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Hepatocellular carcinoma and microbiota:Implications for clinical management and treatment

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1319-1332页

作者： Dario Spanu Andrea Pretta Eleonora Lai mara Persano Clelia Donisi Stefano Mariani Marco Dubois Marco Migliari Giorgio Saba Pina Ziranu Valeria Pusceddu Marco Puzzoni Giorgio Astara Mario Scartozzi Medical Oncology Unit University Hospital and University of CagliariMonserrato 09042CagliariItaly

Gut microbiota plays an essential role in host *** is involved in several physiological processes such as nutrients digestion and absorption,maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and immune system *** the gut microbiota is assumed to play a crucial role in many gastrointestinal,pancreatic and liver *** role in hepatic carcinogenesis is also gaining increasing interest,especially regarding the development of therapeutic *** studies are highlighting a link between some bacterial strains and liver disease,including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Indeed,HCC represents an interesting field of research in this perspective,due to the gut-liver axis,to the implication of microbiota in the immune system and to the increasing number of immunotherapy agents investigated in this ***,the assessment of the role of microbiota in influencing clinical outcome for patients treated with these drugs is becoming of increasing *** review aims to give an overview on the relationship between microbiota and HCC development/progression and *** focus on potential implications on the available treatment strategies and those under study in the various stages of *** highlight the pathogenic mechanisms and investigate the underlying molecular pathways ***,we investigate the potential prognostic and/or predictive role of microbiota for target therapies,immune checkpoint inhibitors and loco-regional ***,given the limitation of current treatments,we analyze the gut microbiota-mediated therapies and its potential options for HCC treatment focusing on fecal microbiota transplantation.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Gut microbiota Gut-liver axis Fecal microbiota transplantation Carcinogenesis Immune checkpoint inhibitors

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以哲学态度看待家中老鼠

英语学习 2009年第1期 31-33页

作者： Richard O'mara

一群灰褐色、一眨眼就跑得不见踪影的小生物彻底破坏了我宁静的生活，妻子惊慌颤抖、我倍感烦扰，灭鼠药、捕鼠器乃至灭鼠专家都无济于事。看着老鼠在家中四处乱窜，最终我想到可以用哲学的方法来对待它们……

关键词：哲学态度老鼠灭鼠药

Chemometric Analysis of an Sanitary Landfill Leachate

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第1期4卷 16-24页

作者： Ana M.C. Grisa Cíntia Paese Oclide José Dotto Ronaldo Nicola mara Zeni 不详

This paper presents a study on the biotic/abiotic conditions of the S?o Giácomo sanitary landfill, located near the city of Caxias do Sul, Brazil, through statistical analysis of fourteen physic-chemical data sets for the leachate, produced in the garbage dump site over a long period of years. Different chemometric methods are used in the statistical analysis. For example, the correlations between the variables, related to the degraded organic matter and biological activity, are determined by means of multivariate methods. The results highlight that BOD, COD, VTS, FTS and TS give information on the anaerobic degradation of the organic matter contained in the cells, and suggest that the greater the contribution of the variables with positive weights in PC1 the greater the level of organic matter degradation. The variables TN, Amon Nit. and alkalinity are related to the biological activity and determine the potency of the variables in relation to time. The greater the contribution of the variables related to organic degradation the greater the values in PC2 and the lesser the potency of these variables, whose influence is greater in the second stage of anaerobic degradation. The variables of PC2 is important plans of the contamination of the leached in the bodies hídrics.

关键词： Landfill Leachate Physico-Chemical Variables Chemometric Method Principal Components Analysis

Non-invasive panel tests for gastrointestinal motility monitoring within the MARS-500 Project

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第14期19卷 2208-2216页

作者： Aldo Roda mara Mirasoli Massimo Guardigli Patrizia Simoni Davide Festi Boris Afonin Galina Vasilyeva Department of Chemistry "G.Ciamician" University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna-Alma Mater Studiorum State Scientific Center of Russian Federation-Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IBMP)

AIM:To develop an integrated approach for monitoring gastrointestinal motility and inflammation state suitable for application in long-term ***:Breath tests based on the oral administration of 13 C-labeled or hydrogen-producing substrates followed by the detection of their metabolites(13 CO 2 or H 2) in breath were used to measure gastrointestinal motility parameters during the 520-d spaceflight ground simulation within the MARS-500 *** particular,the gastric emptying rates of solid and liquid contents were evaluated by 13 C-octanoic acid and 13 Cacetate breath tests,respectively,whereas the orocecal transit time was assessed by an inulin H 2-breath test,which was performed simultaneously with the 13 C-octanoic acid breath test.A ready-to-eat,standardized pre-packaged muffin containing 100 mg of 13 C-octanoic acid was used in the 13 C-octanoic acid breath test to avoid the extemporaneous preparation of solid *** addition,a cassette-type lateral flow immunoassay was employed to detect fecal calprotectin,a biomarker of intestinal *** no items could be introduced into the simulator during the experiment,all materials and instrumentation required for test performance during the entire mission simulation had to be provided at the beginning of the ***:The experiments planned during the simulation of a manned flight to Mars could be successfully performed by the crewmembers without any external *** evident alterations(i.e.,increasing or decreasing trends) in the gastric emptying rates were detected using the 13 C-breath tests during the mission simulation,as the gastric emptying half-times were in the range of those reported for healthy *** contrast to the 13 C-breath tests,the results of the inulin H 2-breath test were difficult to interpret because of the high variability of the H 2 concentration in the breath samples,even within the same *** variability suggested that the H 2-breath

关键词： Breath test Gastrointestinal inflammation Gastrointestinal motility Spaceflight Stress

Gastrointestinal disorders associated with migraine: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第36期22卷 8149-8160页

作者： Carlos R Cámara-Lemarroy Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Roberto Monreal-Robles Alejandro Marfil-Rivera Servicio de Neurología Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González" Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Servicio de Endocrinología Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González" Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Servicio de Gastroenterología Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González" Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Migraine is a recurrent and commonly disabling primary headache disorder that affects over 17% of women and 5%-8% of men. Migraine susceptibility is multifactorial with genetic, hormonal and environmental factors all playing an important role. The physiopathology of migraine is complex and still not fully understood. Many different neuropeptides, neurotransmitters and brain pathways have been implicated. In connection with the myriad mechanisms and pathways implicated in migraine, a variety of multisystemic comorbidities(e.g., cardiovascular, psychiatric and other neurological conditions) have been found to be closely associated with migraine. Recent reports demonstrate an increased frequency of gastrointestinal(GI) disorders in patients with migraine compared with the general population. Helicobacter pylori infection, irritable bowel syndrome, gastroparesis, hepatobiliary disorders, celiac disease and alterations in the microbiota have been linked to the occurrence of migraine. Several mechanisms involving the gut-brain axis, such as a chronic inflammatory response with inflammatory and vasoactive mediators passing to the circulatory system, intestinal microbiota modulation of the enteric immunological milieu and dysfunction of the autonomic and enteric nervous system, have been postulated to explain these associations. However, the precise mechanisms and pathways related to the gut-brain axis in migraine need to be fully elucidated. In this review, we survey the available literature linking migraine with GI disorders. We discuss the possible physiopathological mechanisms, and clinical implications as well as several future areas of interest for research.

关键词： Migraine Headache Microbiota Review Gastrointestinal diseases

Comparison between Elderly Persons of the Urban Community, According to the Indicative of Depression

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第2期7卷 158-168页

作者： Lilane Maria Alves Silva Sheron Hellen da Silva Darlene mara dos Santos Tavares Leiner Resende Rodrigues The Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Uberaba MG Brazil

Objectives: To compare the sociodemographic and economic profile, functional capacity, number of self-referred morbidities and level of physical activity among the elderly with and without indicative of depression. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study, with 980 elderly persons (250 with and 730 without indicative of depression) residing in the city of Uberaba, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between August 2012 and May 2013. We used the BOMFAQ Questionnaire, GDS 15, Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale and IPAQ. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test (p Results: In the comparison between the groups, there were significant differences regarding the female gender (p = 0.009), education (p = 0.008), individual income (p Conclusion: The comparison of the existence or not of depressive symptoms among the elderly enables a more effective planning of public policies aimed at health promotion and adequate treatment in cases of disease already present and the subsidization of preventive strategies, using data such as risk factors and associated factors and ways to research depression.

关键词： Depression Aged Motor Activity Activities of Daily Living

Synchronous and Asynchronous Blastomere Cleavage at Cryopreservation: Effect on Subsequent Embryo Survival, Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第5期7卷 243-251页

作者： Zofnat Wiener-Megnazi Maria Fridman mara Koifman Shirly Lahav-Baratz Nili Stein Ron Auslender Martha Dirnfeld Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology Carmel Medical Centre Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel Fertility and IVF Unit Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Carmel Medical Centre Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel

Capsule: Although embryos with synchronous blastomere cleavage showed higher post-thaw survival rates, pregnancy rates did not differ. Thus, embryos with all cleavage patterns may be safely cryopreserved. Objective: To compare post-thaw embryo survival, pregnancy and live birth rates of embryos with synchronous vs asynchronous blastomere cleavage in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: University-affiliated IVF unit. Patients: One thousand and sixty FET cycles performed from 2004-2006. Interventions: Cycles were divided into 3 groups: 1: cycles in which only embryos with synchronous blastomere cleavage were frozen;2: cycles in which only embryos with asynchronous blastomere cleavage were frozen;3: cycles in which both embryos with synchronous and asynchronous blastomere cleavage were frozen. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded and analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Post-thaw embryo survival, morphologic grading, pregnancy and live birth rates. Results: A total of 1863 embryos were analyzed. Synchronous embryos had higher blastomere survival rates and morphological grading at thawing. Pregnancy and birth rates did not differ among groups. In a multivariant logistic regression analysis, a number of transferred embryos and embryo morphological grading at thawing were the only parameters that affected pregnancy and live birth rates. Conclusions: Embryos with both synchronous and asynchronous blastomere cleavage can be selected by classical embryo grading and safely cryopreserved.

关键词： Embryo Survival Blastomere Cleavage Frozen-Thawed Embryos IVF Pregnancy Synchronicity

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山羊MPO和IDO1基因变异分析

山羊MPO和IDO1基因变异分析

作者：阿达马（Adama mara）华中农业大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究旨在研究山羊IDO1和MPO基因受到正选择的单核苷酸多态性位点(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP)。在研究中,我们通过测定脱氧核糖核酸序列的方法得到了106只山羊中IDO1基因的多态性,最终在IDO1序列的外显子2-3和外显子10区域... 详细信息

本研究旨在研究山羊IDO1和MPO基因受到正选择的单核苷酸多态性位点(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, SNP)。在研究中,我们通过测定脱氧核糖核酸序列的方法得到了106只山羊中IDO1基因的多态性,最终在IDO1序列的外显子2-3和外显子10区域中共得到了5个突变位点。随后对IDO1基因外显子2-3(G290A;T309C)和外显子10(G290A;T309C)的进行基因分型,并通过聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR)检测多态性位点。我们在MPO基因的外显子3-4中发现了一些突变,但是并未导致氨基酸变化。由于密码子的简并性,这些突变并未改变编码蛋白的氨基酸序列,最终成为对机体没有影响的沉默突变。系统发生分析表明,山羊IDO1和MPO基因与绵羊具有最高的相似性,高达98%和99%,与此同时山羊MPO基因与斑马鱼和小鼠仅有72%和83%的相似性。通过似然比检验,在使用朴素贝叶斯方法(Naive Empirical Bayes, NEB)分析正选择M8位点时候发现,IDO1和MPO表现出了较为丰富的参数信息。结果显示IDO1基因中有10个位点受到正选择(IDO1的LRTs分别为3.184和18.858,MPO为33.124)。这些位点包括350R、371N、398L、400T、302E、435T、231K、213I、210Y、18T (P>0.95);MPO有五个位点51E、652E(P>0.95)、325S、742S、765G(P>0.99)。由于只有大约15%的褪黑素是通过这条通路被分解的并且在这个通路中的相同位点上,这两个基因承担的任务相同。因此,我们推测IDO1和MPO基因在进化过程中受到正选择驱动。

关键词： Indoleamine1 Myeloperoxydase SNP Variation genetic Positive Selection

Role of frailty and sarcopenia in predicting outcomes among patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第1期8卷 27-40页

作者： doris wagner mara mcadams demarco neda amini stefan buttner dorry segev faiz gani timothy m pawlik division of surgical oncology department of surgerythe johns hopkins hospitalbaltimoreMD 21287United States department of epidemiology the johns hopkins hospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States

According to the United States census bureau 20% of Americans will be older than 65 years in 2030 and half of them will need an operation- equating to about 36 million older surgical patients. Older adults are prone to complications during gastrointestinal cancer treatment and therefore may need to undergo special pretreatment assessments that incorporate frailty and sarcopenia assessments. A focused, structured literature review on Pub Med and Google Scholar was performed to identify primary research articles, review articles, as well as practice guidelines on frailty and sarcopenia among patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. The initial search identified 450 articles; after eliminating duplicates, reports that did not include surgical patients, case series, as well as case reports, 42 publications on the impact of frailty and/or sarcopenia on outcome of patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were included. Frailty is defined as a clinically recognizable state of increased vulnerability to physiologic stressors resulting from aging. Frailty is associated with a decline in physiologic reserve and function across multiple physiologic systems. Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Unlike cachexia, which is typically associated with weight loss due to chemotherapy or a general malignancy-related cachexia syndrome, sarcopenia relates to muscle mass rather than simply weight. As such, while weight reflects nutritional status, sarcopenia- the loss of muscle mass- is a more accurate and quantitative global marker of frailty. While chronologic age is an important element in assessing a patient's peri-operative risk, physiologic age is a more important determinant of outcomes. Geriatric assessment tools are important components of the preoperative work-up and can help identify patients who suffer from frailty. Such data are important, as frailty and sarcopenia have repeatedly been demons

关键词： Sarcopenia Outcomes Frailty Morbidity Mortality