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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-Núñez mar.a fernanda gonzález Ana mar.a Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Low-Temperature Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods Stabilized with PVP

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2020年第4期10卷 111-123页

作者： Armando Flores Moreno mar.a fernanda gonzález Pérez Escuela de Ingeniería Universidad La Salle PachucaAv.San Juan Bautiste de La Salle No.1San Juan TilcuautlaSan Agustín TlaxiacaHidalgoC.P.42160México Licenciatura en Ingeniería Civil Universidad La Salle PachucaAv.San Juan Bautiste de La Salle No.1San Juan TilcuautlaSan Agustín TlaxiacaHidalgoC.P.42160México

Small-diameter ZnO nanorods with lengths of 35-50 nm were synthesized by solvothermal treatment route at low temperature(70℃)for 48,96 and 144 hours using polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as stabilizing *** optical band gap energy of nanorods was calculated by Tauc’s approximation,obtaining values of 3.30-3.21 *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)it was determined that ZnO samples crystallize in Wurtzite hexagonal structure and present changes in lattice *** XRD patterns reveal a preferential growth of ZnO nanostructures along the plane with Miller indices(002).Stabilization process of ZnO nanoparticles and nanorods was studied by Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy,determining that the presence of amide group in polymer structure confers the ability to interact electrostatically with ZnO nanostructures ***-IR results revealed that O and N atoms of amide group interact strongly with the surface of ZnO *** length/diameter ratio of ZnO nanorods at 48 and 96 hours of reflux was 2.3 and 2.7,respectively.

关键词： ZnO nanorods PVP stabilization low-temperature synthesis

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Antarctic red algae in dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells for water splitting

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第2期35卷 219-227页

作者： Florentina ARISPE mar.a fernanda CERDÁ Laboratorio de Biomateriales IQBFacultad de CienciasUdelaRMontevideo 11400Uruguay

Phycoerythrin extracted from Antarctic red seaweeds shows promising characteristics to be applied as an anode sensitizer in water-splitting photoelectrochemical *** light irradiation and using an LED lamp,the red-colored protein shows an interesting ability to profit the incident light,as confirmed by the presence of oxygen bubbles next to the electrode surface without applying any external *** results showed that the addition of iodide is helpful to allow the regeneration of the dye;nevertheless,oxygen evolution is not *** analysis of the involved semi-reactions is also helpful to understand the observed *** exploration of Antarctic resources offers then an alternative for the development of green energies,with a particular focus on their use as sensitizers to profit from the sunlight in water-splitting as well as in photovoltaic devices.

关键词： sensitizers water-splitting red algae electrochemical

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Habitat and food preferences of European rabbits in core and edge populations along the invasion front PatagoniaMonte,Argentina

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 310-319页

作者： Sabrina Yasmin Bobadilla mar.a A.Dacar Fabián M.Jaksic Ricardo A.Ojeda mar.a fernanda Cuevas Ecología de Mamíferos de Tierras Secas IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Laboratorio de Filogeografía Taxonomía Integrativa y Ecología(LFTIE)IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability(CAPES) Pontifcia Universidad Católica de ChileAv.Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340Santiago 8320000Región MetropolitanaChile

The European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus is an exotic herbivorous mammal undergoing an active phase of geographical expansion in the arid ecosystems of *** Adaptive Flexibility Hypothesis states that populations at the range edge(new populations)will exhibit greater fexibility in the use of resources compared with populations located in the range core(older populations).The objective of this work was to compare the rabbit’s use of spatial and trophic resources in relation to the establishment time of their *** sampling was carried out for 2 years(2017 and 2018)in sites with different establishment times for rabbit *** sampling stratifed by type of habitat was applied using 115 fxed strip transects of 1,000 m^(2) laid out across the study *** rabbit signs were recorded in each transect,and environmental and anthropic variables were *** results show that the individuals from the range edge are more selective in the use of habitat than those from the range *** the microhabitat level,we observed a pattern in the particular components of habitat use by rabbits mainly linked to food availability and proximity to *** a trophic perspective,rabbits could show fexible adjustment to novel conditions and environments in the range *** variability in resource use by the European rabbit confrms its ecological fexibility,pivotal for their advance toward new environments in Argentina.

关键词： Arid ecosystems invasive species novel environments range invasion spatial use trophic use

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Geochemical Characterization of Soils in the Playa Lake Environment of Laguna de Encinillas, Chihuahua, Mexico

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第9期14卷 900-918页

作者： mar.a fernanda Ponce-gonzález Alejandro Villalobos-Aragón Vanessa Verónica Espejel-García Daphne Espejel-García Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México

Laguna de Encinillas, located in Chihuahua, Mexico, is an ephemeral lake situated within a playa lake sedimentary depositional environment. This region plays a significant role in the aquifer supplying water to Chihuahua City. A surficial soil sampling campaign was conducted in 2017, 2018, and 2021 to assess the potential impact of surface soil composition on groundwater quality. The collected soil samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following microwave-assisted digestion. The analytical results were employed to generate spatial distribution maps of elemental concentrations using QGIS, applying interpolation methods such as inverse distance weighting (IDW) and Kriging. The analysis revealed elevated concentrations of beryllium (Be), calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), and strontium (Sr) in the eastern part of the study area. In contrast, arsenic (As) and iron (Fe) were more prevalent in the western sector. Notably, high levels of barium (Ba), silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), potassium (K), and scandium (Sc) were identified in the northeastern region. At the same time, nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) were concentrated in the northern portion. Manganese (Mn) was particularly prominent in the southern area. The geogenic source of these elements is likely linked to the volcanic rocks from the surrounding mountain ranges.

关键词： Groundwater Quality Soils El Sauz-Encinillas Aquifer Chihuahua GIS

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Fractions of a chloroform extract of ajenjo leaves (Artemisiamendozana DC. var. mendozana) inhibit the proliferation,viability and clonogenicity of B16-F0 melanoma cells

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BIOCELL 2020年第3期44卷 293-299页

作者： mar.a ELISA MILLÁN mar.a fernanda mar.a LEONARDO ANDRÉS SALVARREDI EMILIO FERNANDO LIZARRAGA LUIS ALBERTO LOPEZ Universidad Nacional de Cuyo MendozaArgentina Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica Buenos AiresArgentina Fundación Escuela de Medicina Nuclear MendozaArgentina Fundación Miguel Lillo y Universidad Nacional de Tucumán San Miguel de TucumánArgentina

The ajenjo,Artemisia mendozana ***(Asteraceae),grows in the Andean foothills of Mendoza and San Juan,Argentina,and is used as a medicinal plant for its antispasmodic and antifungal *** aim of this work was to obtain fractions of a chloroform extract of ajenjo leaves and to evaluate the in vitro effects on proliferation,viability and clonogenicity of B16-F0 melanoma *** a silica gel chromatography column,120 fractions were collected and grouped according to the chromatographic profile in 9 main fractions(F1–F9).Their major compounds identified were:terpenes(F1),terpenes and sesquiterpene lactones(F2–F3),sesquiterpenes(F4–F6)and phenols and sesquiterpenes(F7-9).B16-F0 cells were incubated for 72 h with DMSO(vehicle)or 0.1 mg/ml F1–*** 72 h of culture,F1 decreased both the growing index(GI)and cell viability.F2 and F3 both decreased GI and only F3 decreased clonogenic activity.F4 and F5 both decreased *** F5 decreased cell viability and F4 decreased ***,fractions F6–F8 did not affect any of the cell parameters assayed,while F9 decreased cell viability and inhibited clonogenicity.

关键词： Terpenes Sesquiterpene lactones Sesquiterpenes Phenols

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Changes in the Composition and Abundance of Phytoplankton in a Coastal Lagoon of Baja California,Mexico,during 2011

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Open Journal of marine Science 2015年第2期5卷 169-181页

作者： mar.a fernanda Gracia-Escobar Roberto Millán-Núnez Enrique Valenzuela-Espinoza Adriana gonzález-Silvera Eduardo Santamar.a-del-Angel Facultad de Ciencias marinas Universidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaEnsenadaMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Universidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaEnsenadaMéxico

A time series with weekly sampling was conducted from February 20, to December 16, 2011 at a station in the interior of the San Quintín Bay to estimate seasonal changes in the composition and abundance of phytoplankton. Water temperature was recorded and the upwelling index was calculated for the period. Phytoplankton abundance was estimated and phytoplankton were identified by using an inverted microscope and the CHEMTAX program. There were 16 positive phytoplankton anomalies during the year, but only three were considered to be blooms. The blooms were dominated by diatoms and were recorded in the winter, spring and summer. Different genera composed 80% of the total phytoplankton abundance of each of the blooms. The first bloom consisted of diatoms of the genera Pseudo-nitzschia sp. (15.7%), Skeletonema sp. (14.6%), Eucampia sp. (7%), and Navicula sp. (7%);a haptophyte of the genus Imantonia sp. (13.1%);and dinoflagellates of the genus Prorocentrum sp. (4.6%). The second bloom consisted mainly of diatoms of the genera Guinardia sp. (30.6%), Pseudo-nitzschia sp. (21.5%), Skeletonema sp. (14.5%), Chaetoceros sp. (8.4%) and Eucampia sp. (5.3%). The third bloom consisted of Chaetoceros sp. (46.3%), Pseudo-nitzschia sp. (22.6%), Skeletonema sp. (7.29%), and Imantonia sp. (6%). Dinoflagellates were observed in the winter, summer and autumn, but they contributed less biomass than diatoms. Prorocentrum sp., Gymnodinium sp., and Ceratium sp. were among the dinoflagellates that were observed. The differences in abundance and composition of phytoplankton groups in the blooms in San Quintín Bay during 2011 were due primarily to seasonal changes in the physical and chemical factors of the seawater and to upwelling events.

关键词： Phytoplankton Bloom Pigments CHEMTAX Coastal Lagoon

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Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm in a CDKN2A germline mutation carrier

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第9期9卷 390-396页

作者： Fernando martínez de Juan mar.a Reolid Escribano Carmen martínez Lapiedra fernanda Maia de Alcantara mar.a Caballero Soto Ana Calatrava Fons Isidro Machado Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department Valencian Institute of Oncology Digestive Surgery Department Valencian Institute of Oncology Pathology Department Valencian Institute of Oncology

A 69-year-old woman from a kindred with familial atypical multiple mole melanoma and carrier of a germline mutation in CDKN2A, presented with abdominal pain caused by a solid-cystic pancreatic mass. The patient had an abdominal computed tomography three years before in which there was no evidence of pancreatic lesion. The endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration showed adenocarcinoma with squamous component. After surgical resection the final diagnosis was adenosquamous pancreatic carcinoma(ASPC) arising in an intraductal papillar mucinous neoplasm(IPMN). Adenosquamous carcinomas are uncommon in the pancreas and have rarely been described in association with IPMNs. It has worse prognosis than the ordinary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and some distinct features. We review the clinical, imaging, pathologic and molecular aspects of ASPC. Differential diagnosis with contamination, squamous metaplasia and pancreatic metastases from a distant squamous carcinoma is discussed. Besides, the case is an accelerated model of the adenoma(IPMN)-carcinoma sequence probably due to the CDKN2A ger-mline mutation. Somatic CDKN2A mutations are commonevents in the early steps of sporadic pancreatic cancer, but germline mutation carriers have a significantly higher risk of pancreatic carcinoma.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia Melanoma-pancreatic cancer syndrome Adenosquamous carcinoma Pancreatic carcinoma CDKN2A

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The global climate monitor system:from climate data-handling to knowledge dissemination

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第4期12卷 394-414页

作者： Juan mar.ano Camarillo-Naranjo José Ignacio Álvarez-Francoso Natalia Limones-Rodríguez mar.a fernanda Pita-López Mónica Aguilar-Alba Department of Physical Geography and Regional Analysis University of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of Human Geography University of SevilleSevilleSpain

This paper summarizes our work on building a data model and a geovisualization tool that provides access to global climate data:the Global Climate Monitor Web *** to this viewer,a complete set of climate-environmental indicators capable of displaying climate patterns on a global scale that is accessible to any potential user(scientists and laypeople)will be built and published using the same online *** data currently available correspond to the CRU TS3.21 version of the Climate Research Unit(University of East Anglia)database–a product that provides data at a spatial resolution of half of a degree in latitude and longitude,spanning January 1901 to December 2012,on a monthly *** January 2013,the datasets feeding the system have been the GHCN-CAMS temperature dataset and the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC)First Guess precipitation ***,hydrologists,planners and non-experts users such as media workers,policymakers,non-profit organizations,teachers or students,can access useful climatological information through the Global Climate Monitor system.

关键词： Geovisualization climate indicators global climate databases open-source software

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Dixy： A Connection Between the “Typographic Appearance” and the Brain of Children

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2014年第1期4卷 55-61页

作者： mar.a fernanda del Real García Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain

This study presents a comparison between three different fonts in order to know the possible influence they may have when used in educational materials for children with readers difficulties resulting from dyslexia. Two of the three selected fonts （Arial and MeMimas） are frequently used in textbooks in Spain. The third type of letter （Dixy） was specially developed for typographic research purposes, following graphic features that according to literature and previous studies on reading patterns favor the dyslexic, and could improve reading skills in these individuals. To examine the quality of reading （speed and accuracy） between fonts, a small--but significant--sample was used. Ten children in Madrid, from eight to 10 years old were examined while reading words and pseudowords with three different fonts （Arial, MeMimas, and Dixy）. The result of the study shows the influence of the shapes of the letters in the legibility of texts with familiar and unfamiliar words （pseudowords） in children with dyslexia. The study showed that using the font Dixy, despite not being known by the children, reading is more accurate than using fonts known to them, such as Arial and MeMimas. As to the reading speed, the results indicate that, although the Dixy is a font never seen before by the children, reading speed is similar to a known font for them, as is the Arial, and greater than a hand writing font such as MeMimas.

关键词： legibility letter font dyslexia reading children readers difficulties

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