检索结果-南通市图书馆

Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第2期14卷 91-108页

作者： Santosh Kumar Kundara Kanhaiya Chawla Dinesh Kumar Yadav Chhagan lal Balram Tripathi Narendra Jakhar Department of Physics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Sw. P.N.K.S. Government PG College Dausa India Government PG College Pratapgarh India S.S. Jain Subodh PG (Autonomous) College Jaipur India

In this manuscript, we are reporting structural, bonding, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of Gd-doped ZnO composite samples (Zn1−xGdxO, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) prepared by solid-state reaction method. XRD spectra confirm the wurtzite hexagonal phase with a grain size distribution of 42 - 47 nm. The FT-IR spectra confirm bonding behavior like Zn-O, O=C=O, and O-H stretching modes. FESEM micrographs show that the grains of crystallites possess nearly spherical morphology. Optical absorption spectra confirm that the optical band gap decreases systematically from 3.19 eV to 3.15 eV for x = 0.0 to x = 0.10 samples. For all samples, PL spectra exhibited near-band emission, blue emission, and green emission peaks. The dielectric constant decreases as the applied frequency increases. Hall effect results show that with increasing doping concentration of Gd, mobility and resistivity increase while bulk concentration decreases. Current-Voltage study shows that current increases when temperature is increased. Rare earth-doped ZnO is potential material used for optoelectronics and spintronics device applications. Properties of Gd-doped ZnO are studied by various research groups, but dielectric studies are limitedly reported. Therefore, the present research work aims to study the change of electrical, optical, and dielectric properties of Gd-doped ZnO for device applications.

关键词： ZnO:Gd Composites Optical Band Gap Green Emission Dielectric Constant

Predicting Yield and Stability Analysis of Wheat under Different Crop Management Systems across Agro-Ecosystems in India

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 1977-2012页

作者： mangi lal.jat Raj Kumar jat Parvinder Singh Shankar lal.jat Harminder Singh Sidhu Hanuman Sahay jat Deepak Bijarniya Chiter Mal Parihar Raj Gupta International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) National Agriculture Science Center (NASC) Complex New Delhi India Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Indian Institute of Maize Research New Delhi India Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) New Delhi India

The objectives of the study were as follows: 1) to evaluate the GxExM for wheat genotypes;2) to predict yield performance and identify high stable wheat genotypes in different management practices;and 3) to make genotype-specific management and high performing genotype recommendations within and across agro-ecological regions. A diverse set of twenty-one genotypes was evaluated over three years (2012, 2013 and 2014) under two levels of crop management practices (CT and ZT) across three agro-ecological regions (BR, MP and PB) of India in replicated trials. Data were analyzed with SASGxE and RGxE programs using SAS and R programming languages, respectively. Across and within a location(s), the pattern of GxExM and GxMxY interactions (respectively) among univariate and multivariate stability statistics, grouping of genotypes in divisive clusters and estimates (with a prediction interval) of genotype varied in management practice CT and ZT. Across locations, the genotypes “Munal” and “HD-2967” were the best performers and high stable in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2824” and “DPW-621-50”, and “Munal” may serve as diverse parents for developing high quality, climate smart, locally adapted genotypes for BR in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2932”, “BAZ” and “JW-3288”, and “GW-322” and “HD-2967” are suitable for developing locally adapted stress tolerant genotypes for MP in management practices CT and ZT, respectively. Relatively small GxM and GxExM interactions in PB preclude in making definitive conclusions.

关键词： Stability Analysis GxExM BLUPs Forest Plots GGE Biplot Wheat Univariate Stability Statistics

Long-Term Conservation Agriculture and Intensified Cropping Systems:Effects on Growth,Yield,Water,and Energy-use Efficiency of Maize in Northwestern India

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2018年第6期28卷 952-963页

作者： Chiter M.PARIHAR Malu R.YADAV Shankar L.jat Aditya K.SINGH Bhupender KUMAR Vijay POONIYA Sanatan PRADHAN Rakesh K.VERMA mangi L.jat Raj K.jat Muli D.PARIHAR Hari S.NAYAK Yashpal S.SAHARAWAT Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Maize Research New Delhi 110012(India) Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012(India) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center New Delhi 110012(India) Borlaug Institute for South Asia Samastipur 848125(India) Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar 125004(India) International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Kabul 11082010(Afghanistan)

Conservation agriculture(CA)-based best-bet crop management practices may increase crop and water productivity, while conserving and sustaining natural resources. We evaluated the performance of rainy season maize during 2014 under an ongoing long-term trial(established in 2008) with three tillage practices, i.e., permanent bed(PB), zero tillage(ZT), and conventional tillage(CT) as main plots, and four intensified maize-based cropping systems, i.e., maize-wheat-mungbean, maize-chickpea-Sesbania(MCS), maizemustard-mungbean, and maize-maize-Sesbania) as subplot treatments. In the seventh rainy season of the experiment, maize growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, and water-and energy-use efficiency were highest at fixed plots under ZT. Maize growth parameters were significantly(P < 0.05) superior under ZT and PB compared with CT. Maize yield attributes, including cobs per m^2(7.8), cob length(0.183 m), grain rows per cob(13.8), and grains per row(35.6), were significantly higher under ZT than CT; however, no significant effect of cropping systems was found on maize growth and yield attributes. Zero tillage exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 589 kg ha^(-1)). However, among the cropping systems, MCS exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 582 kg ha^(-1)). In maize, water use was reduced by 80.2–120.9 mm ha-1under ZT and PB compared with CT, which ultimately enhanced the economic water-use efficiency by 42.0% and 36.6%, respectively. The ZT and PB showed a 3.5%–31.8% increase in soil organic carbon(SOC) at different soil depths(0–0.45 m), and a 32.3%–39.9% increase in energy productivity compared with CT. Overall, our results showed that CA-based ZT and PB practices coupled with diversified maize-based cropping systems effectively enhanced maize yield and SOC,as well as water-and energy-use efficiency, in northwestern India.

关键词： conventional tillage economic water-use efficiency permanent bed rainy season soil organic carbon zero tillage

Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics axisymmetric stagnation flow and heat transfer due to an axisymmetric shrinking/stretching sheet with viscous dissipation and heat source/sink

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Physics B 2014年第7期23卷 479-487页

作者： Dinesh Rajotia R.N.jat Department of Mathematics University of Rajasthan

The present work is concerned with the effects of viscous dissipation and heat source/sink on a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer axisymmetric stagnation flow, and the heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid over a sheet, which shrinks or stretches axisymmetrically in its own plane where the line of the symmetry of the stagnation flow and that of the shrinking （stretching） sheet are, in general, not aligned. The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically by a shooting technique. This investigation explores the conditions of the non-existence, existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the similar equations numerically. It is noted that the range of the velocity ratio parameter, where the similarity solution exists, is increased with the increase of the value of the magnetic parameter. Furthermore, the study reveals that the non-alignment function affects the shrinking sheet more than the stretching sheet. In addition, the numerical results of the velocity profile, temperature profile, skin-friction coefficient, and rate of heat transfer at the sheet are discussed in detail with different parameters.

关键词： axisymmetric shrinking/stretching sheet stagnation-point flow magnetic effect heat transfer

Mass-Casualty Distribution for Emergency Healthcare:A Simulation Analysis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第3期11卷 364-377页

作者： Mohsin Nasir jat Raza Ali Rafique Edwards School of Business University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N5A7Canada School of Management and Marketing Kean UniversityUnionNJ 07083USA

This study focuses on the casualty-load distribution problem that arises when a mass casualty incident(MCI)necessitates the engagement of multiple medical *** discrete event simulations,the study analyzed different MCI response regimes in Lahore,Pakistan,that vary in terms of the level of casualty-load distribution and the required coordination between the incident site and the responding *** terrorist attacks in this major metropolitan area were considered to set up experiments for comparing delays in treatment under the modeled *** analysis highlights that the number of casualties that are allowed to queue up at the nearest hospital before diverting the casualty traffic to an alternate hospital can be an important factor in reducing the overall treatment *** diverting the casualty traffic from the incident site to an alternate hospital can increase the travel time,while a delay in diversion can overload the nearest hospital,which can lead to overall longer waiting times in the *** casualty distribution mechanisms based only on the responding hospitals’available capacity and current load can perform inefficiently because they overlook the trade-off between the times casualties spend in traveling and in queues.

关键词： Casualty distribution Emergency response Mass casualty incidents Pakistan Urban terrorism

Climate change adaptation, greenhouse gas mitigation and economic profitability of conservation agriculture: Some examples from cereal systems of Indo-Gangetic Plains

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1524-1533页

作者： Tek B Sapkota M L jat Jeetendra P Aryal R K jat Arun Khatri-Chhetri International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center Borlaug Institute for South Asia Consultative Group of International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) International Water Management Institute

Achieving sustainability of the cereal system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains（IGP）of India under progressive climate change and variability necessitates adoption of practices and technologies that increase food production,adaptation and mitigation in a sustainable *** paper examines conservation agriculture（CA）from the perspective of：（i）increased yield and farm income,（ii）adaptation to heat and water stresses,and（iii）reduction in greenhouse gas（GHGs）*** analyses and conclusions are based on the literature and evidences from a large number of on-station as well as farmers’field trials on CA in the cereal systems of *** analyses show that CA-based system substantially reduces the production cost（up to 23%）but produces equal or even higher than conventional system;thereby increasing economic profitability of production ***-based production systems also moderated the effect of high temperature（reduced canopy temperature by 1–4°C）and increased irrigation water productivity by 66–100%compared to traditional production systems thus well adapting to water and heat stress situations of *** continuous monitoring of soil flux of CO2,N2O and CH4 revealed that CA-based rice-wheat systems emit 10–15%less GHGs than conventional *** is the first time that CA and its components are synthesized and analyzed from food security-climate change *** this holistic analysis,we suggest that wide-scale promotion of suitable CA practices by integrating into national agriculture development strategy is a way forward to address food security,climate change adaptation and mitigation challenges faced by present agriculture.

关键词： zero-tillage residue retention climate change sustainability conservation agriculture

Carbon farming by recarbonization of agroecosystems

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2023年第5期33卷 676-679页

作者： Rattan lal CFAES Rattan lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration The Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA

Carbon(C)farming refers to deliberate adoption of restorative land use and site-specific best management practices which create a positive soil/ecosystem C budget and lead to sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2))in soil and biomass such that increase in soil/terrestrial C stock can generate another income stream for land ***-based C sequestration can be in biomass(above-and belowground)and increase in soil C *** latter comprises of soil inorganic C(SIC)and soil organic C(SOC)*** of C as SIC pool is through formation of secondary carbonates and leaching of bicarbonates with irrigation water.

关键词： soil income budget

Sustainable intensification of China's agroecosystems by conservation agriculture

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Rattan lal Carbon Management and Sequestration Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Agriculture in China started about 8000 BCE with cultivation of millet and rice. Thus, China's modern agriculture is rooted in a long evolutionary history of agricultural practices. China's population of 211 million in 1700 increased to 295 million in 1800, 400 million in 1900, 1266 million in 2000, and is 1409 million in 2017. Thus, China has to feed 18.5% of the world population on merely 7% of the world's arable land and with even scarcer water resources. Yet, between 1950 and 2017, the grain production in China increased at a faster rate than that of the population. Total grain production (million ton or Tg) was 113 in 1949, 305 in 1970, 462 in 2000, and 603 in 2015. The high agricultural productivity is attributed to high consumption of fertilizers (58.8 Tg in 2015), pesticides (1.81 Tg in 2014), and irrigation (65.7 Mha in 2014). However, the high production is also associated with the severe problems of soil degradation (erosion), water contamination and air pollution. It is estimated that ~40% of China's arable land is degraded to some degree. Thus, there is a strong need for a paradigm shift of sustaining high productivity while restoring quality of natural resources of soil, water and air. In this context, conversion to a systembased conservation agriculture (CA) may be an important strategy of sustainable intensification of agroecosystems for advancing and sustaining high production while restoring soil health, purifying water and air and improving the environment. The CA has been practiced in China since 1990s and was adopted on ~8.0 Mha in 2015. The available literature shows that conversion to CA increases soil organic C (SOC) concentration and stocks mostly in the surface layer while also producing an equivalent agronomic yield. Therefore, a widespread adoption of CA in China would necessitate a deeper understanding of its ecological underpinnings. To be effective, site-specific CA practices must reduce risks of soil erosion under dry land farming, ac

关键词： soil conservation food security water scarcity ancient agriculture environmental pollution

Effects of molecular weight and concentration of carboxymethyl cellulose on morphology of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as prepared with one-step wet chemical method

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 804-812页

作者： Ruiqiang LIU Rattan lal Carbon Management & Sequestration Center School of Environment & Natural Resources the Ohio State University Columbu OH 43210 USA

Nano-sized apatite particles （nAP） synthesized with carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC） have shown great application potentials in in situ heavy metal remediation. However, differences in CMC＇s properties effects on the size of nAP produced are not well understood. In this paper, two types of CMC, with respective molecular weights （MW） of-120000 and -240000 Dalton or respective polymerization degrees of 500 （CMC-500） and 1050 （CMC-1050）, were studied in a concentration range of 0.05%-0.5% （w/w） for nAP synthesis. Morphology of the particles was characterized with transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Results showed that 0.05% CMC- 500 solution gave an average particle size o f 148.7 -4-134.9 rim, 0.25% CMC-500 solution produced particles of 21.8~20.4nm, and, 0.5% CMC-500 solution contained particles of 15.8-4-7.7nm. In comparison, 0.05% CMC- 1050 solution produced nanoparticles of 6.8~3.2 rim, 0.25% CMC-1050 produced smaller nAP of 4.3-1-3.2 nm, and 0.5% CMC-1050 synthesized the smallest nanoparti- cles in this study, with an average diameter of 3.0~2.1 nm. Chemical composition of the products was identified with X-ray diffraction （XRD） as pure hydroxyapatite. Interac- tions between nAP and CMC were discussed with help of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared （ATR- FTIR） spectroscopic data. This study showed that CMC at higher concentration as well as higher MW facilitated to produce finer nanoparticles, showing that nAP size could be manipulated by selecting appropriate CMC MW and/or applying appropriate CMC concentration.

关键词： nanotechnology nanoparticles apatite carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) particle size

Soil organic carbon and phosphorus availability regulate abundance of culturable phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in paddy fields

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 405-413页

作者： Arvind KUMAR lal Chand RAI Molecular Biology Section Laboratory of Algal BiologyCenter of Advanced Study in BotanyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Department of Biotechnology Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspur 495009India

Low availability of phosphorus(P) is a major constraint for optimal crop production, as P is mostly present in its insoluble form in soil. Therefore,phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB) from paddy field soils of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, India were isolated, and their abundance was attempted to be correlated with the physicochemical characteristics of the soils. Ninety-four PSB were isolated on Pikovskaya’s agar medium, and quantitative phosphate solubilization was evaluated using NBRIP medium. The isolates solubilized P up to a concentration of 1 006 μg mL-1 from tricalcium phosphate with the secretion of organic acids. These isolates were identified by 16 S rRNA gene sequence comparison, and they belonged to Gammaproteobacteria(56 isolates),Firmicutes(28 isolates), Actinobacteria(8 isolates), and Alphaproteobacteria(2 isolates). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the identification by clustering the isolates in the clade of the respective reference organisms. The correlation analysis between PSB abundance and physicochemical characteristics revealed that the PSB population increased with increasing levels of soil organic carbon, insoluble P, K+, and Mg2+. The promising PSB explored in this study can be further evaluated for their biofertilizer potential in the field and for their use as potent bio-inoculants.

关键词： bacterial abundance insoluble P organic acids phosphate solubilization phylogenetic analysis 16S rRNA gene