical score (T-score), including T1 (high-risk), T2 (intermediate-risk) and T3 (low-risk). Endoscopy was performed in all cases within 2 h, and high-risk stigmata were considered for further analysis. RESULTS: Out of the 436 patients included into the study, 126 (29%) resulted to be T1, 135 (31%) T2, and 175 (40%) T3. Overall, stigmata of recent haem-orrhage (SRH) were detected in 118 cases (27%). SRH occurred more frequently in T1 patients than in T2/T3 cases (85% vs 3.2%; χ2 = 304.5309, P dities (χ2 = 14.7458; P dings which may deserve urgent endoscopy. A further,randomised study is needed to assess its accuracy in safely scheduling endoscopy in UGIB patients.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Urgentendoscopy Timing score Endoscopic treatment Oesophageal varices Peptic ulcer

High-fibre diet and Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5918-5924页

作者： Edith Lahner Gianluca Esposito Angelo Zullo Cesare Hassan Claudio Cannaviello maria carla di paolo Lorella Pallotta Nicoletta Garbagna Enzo Grossi Bruno Annibale Department of digestive and Liver disease University SapienzaRome 2nd Medical SchoolSant'Andrea Hospital00189 RomeItaly Ospedale Nuovo Regina Margherita 00189 RomeItaly Gastroenterology Unit Ospedale Israelitico00148 RomeItaly Gastroenterology Unit Ospedale San Giovanni00184 RomeItaly Medical Department Bracco Spa 20134 MilanItaly

AIM： To investigate in symptomatic uncomplicated di- verticular disease the efficacy of symbiotics associated with a high-fibre diet on abdominal symptoms. METHODS： This study was a multicentre, 6-too ran- domized, controlled, parallel-group intervention with a preceding 4-wk washout period. Consecutive out- patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease, aged 40-80 years, evaluated in 4 Gastroenterology Units, were enrolled. Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease patients were randomized to two treatment arms A or B. Treatment A （n = 24 patients） received 1 symbiotic sachet Flortec~ （Lactobacillus paracasei B21060） once daily plus high-fibre diet for 6 mo. Treatment B （n = 21 patients） received high-fibre diet alone for 6 rno. The primary endpoint was regres- sion of abdominal symptoms and change of symptom severity after 3 and 6 mo of treatment. RESULTS： In group A, the proportion of patients with abdominal pain 〈 24 h decreased from 100% at base- line to 35% and 25% after 3 and 6 mo, respectively （P 〈 0.001）. In group B the proportion of patients with this symptom decreased from 90.5% at baseline to 61.9% and 38.1% after 3 and 6 mo, respectively （P = 0.001）. Symptom improvement became statistically sig- nificant at 3 and 6 mo in group A and B, respectively. The proportion of patients with abdominal pain 〉24 h decreased from 60% to 20% then 5% after 3 and 6 too, respectively in group A （P 〈 0.001） and from 33.3% to 9.5% at both 3 and 6 mo in group B （P = 0.03）. In group A the proportion of patients with ab- dominal bloating significantly decreased from 95% to 60% after 3 mo, and remained stable （65%） at 6-mo follow-up （P = 0.005） while in group B, no significant changes in abdominal bloating was observed （P = 0.11）. After 6 mo of treatment, the mean visual analogic scale （VAS） values of both short-lasting abdominal pain （VAS, mean ± SD, group A： 4.6 ± 2.1 vs 2.2 ± 0.8, P = 0.02; group B： 4.6 ± 2.9 vs 2.0 ± 1.9, P = 0.03） and abdom- inal bloat

关键词： Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticulardisease Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 Probiotics Symbiotics diverticular disease High-fibre diet

Shear-wave elastography to predict hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1450-1460页

作者： Giorgio Esposto paolo Santini Linda Galasso Irene Mignini maria Elena Ainora Antonio Gasbarrini maria Assunta Zocco CEMAD digestive disease Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario“A.Gemelli”IRCCSCatholic University of RomeRome 00168Italy Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS-UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

BACKGROUND direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs)are highly effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C(CHC)with a significant rate of sustained virologic response(SVR).The achievement of SVR is crucial to prevent additional liver damage and slow down fibrosis *** assessment of fibrosis degree can be performed with transient elastography,magnetic resonance elastography or shear-wave elastography(SWE).Liver elastography could function as a predictor for hepato-cellular carcinoma(HCC)in CHC patients treated with *** To explore the predictive value of SWE for HCC development after complete clearance of hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the ability of SWE to predict HCC occurrence after HCV *** accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was *** At baseline and after 12 wk of follow-up,a trend was shown towards greater liver stiffness(LS)in those who go on to develop HCC compared to those who do not[baseline LS standardized mean difference(SMD):1.15,95%confidence interval(95%CI):020-2.50;LS SMD after 12 wk:0.83,95%CI:0.33-1.98].The absence of a statistically significant difference between the mean LS in those who developed HCC or not may be related to the inability to correct for confounding factors and the absence of raw source *** was a statist-ically significant LS SMD at 24 wk of follow-up between patients who developed HCC vs not(0.64;95%CI:0.04-1.24).CONCLUSION SWE could be a promising tool for prediction of HCC occurrence in patients treated with *** studies with larger cohorts and standardized timing of elastographic evaluation are needed to confirm these data.

关键词： Shear-wave elastography Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Sustained virologic response

Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2804-2815页

作者： Giorgio Esposto paolo Santini Fabrizio Termite Linda Galasso Irene Mignini maria Elena Ainora Antonio Gasbarrini maria Assunta Zocco Department of CEMAD digestive disease Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSCatholic University of RomeRome 00168Italy Department of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Department of Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

BACKGROUND Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and other liver cancer(*** or metastasis)is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histological *** patterns of enhancement and wash-out of liver nodules can be used to stratify the risk of malignancy only in cirrhotic patients and HCC frequently shows atypical *** contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCEUS)with standardized software could help to overcome these obstacles,providing functional and quantitative parameters and potentially improving accuracy in the evaluation of tumor *** To explore clinical evidence regarding the application of DCEUS in the differential diagnosis of liver *** A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the parameters of DCEUS that could relate to histological *** accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was *** Rise time was significantly higher in HCC patients with a standardized mean difference(SMD)of 0.83(95%CI:0.48-1.18).Similarly,other statistically significant parameters were mean transit time local with a SMD of 0.73(95%CI:0.20-1.27),peak enhancement with a SMD of 0.37(95%CI:0.03-0.70),area wash-in area under the curve with a SMD of 0.47(95%CI:0.13-0.81),wash-out area under the curve with a SMD of 0.55(95%CI:0.21-0.89)and wash-in and wash-out area under the curve with SMD of 0.51(95%CI:0.17-0.85).SMD resulted not significant in fall time and wash-in rate,but the latter presented a trend towards greater values in HCC compared to intrahepatic *** DCEUS could improve non-invasive diagnosis of HCC,leading to less liver biopsy and early *** quantitative analysis needs to be applied on larger cohorts to confirm these preliminary results.

关键词： Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound Hepatocellular carcinoma Intracellular cholangiocarcinoma Quantitative ultrasound Liver cancer Time-intensity curve

Methane cracking in molten tin for hydrogen and carbon production—a comparison with homogeneous gas phase process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 155-166页

作者： Emmanuel Busillo Benedetta de Caprariis maria Paola Bracciale Vittoria Cosentino Martina Damizia Gaetano Iaquaniello Emma Palo paolo De Filippis Chemical Engineering Department Sapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy NextChem S.p.A. Rome 00156Italy

Methane cracking is considered a bridge technology between gray and green hydrogen production *** this work an experimental study of methane cracking in molten tin is *** tests were conducted in a quartz reactor(i.d.=1.5 cm,L=20 cm)with capillary injection,varying temperature(950–1070℃),inlet methane flow rate(30–60 mL·min^(-1))and tin height(0–20 cm).The influence of the residence time in the tin and in the headspace on methane conversion and on carbon morphology was *** conversions obtained in tin and in the empty reactor were measured and compared with results of detailed kinetic simulations(CRECK).Furthermore,an expression of a global kinetic constant for methane conversion in tin was also *** highest conversion(65%at Q_(0)=30 mL·min^(-1) and t=1070℃)is obtained for homogeneous gas phase reaction due to the long residence time(70 s),the presence of tin leads to a sharp decrease of residence time(1 s),obtaining a conversion of 35%at 1070℃,thus meaning that tin owns a role in the *** characterization(scanning electron microscopy,Raman)reported a change in carbon toward sheet-like structures and an increase of the carbon structural order in the presence of molten tin media.

关键词： methane cracking molten media H2 production carbon morphology

Role of glioma stem cells in promoting tumor chemo- and radioresistance: A systematic review of potential targeted treatments

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 604-614页

作者： Edoardo Agosti Marco Zeppieri Mattia Ghidoni Tamara Ius Alessandro Tel Marco maria Fontanella Pier paolo Panciani division of Neurosurgery Department of Medical and Surgical SpecialtiesRadiological Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBrescia 25123Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Neurosurgery Unit Department of Head-Neck and NeuroScienceUniversity Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Head-Neck and NeuroScienceUniversity Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Gliomas pose a significant challenge to effective treatment despite advancements in chemotherapy and *** stem cells(GSCs),a subset within tumors,contribute to resistance,tumor heterogeneity,and *** studies reveal GSCs’role in therapeutic resistance,driven by DNA repair mechanisms and dynamic transitions between cellular *** mechanisms can involve different cellular pathways,most of which have been recently reported in the *** progress,targeted therapeutic approaches lack consensus due to GSCs’high *** To analyze targeted therapies against GSC-mediated resistance to radio-and chemotherapy in gliomas,focusing on underlying *** A systematic search was conducted across major medical databases(PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library)up to September 30,*** search strategy utilized relevant Medical Subject Heading terms and keywords related to including“glioma stem cells”,“radiotherapy”,“chemotherapy”,“resistance”,and“targeted therapies”.Studies included in this review were publications focusing on targeted therapies against the molecular mechanism of GSC-mediated re-sistance to radiotherapy resistance(RTR).RESULTS In a comprehensive review of 66 studies on stem cell therapies for SCI,452 papers were initially identified,with 203 chosen for full-text *** them,201 were deemed eligible after excluding 168 for various *** temporal breakdown of studies illustrates this trend:2005-2010(33.3%),2011-2015(36.4%),and 2016-2022(30.3%).Key GSC models,particularly U87(33.3%),U251(15.2%),and T98G(15.2%),emerge as significant in research,reflecting their representativeness of glioma *** analysis indicates a focus on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)(27.3%)and Notch(12.1%)pathways,suggesting their crucial roles in resistance *** molecules with mTOR(18.2%),CHK1/2(15.2%),and ATP binding cassette

关键词： Glioma stem cells Chemoresistance Radioresistance Molecular pathways Targeted therapies Systematic review

Gate-controlled supercurrent effect in dry-etched Dayem bridges of non-centrosymmetric niobium rhenium

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6575-6581页

作者： Jennifer Koch carla Cirillo Sebastiano Battisti Leon Ruf Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki Alessandro Paghi Armen Gulian Serafim Teknowijoyo Giorgio De Simoni Francesco Giazotto Carmine Attanasio Elke Scheer Angelo di Bernardo Department of Physics University of KonstanzUniversitätsstraße 1078464 KonstanzGermany CNR-Spin c/o Universitàdegli Studi di Salernovia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza San Silvestro 1256127 PisaItaly dipartimento di Fisica“E.R.Caianiello” Universitàdegli Studi di SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II 13284084 Fisciano(SA)Italy Advanced Physics Laboratory Institute for Quantum StudiesChapman UniversityBurtonsvilleMD 20866USA

The application of a gate voltage to control the superconducting current flowing through a nanoscale superconducting constriction,named as gate-controlled supercurrent(GCS),has raised great interest for fundamental and technological *** gain a deeper understanding of this effect and develop superconducting technologies based on it,the material and physical parameters crucial for the GCS effect must be ***-down fabrication protocols should also be optimized to increase device scalability,although studies suggest that top-down fabricated devices are more resilient to show a ***,we investigate gated superconducting nanobridges made with a top-down fabrication process from thin films of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor niobium rhenium with varying ratios of the constituents(NbRe).Unlike other devices previously reported and made with a top-down approach,our NbRe devices systematically exhibit a GCS effect when they were fabricated from NbRe thin films with small grain size and etched in specific *** observations pave the way for the realization of top-down-made GCS devices with high *** results also imply that physical parameters like structural disorder and surface physical properties of the nanobridges,which can be in turn modified by the fabrication process,are crucial for a GCS observation,providing therefore also important insights into the physics underlying the GCS effect.

关键词： superconductivity non-centrosymmetric superconductors superconducting devices gated devices gate-controlled supercurrent top-down fabrication

Current status and future perspectives on stem cell transplantation for spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 189-209页

作者： Edoardo Agosti Marco Zeppieri Andrea Pagnoni Marco maria Fontanella Alessandro Fiorindi Tamara Ius Pier paolo Panciani division of Neurosurgery Department of Medical and Surgical SpecialtiesRadiological Sciences and Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBrescia 25123Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties Radiological Sciencesand Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBrescia 25123BSItaly Neurosurgery Unit Head-Neck and NeuroScience DepartmentUniversity Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

BACKGROUND Previous assessments of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries(SCI)have encountered challenges and *** research primarily emphasizes safety in early-phase clinical trials,while systematic reviews prioritize effectiveness,often overlooking safety and translational *** situation prompts inquiries regarding the readiness for clinical *** To offer an up-to-date systematic literature review of clinical trial results concerning stem cell therapy for *** A systematic search was conducted across major medical databases[PubMed,Embase,Reference Citation Analysis(RCA),and Cochrane Library]up to October 14,*** search strategy utilized relevant Medical Subject Heading(MeSH)terms and keywords related to"spinal cord","injury","clinical trials","stem cells","functional outcomes",and"adverse events".Studies included in this review consisted of randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials reporting on the use of stem cell therapies for the treatment of *** In a comprehensive review of 66 studies on stem cell therapies for SCI,496 papers were initially identified,with 237 chosen for full-text *** them,236 were deemed eligible after excluding 170 for various *** studies encompassed 1086 patients with varying SCI levels,with cervical injuries being the most common(42.2%).Bone marrow stem cells were the predominant stem cell type used(71.1%),with various administration ***-up durations averaged around 84.4 *** 32.7%of patients showed functional improvement from American spinal injury association Impairment Scale(AIS)A to B,40.8%from AIS A to C,5.3%from AIS A to D,and 2.1%from AIS B to *** improvements were observed in 30.9%of patients.A relatively small number of adverse events were recorded,including fever(15.1%),headaches(4.3%),muscle tension(3.1%),and dizziness(2.6%),highlighting the potential for SCI recovery with stem cell *** In

关键词： Spinal cord injury Stem cell therapy Adverse events Functional outcomes Systematic review

Melanocortin 3,5 receptors immunohistochemical expression in colonic mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease patients:A matter of disease activity?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1132-1142页

作者： Antonietta Gerarda Gravina Iacopo Panarese maria Consiglia Trotta Michele D'Amico Raffaele Pellegrino Franca Ferraraccio Marilena Galdiero Roberto Alfano paolo Grieco Alessandro Federico Hepatogastroenterology division Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Pathology division Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Experimental Medicine Division of PharmacologyUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences(DAMSS) University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy

BACKGROUND Melanocortin 3 and 5 receptors(i.e.,MC3R and MC5R)belong to the melanocortin ***,data regarding their role in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are currently *** This study aims to ascertain their expression profiles in the colonic mucosa of Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),aligning them with IBD disease endoscopic and histologic *** Colonic mucosal biopsies from CD/UC patients were sampled,and immunohisto-chemical analyses were conducted to evaluate the expression of MC3R and *** sampling was performed on both traits with endoscopic scores(Mayo endoscopic score and CD endoscopic index of severity)consistent with inflamed mucosa and not consistent with disease activity(i.e.,normal appearing mucosa).RESULTS In both CD and UC inflamed mucosa,MC3R(CD:+7.7 fold vs normal mucosa,Pdiffer according to disease endoscopic activity,with a higher degree of expression in the traits affected by disease activity in both CD and UC,suggesting a potential use of these receptors in IBD pharmacology.

关键词： Melanocortin 3 receptor Melanocortin 5 receptor Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease

Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 579-598页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Caroline Tianeze de Castro Marcel Silva Luz Gabriel Reis Rocha Gabriel Lima Correa Santos Luís Guilherme de Oliveira Silva mariana Santos Calmon Cláudio Lima Souza Ana carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Dulciene maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Instituto de Saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919-899ParanáBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology UFMGBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection has been well-established as a significant risk factor for several gastrointestinal *** urea breath test(UBT)has emerged as a leading non-invasive method for detecting *** numerous studies confirming its substantial accuracy,the reliability of UBT results is often compromised by inherent *** findings underscore the need for a rigorous statistical synthesis to clarify and reconcile the diagnostic accuracy of the UBT for the diagnosis of *** *** To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT for *** infection in adult patients with *** We conducted an independent search of the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Cochrane Central databases until April *** search included diagnostic accuracy studies that evaluated at least one of the index tests(^(13)C-UBT or ^(14)C-UBT)against a reference *** used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the methodo-logical quality of the *** utilized the bivariate random-effects model to calculate sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative test likelihood ratios(LR+and LR-),as well as the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),and their 95%confidence *** conducted subgroup analyses based on urea dosing,time after urea administration,and assessment *** investigate a possible threshold effect,we conducted Spearman correlation analysis,and we generated summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)curves to assess ***,we visually inspected a funnel plot and used Egger’s test to evaluate publication *** both as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical *** In summary,our study has demonstrated that ^(13)C-UBT has been found to outperform the ^(14)C-UBT,making it the preferred diagnostic ***,our results emphasize the significance of carefully considering urea dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both tests to enh

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test diagnosis diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis