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Clathrate metal superhydrides under high-pressure conditions: enroute to room-temperature superconductivity

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 33-46页

作者： Ying Sun Xin Zhong Hanyu Liu Yanming ma Key Laboratory of material Simulation Methods&Software of Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Superhard materials College of PhysicsJilin University International Center of Future Science Jilin University

Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream of mankind and a focus of considerable interest in the research field of superconductivity. Significant progress has recently been achieved in hydrogen-based superconductors found in superhydrides（hydrides with unexpectedly high hydrogen contents） that are stabilized under high-pressure conditions and are not capturable at ambient *** particular interest is the discovery of a class of best-ever-known superconductors in clathrate metal superhydrides that hold the record for high superconductivity(e.g. Tc= 250–260 K for LaH10) among known superconductors and have great promise to be those that realize the long-sought room-temperature superconductivity. In these peculiar clathrate superhydrides, hydrogen forms unusual ‘clathrate’ cages containing encaged metal atoms, of which such a kind was first reported in a calcium hexa-superhydride（CaH6） showing a measured high Tcof 215 K under a pressure of 170 GPa. In this review, we aim to offer an overview of the current status of research progress on the clathrate metal superhydride superconductors,discuss the superconducting mechanism and highlight the key features（e.g. structure motifs, bonding features, electronic structure, etc.） that govern the high-temperature superconductivity. Future research direction along this line to find room-temperature superconductors will be discussed.

关键词： clathrate superhydrides high-temperature superconductivity high-pressure conditions crystal structure prediction

Accelerated heterogenous ring-opening polymerization towards well-defined helical poly(N-allyl alanine)with clickable side chains

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2056-2062页

作者： Anyao ma Xin Wang Sunting Xuan Zhengbiao Zhang College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123China

Well-defined poly(N-allyl alanine)has been synthesized by heterogenous ring-opening polymerization(HROP)of less reactive N-allyl-alanine N-carboxyanhydride,using acetic acid as the catalyst and benzylamine as the initiator,in non-polar ***,the polymerization exhibited typical features of living polymerization though both monomer(liquid)and polymer(solid)have minimal solubility in *** obtained polymer showed a stable helix structure independent of the temperatures screened,as evidenced by circular dichroism ***,the preliminary study demonstrated that the side chains can be post-functionalized through thiol-ene click chemistry with quantitative ***,this work provides guidance for the development of accelerated HROP of other liquid monomers bearing low ***,the helical and functionalizable poly(N-allyl alanine)could be a useful“clickable platform”for the design of variable biomaterials via efficient click chemistry.

关键词： heterogenous ring-opening polymerization controlled polymerization stable helix clickable N-substituted polypeptide di-substituted polypeptoid

“Blocking and rebalance”mechanism-guided design strategies of bimetallic doped 2D a-phosphorus carbide as efficient catalysts for N_(2) electroreduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 68-78,I0003页

作者： Cheng He Jianglong ma Shen Xi Wenxue Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049ShanxiChina School of materials Science and Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064ShaanxiChina

Compared to single atom catalysts(SACs),the introduction of dual atom catalysts(DACs)has a significantly positive effect on improving the efficiency in the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)which provides an environmental alternative to the Haber-Bosch ***,the research on the mechanism and strategy of designing bimetallic combinations for better performance is still in its early ***,based on"blocking and rebalance"mechanism,45 combinations of bimetallic pair dopedα-phosphorus carbide(TM_(A)TM_(B)@PC)are investigated as efficient NRR catalysts through density functional theory and machine learning *** a multi-step screening,the combinations of TiV,TiFe,MnMo,and FeW exhibit highly efficient catalytic performance with significantly lower limiting potentials(-0.17,-0.18,-0.14,and-0.30 V,respectively).Excitingly,the limiting potential for CrMo and CrW combinations is 0 V,which are considered to be extremely suitable for the NRR *** mechanism of"blocking and rebalance"is revealed by the exploration of charge transfer for phosphorus atoms in electron blocking ***,the descriptorφis proposed with machine learning,which provides design strategies and accurate prediction for finding efficient *** work not only offers promising catalysts TM_(A)TM_(B)@PC for NRR process but also provides design strategies by presenting the descriptorφ.

关键词： DACs Nitrogen reduction reaction 2D a-phosphorus carbide Inherent attributes machine learning

Electrocatalytic coupling of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate reduction for ammonia synthesis from air and water

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7824-7829页

作者： Aijing ma Jianzhou Gui Yanmei Huang Yifu Yu State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute of Molecular Plus School of Chemical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Ammonia plays a vital role in present agriculture and industry,and is also regarded as a next-generation clean energy *** development of electrocatalysis raises an opportunity to make ammonia synthesis compatible with intermittent and variable renewable energy sources such as solar and wind ***,the direct ammonia electrosynthesis from N_(2)reduction is still challenging due to the much easier hydrogen evolution competition *** this perspective,we propose a novel strategy for ammonia electrosynthesis from air and water based on the coupling of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate *** methods for breaking the bottlenecks of anodic nitrogen oxidation and cathodic nitrate reduction are discussed *** that,key issues that need to be considered in the coupled system are proposed for the application of this strategy.

关键词： electrocatalysis nitrogen oxidation nitrate reduction nitrogen fixation ammonia synthesis

面向天文多普勒差分测速的太阳/行星光谱对生成方法

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宇航学报 2024年第2期45卷 273-282页

作者：刘劲徐玉豪尤伟陈晓张子军马辛武汉科技大学信息科学与工程学院武汉430081 北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院北京100191 上海卫星工程研究所上海201109

为了提供天文多普勒差分测速所需的同步太阳/行星光谱对,提出了一种变分自编码器(VAE)和对偶生成对抗网络(Dual GAN)相融合的VAE-Dual GAN。首先,实测太阳光谱经过VAE编码到隐空间,实现了光谱到光谱域的扩充;然后,由Dual GAN将隐空间映... 详细信息

为了提供天文多普勒差分测速所需的同步太阳/行星光谱对,提出了一种变分自编码器(VAE)和对偶生成对抗网络(Dual GAN)相融合的VAE-Dual GAN。首先,实测太阳光谱经过VAE编码到隐空间,实现了光谱到光谱域的扩充;然后,由Dual GAN将隐空间映射到伪行星光谱;最后,利用伪行星光谱生成重构太阳光谱。此外,利用编码和生成重建损失加强对网络的约束。VAE-Dual GAN利用Dual GAN的转换学习能力完成了两个光谱域的转换,生成同步太阳/行星光谱对。实验结果表明,VAE-Dual GAN可生成高质量的太阳/行星光谱对,将天文多普勒差分测速精度提高60%以上。

关键词：天文导航测速导航太阳/行星光谱对生成对抗网络变分自编码器

介孔碳基固体酸的制备及在生物柴油生产中的应用

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石油炼制与化工 2017年第4期48卷 73-77页

作者：李传亮计伟荣马兵兵方雨豪浙江工业大学化学工程学院杭州310000

以蔗糖为碳源、SiO_2为模板剂,采用碳化-磺化法制备介孔碳基固体酸催化剂,通过酸碱滴定、BET、XRD、FT-IR、SEM等方法对其进行表征,考察碳化温度、磺化温度对催化剂性能的影响,并将其用于大豆油与甲醇的酯交换反应,考察反应条件及原料... 详细信息

以蔗糖为碳源、SiO_2为模板剂,采用碳化-磺化法制备介孔碳基固体酸催化剂,通过酸碱滴定、BET、XRD、FT-IR、SEM等方法对其进行表征,考察碳化温度、磺化温度对催化剂性能的影响,并将其用于大豆油与甲醇的酯交换反应,考察反应条件及原料中脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明:制备催化剂的适宜条件为碳化温度400℃、磺化温度170℃;大豆油与甲醇酯交换反应的最佳条件为反应温度130℃、醇油摩尔比30、反应时间4h、催化剂用量(占大豆油质量的百分比)8%,生物柴油收率最高达95.94%;连续使用5次后,生物柴油收率仍达到85.46%,说明催化剂具有良好的稳定性;原料中的脂肪酸对催化剂性能有一定的负面影响,但当脂肪酸质量分数达到15%时,生物柴油收率依然可达90%以上。

关键词：碳化-磺化介孔碳基固体酸酯交换生物柴油

Silencing transformer and transformer-2 in Zeugodacus cucurbitae causes defective sex determination with inviability of most pseudomales

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 938-947页

作者： Qin ma Zizhen Fan Ping Wang Siya ma Jian Wen Fengqin Cao Xianwu Lin Rihui Yan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests of Ministry of Education School of Plant ProtectionHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Life Sciences HainanUniversityHaikou 570228China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab Sanya 572000China

transformer is a switch gene for sex determination in many insects, which cooperates with transformer-2 that is expressed in both sexes to regulate female differentiation, particularly in dipterans. Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett) is a very destructive pest worldwide, however, its sex determination pathway remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that the female sex ratio is sharply reduced with knockdown of either transformer or transformer-2 by RNA interference in early embryos of Z. cucurbitae. Most of the males grown from the embryos with transient transformer and transformer-2 suppression mated with wild-type females and produced mixed sex progeny, with one exception that produced only female progeny, and all of the few remaining males failed to mate with wild-type females and produced no progeny. The exceptional male and those males with mating failure were XX pseudomales as determined by the detection of Y chromosome-linked maleness-on-the-Y, indicating that most XX pseudomales are not viable. The phenotypes of transformer and transformer-2 suggest that they play a key role in regulating sex determination and are required for female sexual development of Z. cucurbitae. Our results will be beneficial to the understanding of sex determination in Z. cucurbitae and can facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains for its biological control.

关键词： Zeugodacus cucurbitae transformer transformer-2 sex determination RNA interference biological control

Testing Bell inequality through h→ττ at CEPC

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 59-71页

作者： Kai ma Tong Li Faculty of Science Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The decay of Higgs boson into two spin-1/2 particles provides an ideal system to reveal quantum entanglement and *** e^(+)e^(-) colliders can improve the measurement accuracy of the spin correlation of tau lepton pairs from Higgs boson *** show the testability of Bell inequality through h→ττ at Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC).Two realistic methods of testing Bell inequality are investigated,i.e.,Törnqvist's method and Clauser-Home-Shimony-Holt(CHSH)*** the simulation,we consider the detector effects of CEPC including uncertainties for tracks and jets from Z boson in the production of e^(+)e^(-)→*** reconstruction approaches are described to measure quantum entanglement between τ^(+) and τ^(-).Finally,we show the sensitivity of CEPC to Bell inequality violation for the two methods.

关键词： Bell inequality Higgs boson CEPC

maP4K inhibition as a potential therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1639-1640页

作者： Shuaipeng ma Chun-Li Zhang Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a rare neurological disease,featuring gradual loss of muscle controls due to degeneration of motor ***,there is currently no cure for *** available therapies only offer a limited e... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration sclerosis maP4