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Leptin and its actions on reproduction in males

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第3期21卷 296-299页

作者： Ifrah Alam malik Damayanthi Durairajanayagam Harbindar Jeet Singh Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus Sg Buloh 47000 Selangor Malaysia I-PPerForM Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus Sg Buloh 47000 Selangor Malaysia

Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, serves numerous physiological functions in the body, particularly during puberty and reproduction. The exact mechanism by which leptin activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons to trigger puberty and reproduction remains unclear. Given the widespread distribution of leptin receptors in the body, both central and peripheral mechanisms involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis have been hypothesized. Leptin is necessary for normal reproductive function, but when present in excess, it can have detrimental effects on the male reproductive system. Human and animal studies point to leptin as a link between infertility and obesity, a suggestion that is corroborated by findings of low sperm count, increased sperm abnormalities, oxidative stress, and increased leptin levels in obese men. In addition, daily leptin administration to normal-weight rats has been shown to result in similar abnormalities in sperm parameters. The major pathways causing these abnormalities remain unidentified;however, these adverse effects have been attributed to leptin-induced increased oxidative stress because they are prevented by concurrently administering melatonin. Studies on leptin and its impact on sperm function are highly relevant in understanding and managing male infertility, particularly in overweight and obese men.

关键词： leptin male infertility obesity spermatozoa sperm DNA fragmentation

COVID-19 and Learning Styles: GCET as Case Study

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 103-115页

作者： Mazhar Hussain malik Sid Ahmed Amjed Sulaiman Al Hasani Department of Computing and Information Technology Global College of Engineering and TechnologyMuscatSultanate of Oman Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Global College of Engineering and TechnologyMuscatSultanate of Oman

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused higher educational institutions around the world to close campus-based activities and move to online *** aim of this paper is to present the case of Global College of Engineering and Technology(GCET)and how its practices including teaching,students/staff support,assessments,and exam policies were *** paper investigates the mediating role of no detriment policy impact on students’result along with the challenges faced by the higher educational institution,recommendations and *** investigation concludes that the strategies adopted for online delivery,student support,assessments and exam policies have helped students to effectively cope with the teaching and learning challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic without affecting their academic *** study shows that 99%of students were able to maintain the same or better level of performance during the 1st COVID-19 *** percent of students had shown a slight decrease in their performance(about 1%–2%)with respect to their overall marks *** no detriment policy has succoured those 1%of the students to maintain their overall performance to what it used to be pre-COVID-19 ***,the paper provides the list of challenges and suggestions for smooth conduction of online education.

关键词： Higher education learning styles COVID-19 challenges and strategies no detriment policy engineering and technology modules

Malaria stratification in a malarious area,a field exercise

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第10期3卷 807-811页

作者： Vatandoost hassan Akbarzadeh Kamran Hanafi- Bojd Ahniad Ali Mashayekhi Minoo Saffari Mohammad malik Elfatih M Kenyi Luka Abakar John Baptist Busaq Alikhan Esmailpour Mohammad Hassen Abuelgasim Oshaghi Mohamad Ali Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control School of Public Health & National Institute of Health ResearchTehran University of Medical Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences PHC and Preventive Medicine Ministry of Health Baghlan province Urmieh University of Medical Sciences Northern State Ministry of Health Malaria Control Programme

Objective:To conducted a spatial analysis for stratification of priority malaria control areas in Kahnuj County,as part of field ***:Information of Health Centers of Kahnuj County has been used for stratification retrospectively.A knowledge,attitudes and practices(KAP) study was arranged to provide preliminary information about the knowledge,attitude and practice related to malaria in the ***:Numbers of malaria cases has been decreased in year *** were five important vectors of malaria in this region including:Anopheles stephensi (***),Anopheles dthali(***).Anopheles superpictus(***),Anophels culicifacies(***),and Anopheles Jluviatilis(***),but majority of malaria cases in this county was related to Plasmodium vivax(***).Educational levels of community were 38% ,20% ,10% and 32% for illiterate,primary,secondary and university levels,respectively. KAP study revealed that about 37% of people have got malaria at least once and only 27% of people knew that mosquito is the vector of ***:Malaria in Kahnuj represents a real *** occurs in city *** can be suspected for the first peak of malaria cases in late spring in Kahnuj *** has a relatively high density in autumn while two malaria cases due to *** were reported in *** on KAP study,the knowledge of respondents seems good but the attitude and practice is *** to the data such as API,main malaria vector,transmission rate,and foreign migrants,the Kahnuj County has been spatially divided into three strata based on various *** authorities should implement all the interventions based on stratification.

关键词： Malaria Kahnuj Stratification Iran

Response of drainage to tectonics and PS-InSAR derived deformation study in Bilaspur,northwestern Himalaya,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 205-218页

作者： Moulishree Joshi Girish Ch Kothyari Kapil malik Ajay Kumar Taloor Department of Geology Kumaun University NainitalIndia Institute of Seismological Research GandhinagarGujaratIndia IIT Indian School of Mines DhanbadIndia Department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of JammuJammuIndia

The study of drainage patterns in tectonically active regions is conducive to the prediction of regional *** subsurface changes can be detected by drainage conditions and manifested in the form of drainage *** Satluj valley of Bilaspur,which is traversed by numerous faults in northwest Himalayan region,was selected to analyze the effect of active tectonics on drainage *** the Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(PS-InSAR)technique,SENTINEL-1A data were used to estimate the active surface deformation between September 2015 and December *** results show that the region between Barasar Thrust(BrT)and Main Central Thrust(MCT)is undergoing deformation of±12 mm/*** Stream Power Incision Model(SPIM)was used to predict deformation *** validate the tectonic activity generated by the drainage network,seismic bvalues were calculated,indicating the accumulating *** study shows the importance of drainage anomalies in tectonically active *** used in close combination with other seismotectonic parameters,drainage anomalies can be effective in delineating tectonically active regions.

关键词： Geomorphology Deformation Satluj river Himachal Himalaya

Partial characterization of superoxide dismutase activity in the Barber pole worm-Haemonchus contortus infecting Capra hircus and abomasal tissue extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第9期4卷 718-724页

作者： Sadia Rashid malik Irshadullah Section of Parasitology Department of ZoologyAligarh Muslim University Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan University

Objective:To determine the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the male and female haematophagous caprine worms,Haemonchus contortus infecting Capra hircus,and their E/S products and also to analyse the effect of Haemonchus infection on the level of host ***:The SOD activity was analysed by using the pyrogallol autoxidation assay and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by specific enzyme staining by riboflavin-nitroblue tetrazolium ***:The adult females were found to have higher enzyme activity than the male *** amount of SOD activity was also detected in the worm culture medium and female worms secreted more SOD in comparison to the male *** SOD activity was negatively correlated to the worm *** significant decrease in SOD activity(P<0.05) was observed in the heavily infected host tissue in comparison to the control non-infected host *** profile of the crude extracts of both the sexes revealed polymorphism and a fast migrating activity band being characteristic of E/S *** SOD activities were found highly sensitive to potassium cyanide indicating the Cu/Zn form of ***:Haemonchus contortus is a key model parasite for drug and vaccine *** presences of SOD activity in appreciable amount in the parasite as well as its E/S products indicate that it has a well-developed active antioxidant system to protect itself from the host immune *** could be the target for vaccine development which is the need of the hour as mass drug administration for parasite control has resulted in anthelmintic resistance across the globe and threatens the viability of sheep and goat industry in many regions of the *** infection with Haemonchus causes a drastic reduction in SOD activity of the host tissue thus effecting its protective *** characteristic SOD band was found in the females which was not present in any other preparations and thus could b

关键词： Superoxide dismutase Haemonchus contortus Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Cu/Zn 3-D densitogram

Interaction of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide with cefixime trihydrate drug at different temperatures and compositions: Effect of different electrolytes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1895-1903页

作者： Marzia Rahman Md.Anamul Hoque malik Abdul Rub Mohammed Abdullah Khan Department of Chemistry Jahangirnagar UniversitySavarDhaka 1342Bangladesh Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Herein,conductivity measurements have been carried out to explore the interaction between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB,a cationic surfactant) and antibiotic drug(cefixime trihydrate(CMT)) in water and also in occurrence of inorganic salts(NaCl,Na2 SO4 and Na3 PO4) over the temperature range of 303.15-323.15 K with an interval of 5 *** all cases,two critical micelle concentrations(c^*) were achieved for the CMT-surfactant *** of CMT drug to CTAB solution decreases the values of c^* which indicates the interaction between CMT and *** values of c^* for CMT-CTAB mixture in the presence of salts are lower in magnitude compared to the aqueous medium which indicates that micellization of the CMT-CTAB mixed system is favorable in salt *** values of △Gm^0 were obtained to be negative indicating the spontaneity of the micellization process and the extent of spontaneity further increases by means of rising *** obtained outcomes from the ΔHm^0 and ΔSm^0 values disclose that the interactions between CMT and CTAB are mostly electrostatic along with hydrophobic in *** thermodynamic parameters of transfer and enthalpy-entropy compensation phenomenon were also determined and discussed in detail.

关键词： Cefixime trihydrate CTAB Critical micelle concentration Compensation temperature Free energy of transfer

Destruction of VOCs by combination of corona discharge and catalysis techniques

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1998年第3期10卷 21-26页

作者： Muhammad Arif malik Jiang Xuan zhen Department of Chemistry University of ZhejiangHangzhou 310027China

The catalytic effect of alumina on the destruction of toluene, benzene, acetone and methanol, in DC pulsed corona discharge reactor was studied. In the presence of alumina the inlet concentration of the VOCs was varied from ~5×10-6 mol/L to ~80×10-6 mol/L, and their decomposition efficiency (conversion %) was found to be 99%-80% for toluene, 99%-97% for benzene, 95%-92% for acetone, and 72%-85% for methanol. Corresponding decomposition in the absence of alumina was 90%-38% for toluene, 89%-57% for benzene, 42%-30% for acetone, and 47%-19% for methanol. Feed gas flow rate was 400 cm 3/min and power reading from DC source was 74 W in all of the experiments. Alumina also shifted the CO/CO 2 ratio in the by products in favor of CO 2. Ozone concentration at the reactor outlet was higher in the presence of alumina. Enhancement in VOCs decomposition by alumina was explained on the basis of higher concentration of ozone and its precursor atomic oxygen O . Decomposition efficiency (conversion %) for individual compounds was found to be inversely proportional to the ionization potential of the compound, under identical conditions. Double DC high voltage sources pulse generator was tested and found to improve VOCs decomposition compared with the conventional single DC high voltage source.

关键词： corona discharge catalysis techniques VOCs decomposition efficiency.

Lipase inhibitory activity of Lagenaria siceraria fruit as a strategy to treat obesity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第3期10卷 285-290页

作者： Maria Maqsood Dildar Ahmed Iqra Atique Wajeeha malik Department of Chemistry Forman Christian College(A Chartered University)LahorePakistan

Objective:To explore pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity under different extraction conditions in order to track the most potent ***:The methanolic extract and its fractions in solvents of increasing polarity,ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water,were made through cold *** in ethanol,ethyl acetate,acetone and chloroform were similarly *** extract was prepared through hot decoction method.A reported method was used to determine lipase inhibitory activity of extracts and fractions over wide ranges of ***:The extracts and fractions exhibited concentration dependent *** IC50(μg/mL)values of methanolic,ethanolic,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone,ethyl acetate(after washing with water)and aqueous decoction were 293.40,266.47,157.59,182.12,352.34,257.00,and 190.00,*** activity of chloroform,ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts were close to that of the drug orlistat(IC50 146μg/mL).Out of the fractions of the methanolic extract,the chloroform fraction was most active(IC50 189.6μg/mL).The order of inhibitory activity of the fractions was as follows:chloroform>ether>n-butanolic>aqueous>ethyl *** GC/MS analysis of the most active chloroform faction showed the presence of hexadecanoic acid,methyl hexadecanoate,isopropyl palmitate,methyl 9,12-octadecadienate,and methyl 9,12,***:The study suggests that Lagenaria siceraria has potential to inhibit pancreatic lipase activity,suppressing lipid digestion and thereby diminishing entry of lipids into the *** intake of aqueous decoction of the fruit may therefore be recommended for control of *** acids and their esters may play role as inhibitors of lipase.

关键词： Lagenaria siceraria Obesity Lipase inhibitory activity Bottle gourd

Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li Karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine