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Single-cell trajectories of melanoma cell resistance to targeted treatment

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第1期19卷 56-73页

作者： Maria Schmidt Lena Sünke Mortensen Henry Loeffler-Wirth Corinna Kosnopfel Knut Krohn Hans Binder manfred kunz Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics University of LeipzigLeipzig 04107Germany Department of Dermatology Venereology and AllergologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburg 97074Germany Core Unit DNA Technologies Medical FacultyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzig 04103Germany Department of Dermatology Venereology and AllergologyUniversity of Leipzig Medical CenterLeipzig 04103Germany

Objective:Cellular heterogeneity is regarded as a major factor affecting treatment response and resistance in malignant *** developments in single-cell sequencing technology have provided deeper insights into these ***:Here,we analyzed a BRAFV600 E-mutant melanoma cell line by single-cell RNA-seq under various conditions:cells sensitive to BRAF inhibition with BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and cells resistant to BRAF inhibition with vemurafenib alone or vemurafenib in combination with the MEK1/2 inhibitors cobimetinib or *** reduction by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and self-organizing maps identified distinct trajectories of resistance development clearly separating the 4 treatment conditions in cell and gene state ***:Trajectories associated with resistance to single-agent treatment involved cell cycle,extracellular matrix,and de-differentiation *** contrast,shifts detected in double-resistant cells primarily affected translation and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway reactivation,with a small subpopulation showing markers of *** findings were validated in pseudotime analyses and RNA velocity ***:The single-cell transcriptomic analyses reported here employed a spectrum of bioinformatics methods to identify mechanisms of melanoma resistance to single-and double-agent *** study deepens our understanding of treatmentinduced cellular reprogramming and plasticity in melanoma cells and identifies targets of potential relevance to the management of treatment resistance.

关键词： Melanoma single-cell transcriptome sequencing treatment response

Genome-wide association study detects novel risk locus psoriasis

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Genome-wide association study detects novel risk locus psori...

Metal Free Polymer/Graphite Electrode-Ferricyanides Catholyte System for MFC with High Performance

中华医学会第16次全国皮肤性病学术年会

作者： Stephan Weidinger Eva Buchert David Ellinghaus Philip E.Stuart Rajan P.Nair Sophie Debrus John V.Raelson manfred kunz Proton Rahman Dafna Gladman Christian Gieger H.Erich Wichmann Tom H.Karlsen Dieter Kabelitz Goncalo R.Abecasis James T.Elder Stefan Schreiber Michael Weichenthal Andre Franke Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian-Albrechts-University24105 KielGermany Department of Dermatology and Allergy Technische Universitt Mnchen80802 MunichGermany Department of Dermatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Christian-Albrechts-University 24105 KielGermany

Psoriasis is a complex polygenic disease characterized by epidermal proliferation,altered keratinocyte differentiation and chronic *** recently new insights into the genetic architecture of psoriasis were obtained,many susceptibility loci remain to be *** here present a genome-wide association analysis of 2,339,118 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 472 psoriasis patients and 1146

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2020年第3期22卷 9-18页

作者： Jiang Bolong Ulrich kunz Innovation Institute for Sustainable Maritime Architecture Research and Technology Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266000 Clausthal University of Technology Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process EngineeringGermany

A Microbial fuel cell(MFC)with metal free polymer/graphite electrodes(150 mm×150 mm)was *** electrodes with flowing channels,which were different in roughness,were *** additional catalyst was coated on the electrode,therefore the MFC was cheaper and possessed good durability with high *** effect of roughness,K3Fe(CN)6 concentration and sprayed air on the performance of the constructed MFC was *** showed that the roughness of electrode can significantly affect the performance of *** power density of MFC increased by 1.56 times owing to the arithmetic mean roughness which has increased by 1.41 *** an increasing K3Fe(CN)6 concentration,the performance of MFC also *** MFC with K3Fe(CN)6 only(30 mM)showed the highest power density of 1260 mW/m2,which is by 21.4 times and 1.3 times higher than those of MFCs with spraying air only(59 mW/m2)and with K3Fe(CN)6+air(1005 mW/m2),*** showed that the appropriate concentration of K3Fe(CN)6 can significantly improve the power density,while the air has a negative effect when it is sprayed onto K3Fe(CN)6 catholyte.A coulombic efficiency of 34.2%and an energy efficiency of 13.3%with a COD degradation rate of 73.5%were achieved with MFC using K3Fe(CN)6 *** overpotentials of MFC were also *** can be seen that both theηohmic andηconcentration were very low as compared to theηactivation,and theηconcentration can be ignored because its effect was less than 3 *** theoretical calculation suggested that with an increasing conversion rate of K3Fe(CN)6,the cathode potential decreased and reached 0.31 V at a conversion rate of *** the anode behaves differently for constant pH and changeable pH as the reaction progresses,which reveals that the buffer solution and removal of protons play an important role in maintaining the anode potential.

关键词： microbial fuel cell wastewater treatment potassium ferricyanide air power production electrochemical performance metal free polymer/graphite electrode

Monitoring spatiotemporal soil moisture changes in the subsurface of forest sites using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1649-1662页

作者： Julian Fäth Julius kunz Christof Kneisel Institute of Geography and Geology University of WürzburgAm Hubland97074 WürzburgGermany

The effects of drought on tree mortality at forest stands are not completely understood. For assessing their water supply, knowledge of the small-scale distribution of soil moisture as well as its temporal changes is a key issue in an era of climate change. However, traditional methods like taking soil samples or installing data loggers solely collect parameters of a single point or of a small soil volume. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a suitable method for monitoring soil moisture changes and has rarely been used in forests. This method was applied at two forest sites in Bavaria, Germany to obtain high-resolution data of temporal soil moisture variations. Geoelectrical measurements (2D and 3D) were conducted at both sites over several years (2015-2018/2020) and compared with soil moisture data (matric potential or volumetric water content) for the monitoring plots. The greatest variations in resistivity values that highly correlate with soil moisture data were found in the main rooting zone. Using the ERT data, temporal trends could be tracked in several dimensions, such as the interannual increase in the depth of influence from drought events and their duration, as well as rising resistivity values going along with decreasing soil moisture. The results reveal that resistivity changes are a good proxy for seasonal and interannual soil moisture variations. Therefore, 2D- and 3D-ERT are recommended as comparatively non-laborious methods for small-spatial scale monitoring of soil moisture changes in the main rooting zone and the underlying subsurface of forested sites. Higher spatial and temporal resolution allows a better understanding of the water supply for trees, especially in times of drought.

关键词： Geoelectrical monitoring Forest ecology Hydrology Soil water content

Ultrastructural cellular signatures: does cellular form follow function?

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 861-863页

作者： manfred Auer Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

In his watershed 1896 essay The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered,protomodern architect Louis Sullivan famously declared that ‘form follows function’.Could this concept also hold true in biology? Have cel... 详细信息

关键词： Ultrastructural cellular signatures does cellular form follow function

Habitat differences in dung beetle assemblages in an African savanna–forest ecotone:implications for secondary seed dispersal

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 81-96页

作者： Britta K.kunz Frank-Thorsten KRELL Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology Theodor-Boveri Institute of BiosciencesWürzburgGermany Department of Zoology Denver Museum of Nature&ScienceDenverColoradoUSA

The probability and pattern of secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles(Scarabaeinae)depend on their community structure and composition at the site of primary deposition,which,in turn,seem to be strongly determined by ***,we expected pronounced differences in secondary seed dispersal between forest and savanna in the northern Ivory Coast,West *** found 99 dung beetle species at experimentally exposed dung piles of the olive baboon(Papio anubis(Lesson,1827)),an important primary seed disperser in West ***-six species belonged to the roller and tunneler guilds,which are relevant for secondary seed *** species showed a clear habitat *** to the Neotropics,species number and abundance were much higher in the savanna than in the *** and tunnelers each accounted for approximately 50%of the individuals in the savanna,but in the forest rollers made up only 4%.Seeds deposited into the savanna by an omnivorous primary disperser generally have a higher overall probability of being more rapidly dispersed secondarily by dung beetles than seeds in the ***,rollers disperse seeds over larger *** contrast to other studies,small rollers were active in dispersal of large seeds,which were seemingly mistaken for dung *** results suggest that rollers can remove seeds from any plant dispersed in primate dung in this ecosystem.

关键词： Africa baboon defecations guild differences Scarabaeidae secondary seed dispersal.

VuWiki:An Ontology-Based Semantic Wiki for Vulnerability Assessments

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第1期5卷 55-73页

作者： Bijan Khazai Tina kunz-Plapp Christian Buscher Antje Wegner Geophysical Institute Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology(CEDIM)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76187 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis(ITAS) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76133 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Regional Science and Institute of Urban and Spatial Planning Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany

Three decades of vulnerability research have generated a complex and growing body of *** concept of vulnerability,as well as its implementation in vulnerability assessments,is used in various disciplines and ***,a multitude of ideas and frameworks about how to conceptualize and measure vulnerability *** provide a structured representation of vulnerability,we have set up an ontology-based semantic wiki for reviewing and representing vulnerability assessments(***).Based on a survey of 55 vulnerability assessment studies,we first developed an ontology as an explicit reference system for describing vulnerability *** ontology was then implemented in a semantic wiki which allows for the classification and annotation of vulnerability *** resulting semantic wiki,Vu Wiki,does not aim at‘‘synthesizing’’a holistic and overarching model of vulnerability,but at(1)providing—both scientists and practitioners—with a uniform ontology as a reference system;(2)providing easy and structured access to the knowledge field of vulnerability assessments with the possibility for any user to retrieve assessments using specific research criteria;and(3)serving as a collaborative knowledge platform that allows for the active participation of those generating and using the knowledge represented in the vulnerability wiki.

关键词： Knowledge representation Ontology Semantic wiki Vulnerability assessment

^(13)C analysis of cow tail hair and farm slurry can be used to implicitly distinguish between different dairy production systems

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 98-109页

作者： Friederike Sieve Johannes Isselstein manfred Kayser Department of Crop Science Grassland ScienceGeorg-August University GöttingenVon-Siebold-Str.837075 GöttingenGermany Geo-Lab University of VechtaDriverstraße 2249377 VechtaGermany

Background Public interest in the way food is produced on the farm and processed along the food-production chain is *** analysis of isotopic signatures(^(13)C)in cow tail hair provides a method to reconstruct the dietary proportion of maize in cow *** on this,we further investigated whether there is a relationship between isotopic signatures in cow tail hair or farm slurry and the proportion of maize of the total utilized agricultural area per farm[%].We did an on-farm survey on 17 dairy farms in coastal Northwest Germany and collected cow tail hair from dairy cows and slurry samples on each *** farms differed in their feeding regime(C_(3) vs.C_(4) plants),their site conditions(sandy soil=‘Geestland’;organic soil=‘Peatland’;clayey soil=‘Marshland’),and in the area cultivated with maize as a proportion of the total utilized agricultural area per *** We found a positive relationship between δ^(13)C values in both cow tail hair and slurry and the annual dietary proportion of maize(R^(2)=0.67;and R^(2)=0.63).Furthermore,we confirmed that there was a relationship betweenδ^(13)C values in cow tail hair and area of maize as a proportion of the total utilized agricultural area per farm(R^(2)=0.69).Conclusion Our findings suggest a general applicability of using isotopic signatures(^(13)C)along a wide gradient of site conditions and productions systems in practice.

关键词： Stable isotopes Natural^(13)C abundance Environmental indicator Maize Dietary composition Traceability

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Exposure to sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone alters sexual behavior and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in Heriades truncorum,an oligolectic solitary bee

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 859-869页

作者： Samuel Boff manfred Ayasse Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

The aboveground oligolectic bee,Heriades truncorum,is a particularly good model for studying the impact of pesticides on sexual communication,since some aspects of its mating behavior have previously been *** have tested(1)the interference of the pesticide flupyradifurone on male precopulatory behavior and male mating partner preferences,(2)the way that the pesticide interferes in male quality assessment by the female,and(3)the effects of the pesticide on the chemical compounds in the female *** exposed bees of both sexes to a sublethal concentration of *** behaviors were registered in a mating arena with two females(one unexposed and one exposed)and one male(either unexposed or exposed).Unexposed males were quicker to attempt to *** also impacted precopulatory behavior and male quality assessment by *** approached unexposed females more quickly than insecticideexposed *** exposed to insecticide produced lower amounts of some cuticular hydrocarbons(sex pheromone candidates)and appeared less choosy than unexposed *** findings suggest that insecticide exposure affects sexual communication,playing a role both in male preference and in male quality assessment by the female.

关键词： courtship display female choice flupyradifurone male partner preference sex communication sublethal effects