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Control of Blood Pressure and Complication Presence in Khartoum State, Sudan

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Open Journal of Internal medicine 2023年第4期13卷 381-394页

作者： Nisreen A. A. Ahmad maha m. Bilal Ziryab Z. m. Elmahdi Tayseer Abdelmotalib Ahmed Taha Tamadur A. Abdelrahman Rowa Abdelmonem Sidig Hamadto Sahar m. B. Elnour minstery of Health Kariba Health Center Wad Madani Sudan Family medicine Department Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Emergency Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Dhaman Health Assurance Hospitals Company Kuwait City Kuwait Diabetes Specialized Centre Port Sudan Sudan Sudan medical Specialization Board Khartoum Sudan

Background: Hypertension is a common chronic disease and an important public health problem. The prevention of complications depends on hypertension control. Aim: To assess blood pressure control, complication presence, and their influencing factors. methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with hypertension attending a private medical facility, a governmental facility, and a primary health care center in Khartoum, Sudan, between September 2022 and February 2023. Statistical Package for Special Sciences version 25 was used for data analysis;frequency and percentage were used to describe the qualitative variables. A chi-square test was used for co-relation analysis;a P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the confidence interval was 95%. Results: The study included 250 participants;55.6% were males. Their age was 58.77 ± 6.80 years, and they had hypertension for 10.7 ± 8.51 years. The duration of the disease was 10.7 ± 8.51 years. Systolic blood pressure was 127.1 ± 11.3 mm hg, and diastolic blood pressure was 81.6 ± 7.1 mm hg. Of the participants, 76.4% had controlled hypertension, while 27.6% had complications due to hypertension. Controlled blood pressure was associated with females, age group 40 - 60 years, normal waist circumference, and high adherence level (P ≤ 0.05). The presence of complications was associated with males, participants older than 60 years, and a low adherence level (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: In Sudan, the level of control is good;nonetheless, not all patients achieve it. Availability and access to treatment facilities and medications should be improved. Proper patient counseling should be offered, as well as continuous care.

关键词： Hypertension Blood Pressure Control Complications

Role of multidetector CT in Staging of Gastric Carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2019年第7期10卷 565-579页

作者： Hisham mostafa Kamel Emam Ehab mansour mohammed moussa mohammed Abouelmaged maha Ragab Ismail Ibrahim Radiodiagnosis Department Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt Surgical Oncology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut Egypt

Background: Radiology plays an essential role in the diagnosis, staging and surveillance of oncology patients. CT is the most sensitive imaging modality in the workup of these patients. Aim of the Study: The aim of this work is to detect the role of mDCT (multidetector computed tomography) in the preoperative investigation of gastric adenocarcinoma patients according to TNm staging. Patients and methods: This is a prospective study enrolling 20 patients who had histologically proven adenocarcinoma based upon an upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy for mDCT staging of gastric carcinoma during the period from June 2016 to June 2017. The mSCT data were correlated and compared with the histopathological results. The study was conducted in the Radiology Department of Assiut University Hospital using 64-mDCT (Toshiba Aquilion). Results: According to our study results, the sensitivity of determining T1 stage on CT scan can’t be detected as there was only 1 case pathologically proved T1 and overstaged as T2 by mSCT;however, accuracy and specificity are quite high, which was 95% and 100% respectively. For T2 stage tumors (25.0% of cases), accuracy is 95%, sensitivity—100%, and specificity—93.7%. According to our results the accuracy and sensitivity of T3 staging are 75% and 100%, while those of T4 stage were 75% and 44.4% respectively. Tumor was correctly staged in 14 of 20 patients (the valid T staging rate was 70.0%). Tumor was under-staged in 5 of 20 patients (25.0%) (staged as T3, but pathologically proven to be T4a). As regards N staging accuracy found results for N0 (62.5%), N2 (87.5%) and N3 (75%), while N1 accuracy recorded 37.5%. As regards the nodal staging sensitivity which had a range from (0% for N4) to (66% for N2) this wide range of sensitivity demonstrates the problem of CT in nodal staging. As regards sensitivity of m0, accuracy was 100% and 85% respectively. While that of m1 was (62.5%) and (85%) respectively. Conclusion: mSCT can be the first choice fo

关键词： multidetector CT Gastric Carcinoma

China's great wall, Israel's Bar Lev Line, and passive infectious disease surveillance

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Journal of medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2014年第2期29卷 77-79页

作者： maha A Elbadry mary m merrill meng-meng ma mai-Juan ma Jia-Hai Lu Wu-Chun Cao Gregory C Gray One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training College of Public Health and Health Professions University of Florida P.O. Box 100188Gainesville FL 32610 USA School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research Ministry of Education Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology

Emerging infectious diseases are some of modern society's greatest threats. Like some great construction efforts designed to protect mankind, current public health measures against these emerging pathogens have not always been successful. This paper highlights the importance of embracing new interdisciplinary approaches towards emerging pathogen threats. One such approach, termed One Health, is quickly being embraced by professional organizations and public health institutions across the world as a way forward. This paper briefly discusses the above problems and preliminary steps taken by Chinese academic institutions to embrace the One Health approach.

关键词： zoonoses communicable diseases emerging epidemiology public health one health

Gemcitabine followed by radiotherapy in treatment of newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas

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Journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2016年第1期2卷 188-194页

作者： maha El-Naggar mervat Omar Ahmed Elgeriany Godefridus J.Peters Amina mostafa Samir Shehata Department of medical oncology Assiut University HospitalAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Neurosurgery Assiut University HospitalAssiut 71515Egypt Department of medical Oncology VU University Medical Center1081 HV Amsterdamthe Netherlands

Aim:High-grade glioblastoma multiforme(GBm)has a poor median overall survival(OS).The standard treatment after surgery is temozolomide and radiotherapy(RTH).Patients with unmethylated methylguanine-methyltransferase promoter(mGmT)have no or little benefit from temozolomide and are eligible for alternative *** is a good *** aimed to evaluate the combination of gemcitabine with RTH in newly diagnosed ***:The study was a prospective phase II *** patients were required to have histologically proven anaplastic astrocytoma or *** underwent biopsies or subtotal *** treatment consisted of fixed-dose rate gemcitabine 175 mg/m^(2) weekly followed after 24 h by standard cranial RTH for 6 *** response was evaluated by macdonald *** case of progression,patients received temozolomide(200 mg/m^(2)/5 days every 28 days).Results:T hirty patients w ith a median age of 52 years(30-69),73%/27%m ale/female,t he Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 1(range 0-2)were *** patients had a partial-response(17%)and 13 stable-disease(43%).median time to progression was 7.88 months(95%CI 6.1-9.69)and OS was 11.77 months(95%CI 9.97-13.56).The treatment was well tolerated with grade-3 neutropenia in 3,grade-3 anemia in 2 and impaired liver enzymes in 1 ***:Gemcitabine followed by radiotherapy is active and promising regimen in newly diagnosed *** uptake is easy,with a long local retention of active metabolites,precluding systemic side effects of *** a phase III study this treatment should be evaluated in patients with unmethylated mGmT promoter who will not benefit from temozolomide.

关键词： Gemcitabine radiation glioblastoma multiforma temozolomide

Effect of Different Supplementation Levels of Soybean Flour on Pearl millet Functional Properties

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第1期3卷 1-6页

作者： maha A. m. Ali Abdullahi H. El Tinay Abd Elmoneim O. Elkhalifa Limya O. mallasy Elfadil E. Babiker 不详

Pearl millet cultivar (Dempy) was supplemented with soybean flour to raise the protein content by 5%, 10% and 15%. Defatted soybean flour, pearl millet flour and their composite flour had varying functional properties. Water and fat absorption, bulk density, nitrogen solubility and dispersibility were higher for soybean flour compared to that of pearl millet flour. Therefore, such properties were improved significantly (P ≤ 0.05) for pearl millet with increasing the level of soybean supplementation. The emulsifying and foaming properties of pearl millet flour were poor but after supplementation with soybean they significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved. Supplementation of pearl millet flour with soybean had no effect on least gelation concentration of millet. The implication of these results will be realized in designing protein-enriched products based on pearl millet flour, especially for pearl millet–growing regions in the under-developing countries.

关键词： Pearl millet Soybean Supplementation Functional Properties

Evaluation of the systematic set-up errors using electronic portal image device in the radiotherapy procedures

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The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013年第9期12卷 439-442页

作者： Ehab m. Attalla Rizk Abd El moneam Aida R. Tolba maha H.mokhtar medhat W. Ismail Children Cancer Hospital Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear medicine National Cancer Institute Cairo University Faculty of Science Helwan University

Objective： The aim of this work was to quantify the extent of set-up errors to conduct a quality assurance （QA） aspect of treatment delivery, verification of the treatment field＇s position on different days using electronic portal. methods： This study was carried out on 12 patients, treated for pelvis tumor; and total of 240 images obtained by electronic portal image device （EPID） were analyzed. The EPIs acquire using EPID attached to the Siemens linear accelerator. The anatomy match- ing software （Theraview） was used and displacement in two dimensions were noted for each treatment field to study patient setup errors. Results： The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in X direction were 65% ＆ 92%, from 5-10 mm were 31% ＆ 19% and more than 10 mm were 11% ＆ 9% forNP and lateral direction respectively. The percentages of mean deviations less than 5 mm in Y direction were 65% ＆ 63%, from 5-10 mm were 33% ＆ 28% and more than 10 mm were 22% ＆ 29%. The mean deviations in 2D-vector errors were 〈 5 mm in 47% and 46%, 5-10 mm in 36% and 37% and 〉 10 mm in 37% and 37% of images in the NP and lateral direction respectively. Conclusion： The results revealed that the ranges of set up errors are immobilization method to improve reproducibility. The observed variations were not within the limits..

关键词： electronic portal imaging device (EPID) setup errors tumor control probability

measuring Radiotherapy Setup Errors in ImRT Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients Requiring Bilateral Neck Irradiation, NCI-Egypt Experience

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第13期8卷 1160-1168页

作者： may G. Ashour Tarek H. Shouman Ashraf H. Hassouna Reem m. Emad El Din maha H. mokhtar mohamed A. Khalil Radiation Oncology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Cairo Egypt Physics Unit Radiation Oncology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Objective: We aim to quantify the magnitude of setup errors in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (ImRT) treated Head and Neck cancer patients and recommend appropriate PTV margin. methods: 60 patients with head and neck cancer required bilateral neck irradiation were planned and treated by simultaneous integrated boost ImRT technique either treated radically or postoperative. Patients undergoing image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) each with once weekly scheduled cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The 3D displacements, systematic and random errors were calculated. The appropriate PTV expansion was determined using Van Herk’s formula. Results: mean 3D displacement was 0.16 cm in the vertical direction, 0.14 cm in the horizontal direction and 0.16 cm in the longitudinal direction. Conclusion: Use of weekly CBCT allows the planning target volume (PTV) expansion to be reduced according to our setup. The appropriate clinical target volume (CTV)-PTV margin for our institute is 0.30 cm, 0.38 cm, and 0.33 cm in the horizontal, vertical, and longitudinal directions, respectively.

关键词： ImRT CBCT Setup Errors Head and Neck

HepG2 cells support viral replication and gene expression of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in vitro

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第30期12卷 4836-4842页

作者： mostafa K El-Awady Ashraf A Tabll Yasmine S El-Abd mahmoud m Bahgat Hussein A Shoeb Samar S Youssef Noha G Bader El Din El-Rashdy m Redwan maha El-Demellawy moataza H Omran Wael T El-Garf Said A Goueli Department of Biomedical Technology National Research Center Tahrir Street PO 12622 Dokki Cairo Egypt Department of medicinal Chemistry Na- tional Research Center Tahrir Street PO 12622 Dokki Cairo Egypt Department of microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt Department of Pathology School of medicine University of Wisconsin Madison WI United States

AIm： TO establish a cell culture system with longterm replication of hepatitis C virus （HCV） genome and expression of viral antigens in vitro. mETHODS： HepG2 cell line was tested for its susceptibility to HCV by incubation with a serum from a patient with chronic hepatitis C. Cells and supernatant were harvested at various time points during the culture. Culture supernatant was tested for its ability to infect na＇ive cells. The presence of minus （antisense） RNA strand, and the detection of core and E1 antigens in cells were examined by RT-PCR and immunological techniques （flow cytometry and Western blot） respectively. RESULTS： The intracellular HCV RNA was first detected on d 3 after infection and then could be consistently detected in both cells and supernatant over a period of at least three months. The fresh cells could be infected with supernatant from cultured infected cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed surface and intracellular HCV antigen expression using in house made polyclonal antibodies （anti-core, and anti-E1）. Western blot analysis showed the expression of a cluster of immunogenic peptides at molecular weights extended between 31 and 45 kDa in an one month old culture of infected cells whereas this cluster was undetectable in uninfected HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION： HepG2 cell line is not only susceptible to HCV infection but also supports its replication in vitro. Expression of HCV structural proteins can be detected in infected HepG2 cells. These cells are also capable of shedding viral particles into culture media which in turn become infectious to uninfected cells.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus In vitro propagation Genomic replication Gene expression HepG2 cells

Trends of Pediatric Outpatients Prescribing in Umm Al Quwain, United Arab Emirates

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2015年第1期6卷 9-16页

作者： Suleiman I. Sharif Aseel H. Nassar Fatima K. Al-Hamami maha m. Hassanein Ashkur H. Elmi Rubian S. Sharif Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmacotherapeutics College of Pharmacy University of SharjahSharjah United Arab Emirates

Background: Data with regard to local drug prescribing in pediatric population is scarce. This study was carried out to investigate the patterns of drug prescribing for pediatric outpatient in a general hospital in the United Arab Emirates. methods: A total of 707 prescriptions were collected from a governmental hospital in Umm Al Quwain, United Arab Emirates covering the months of June and July, 2014. Encounters issued for patients older than 12 years were rejected. A total of 520 prescriptions for age groups ranging from 1 week to 12 years were studied. Prescriptions were analyzed using WHO drug use indicators. Results: All prescriptions were electronic and head lettered by the name of the hospital. Average number of drugs per prescriptions was 2.6 and all drugs were generics. Name of patient, age and gender and prescriber’s name and E-signature were present in 100%. Patient’s address, allergy and diagnosis were present in 21.15%, 83.26% and 64.42% of prescriptions respectively. Complete dosage regimen was present in all encounters. Patients were prescribed one, two, three, four or more than four drugs per prescription in 23.84%, 27.88%, 26.53%, 12.69%, and 8.65% respectively. The most commonly prescribed therapeutic classes of drugs were antibiotics (44.60%), antihistamines (43.65%), and analgesics/antipyretics (32.30%). The most commonly prescribed drugs among each class were amoxicillin (40%), xylometazoline (61.23%), and paracetamol (87.5%). Conclusion: Present results indicate that prescribing trends for pediatric population seems to be rational. However, there is over use of antibiotics and there are some areas that warrant further attention by the prescribers for a more significantly rational prescribing.

关键词： Prescriptions Trends Pediatrics Outpatients Drug Use Indicators