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Optimal flow conditions of a tracheobronchial model to reengineer lung structures

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第2期33卷 284-294页

作者： Stefano Casarin Federico Aletti Giuseppe Baselli marc.Garbey LASIE UMR CNTS Univeristy of La Rochelle La Rochelle France Houston Methodist Hospital Research Institute Houston TX USA Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy

The high demand for lung transplants cannot be matched by an adequate number of lungs from donors. Since fully ex-novo lungs are far from being feasible, tissue engineering is actively considering implantation of engineered lungs where the devitalized structure of a donor is used as scaffold to be repopulated by stem cells of the receiving patient. A decellularized donated lung is treated inside a bioreactor where transport through the tracheobronchial tree (TBT) will allow for both deposition of stem cells and nourishment for their subsequent growth, thus developing new lung tissue. The key concern is to set optimally the boundary conditions to utilize in the bioreactor. We propose a predictive model of slow liquid ventilation, which combines a one-dimensional (1-D) mathematical model of the TBT and a solute deposition model strongly dependent on fluid velocity across the tree. With it, we were able to track and drive the concentration of a generic solute across the airways, looking for its optimal distribution. This was given by properly adjusting the pumps’ regime serving the bioreactor. A feedback system, created by coupling the two models, allowed us to derive the optimal pattern. The TBT model can be easily invertible, thus yielding a straightforward flow/pressure law at the inlet to optimize the efficiency of the bioreactor.

关键词： Bioreactor Lung rehabilitation Network flow Tissue engineering Transport of solute

＂LOCK＂ing up allergic responses with a Polish probiotic

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第2期13卷 263-264页

作者： Yuying Liu marc.Rhoads Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroen-terology The University of Texas Health ScienceCenter at Houston Medical School HoustonTexas 77030 USA

Three relatively new lactobacillus species that were developed from fecal samples of a 26-year-old woman （LOCK0900）, a 6-year-old girl （LOCK 0908）, and a 5-year-old boy （LOCK 0919） have been studied by Kozakova ... 详细信息

关键词：内皮缩血管肽类乳杆菌属有益菌种

Gut homeostasis, injury, and healing: New therapeutic targets

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1725-1750页

作者： Sema Oncel marc.D Basson Department of Biomedical Sciences University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksND 58202United States Department of Surgery University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksND 58202United States Department of Pathology University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksND 58202United States

The integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa plays a crucial role in gut homeostasis,which depends upon the balance between mucosal injury by destructive factors and healing via protective *** persistence of noxious agents such as acid,pepsin,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,or Helicobacter pylori breaks down the mucosal barrier and injury *** upon the size and site of the wound,it is healed by complex and overlapping processes involving membrane resealing,cell spreading,purse-string contraction,restitution,differentiation,angiogenesis,and vasculogenesis,each modulated by extracellular ***,the gut does not always heal,leading to such pathology as peptic ulcers or inflammatory bowel *** available therapeutics such as proton pump inhibitors,histamine-2 receptor antagonists,sucralfate,5-aminosalicylate,antibiotics,corticosteroids,and immunosuppressants all attempt to minimize or reduce injury to the gastrointestinal *** recent studies have focused on improving mucosal defense or directly promoting mucosal *** investigations have sought to enhance mucosal defense by stimulating mucus secretion,mucosal blood flow,or tight junction ***,new attempts to directly promote mucosal repair target proteins that modulate cytoskeleton dynamics such as tubulin,talin,Ehm^(2),filamin-a,gelsolin,and flightless I or that proteins regulate focal adhesions dynamics such as focal adhesion *** article summarizes the pathobiology of gastrointestinal mucosal healing and reviews potential new therapeutic targets.

关键词： Intestine Mucosa Repair Restitution Sheet migration Stomach ulcer

Effect of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 on disease severity and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第7期28卷 732-744页

作者： Jean-marc.Sabaté Franck Iglicki Department of Gastroenterology Hôpital AvicenneAP-HPSorbonne Paris NordBobigny 93000France INSERM U-987 Pathophysiology and Clinical Pharmacology of PainAmbroise ParéHospitalBoulogne-Billancourt 92100France allée Léon Gambetta Clichy 92110France

BACKGROUND Bifidobacterium longum 35624 has shown efficacy in improving irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)symptoms compared with placebo in double-blind randomized ***,few data are available from real-life clinical practice or from studies that used Rome IV criteria to diagnose *** To assess the effect of *** 35624 on IBS severity and quality of life in a reallife *** From November 2018 to January 2020,278 patients with IBS(according to Rome IV criteria)were enrolled in a prospective,open-label,multicenter observational study by private practice gastroenterologists to received one capsule of *** 35624(10^(9) colony-forming units)per day for 30 *** in the study was independently proposed to patients during spontaneous *** severity(assessed by the IBS severity scoring system)and patient quality of life(assessed by the IBS quality of life questionnaire)were compared between the inclusion visit(baseline)and the visit at the end of 30 d of *** characteristics of patients were described at *** variables comparisons between inclusion and end-of-treatment visits were performed using the t-test and Kruskal-Wallis *** variables comparisons were performed using theχ^(2) *** total of 233 patients,with a mean age of 51.4 years and composed of 71.2%women,were included in the *** these patients,48.1%had moderate IBS and 46.4%had severe *** a 30-d treatment period with one *** 35624 capsule per day,a significant decrease in IBS severity was observed compared to baseline(mean±SD,IBS severity scoring system scores:208±104 vs 303±81,P<0.001)and 57%of patients moved to lower severity categories or achieved *** quality of life of patients was also improved by the treatment(IBS Quality of Life questionnaire score:68.8±20.9 vs 60.2±20.5;P<0.001)and 63.8%of patients were satisfied with the *** Thirty days of treatment with *** 35624

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Probiotics Bifidobacterium longum Quality of life Severity of illness index Abdominal pain

Effect of slab width on choice of appropriate casting speed in steel production

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第1期29卷 71-79页

作者： Daniel Christopher Merten marc.Thorsten Hütt Yilmaz Uygun Department of Mathematics and Logistics Jacobs University BremenBremen 28759Germany Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University BremenBremen 28759Germany

In steel continuous casting(CC),the choice of the appropriate speed at which the slab is cast can be influenced by many different factors and *** the slab thickness seems to have the biggest impact,other features like the slab width have been consistently *** fact,the slab width practically limits the casting speed via the mass flow constraint which governs the input and output balance at the ***,we present a case study that aims at analyzing steel production data from the perspective of casting speed *** studying the speed fluctuations of an industrial CC machine,we identify a strategic regime change toward a stricter consideration of the mass flow *** regime change manifests itself in a significant increase in the correlation between the actual casting speed and the maximal speed associated with the mass flow *** the surface,taking greater account of the input and output balance at the tundish has reduced the productivity of the continuous caster;however,one can argue that the lessened yield is compensated by a diminished risk of eventual slab *** the perspective of this trade-off,we establish a visualization technique that enables us to pinpoint the boundary beyond which one strategic regime becomes economically more advantageous than the other.

关键词： Continuous casting Casting speed Slab width Slab thickness Mass flow constraint Machine length constraint

Brief History of Chinese Medicine in France

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2018年第3期1卷 103-107页

作者： marc.Mezard European University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vietnamese Institute of Traditional Medicine

In the 17th century,Chinese medicine appeared in France;since then,it never stopped evolving and is applied by French ***,acupuncture is widely used in clinic treatment in France.

关键词： Chinese acupuncture Chinese medicine France

3D topological relationships of landforms and their spatial schema-based representation

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2013年第4期16卷 238-246页

作者： marc.O.LÖWNER Institute for Geodesy and Photogrammetry Technische Universität BraunschweigPockelsstraβe 330106 BraunschweigGermany

The science of geomorphology works on natural 3D *** includes the change of landforms as well as the processes causing these *** transport processes lead to a composition of a geomorphic system that follows a certain spatial *** analysis of 3D topological relations of landforms can help to investigate geomorphic systems in two ***,chronological order of geomorphic genesis can be derived and,second,indications of material source can be ***,at least some 3D geometric information is needed if topology is supposed to be derived and *** cannot simply be reconstructed by surface *** capture is a major problem when buried features are under *** information is gathered by drillings or geophysical methods that reveal point or line ***,the ISO 19107 Spatial Schema does not offer a valid representation of 3D geometry from sparse data,either by aggregating a surface and one or few points or by aggregating a surface and a ***,we discuss the possibilities for the analysis of chronological order of landform genesis and material dependencies that arise from applying 3D topological relationships to geomorphic system *** show five relationships that are able to be observed in ***,we introduce a new class for the representation of 3D objects with under-specified geometry.A_UG_Solid mediates between the Spatial Schema’s geometric primitives with a dimension less than three on the one side and a GM_Solid on the other *** to aggregate such a_UG_Solid are *** introduction of a_UG_Solid facilitates the application of 3D topological concepts to geometric objects that are known to be volumetric but have to be modeled from sparse data.

关键词： 3D Topology geomorphology landform ISO 19107 spatial schema under-specified geometries

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与前列腺癌长期共存

环球科学 2024年第17期 54-59页

作者：马克·B.加尼克安君(翻译) 美国哈佛大学医学院贝斯·以色列女执事医疗中心(BIDMC) 不详

长期以来,如何诊断和治疗前列腺癌一直是医疗界备受争论的难题,至今尚无定论。其中一个典型的案例是前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)检测。这是一种血液检查,能检测指示性蛋白PSA的水平,可用于没有临床症状的前列腺癌... 详细信息

长期以来,如何诊断和治疗前列腺癌一直是医疗界备受争论的难题,至今尚无定论。其中一个典型的案例是前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)检测。这是一种血液检查,能检测指示性蛋白PSA的水平,可用于没有临床症状的前列腺癌患者的早期筛查。

关键词：早期筛查医疗界前列腺特异性抗原前列腺癌血液检查指示性临床症状 PSA

Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012年第4期6卷 431-436页

作者： marc.SMITH Hydro Québec 75 René-LévesqueWest MontrealCanada

A zoned embankment dam is founded on clay underlain by a sand *** seepage phenomena were noticed in the foundation downstream from the dam where the vertical seepage forces in the sand layer were expected to exceed the downward forces due to the overlying *** technologies were applied to delineate critical zones to help design optimal rehabilitation measures.A global electromagnetic survey was carried out to detect and map the main sources,pathways and exits of *** on these global findings,a more detailed analysis was then conducted to identify zones where thickness of the foundation clay is minimal,pore pressures in sand are higher and thus where the factor of safety against uplift is lower and internal erosion is more likely to *** thickness evaluation required the determination of land surface as well as clay-sand contact elevations.A laser airborne survey was performed to model the land surface *** concerning the clay-sand contact elevation came from the interpreted stratigraphy based on a series of boreholes and cone penetration *** data was combined in a geostatistical model along with the measured piezometric levels in the *** resulted in a contour map showing factors of safety against uplift over the entire downstream *** use of modern technologies,namely electromagnetic and laser surveys as well as geostatistical tools,was instrumental in defining the limits of an otherwise spread-out problem and to provide an optimal solution,in terms of costs and effectiveness,for the long-term stabilization of the foundation.

关键词： seepage detection geostatistical analysis dam monitoring internal erosion LIDAR survey