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Assessing progression of keratoconus: novel tomographic determinants

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 49-57页

作者： joshua K.Duncan Michael W.Belin mark Borgstrom Department of Ophthalmology&Vision Science University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA University of Arizona University Information Technology ServicesTucsonAZUSA

Several methods have been described in the literature to both evaluate and document progression in keratoconus,but there is no consistent or clear definition of ectasia *** authors describe how modern corneal tomography,including both anterior and posterior elevation and pachymetric data can be used to screen for ectatic progression,and how software programs such as the Enhanced Reference Surface and the Belin-Ambrosio Enhanced Ectasia Display(BAD)can be employed to detect earlier ***,in order to describe specific quantitative values that can be used as progression determinants,the normal noise measurement of the three parameters(corneal thickness at the thinnest point,anterior and posterior radius of curvature(ARC,PRC)taken from the 3.0 mm optical zone centered on the thinnest point),was *** values were obtained by imaging five normal patients using three different technicians on three separate *** 95%and 80%one-sided confidence intervals for all three parameters were surprisingly small(7.88/4.03μm for corneal thickness,0.024/0.012 mm for ARC,and 0.083/0.042 mm for PRC),suggesting that they may perform well as progression determinants.

关键词： Keratoconus Tomography Ectatic disease Progression Amsler-Krumeich Scheimpflug Collagen cross-linking

EtherClue:Digital investigation of attacks on Ethereum smart contracts

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第4期2卷 12-29页

作者： Simon Joseph Aquilina Fran Casino mark Vella joshua Ellul Constantinos Patsakis Department of Computer Science University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta Department of Informatics University of PiraeusPiraeus18534Greece Information management Systems Institute Athena Research CenterMarousi15125Greece Centre for Distributed Ledger Technologies University of MaltaMsidaMSD 2080Malta

Programming errors in Ethereum smart contracts can result in catastrophic financial losses from stolen *** vulnerability detectors can prevent vulnerable contracts from being deployed,this does not mean that such contracts will not be *** a vulnerable contract is instantiated on the blockchain and becomes the target of attacks,the identification of exploit transactions becomes indispensable in assessing whether it has been actually exploited and identifying which malicious or subverted accounts were *** this work,we study the problem of post-factum investigation of Ethereum attacks using Indicators of Compromise(IoC)specially crafted for use in the *** definitions need to capture the side-effects of successful exploitation in the context of the Ethereum ***,we define a model for smart contract execution,comprising multiple abstraction levels that mirror the multiple views of code execution on a ***,we compare IoCs defined across the different levels in terms of their effectiveness and practicality through EtherClue,a prototype tool for investigating Ethereum security *** results illustrate that coarse-grained IoCs defined over blocks of transactions can detect exploit transactions with less ***,they are contract-specific and suffer from false *** the other hand,fine-grained IoCs defined over virtual machine instructions can avoid these pitfalls at the expense of increased computation,which is nevertheless applicable for practical use.

关键词： Blockchain forensics Ethereum attacks Indicators of compromise Ethereum operational semantics

management of lumbar zygapophysial (facet) joint pain

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第5期7卷 315-337页

作者： Laxmaiah manchikanti joshua A Hirsch Frank JE Falco mark V Boswell Pain management Center of Paducah Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine University of Louisville NeuroInterventional Services and Neuroen-dovascular Program Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Mid Atlantic Spine and Pain Physicians Pain Medicine Fellowship Program Temple University Hospital

AIM: To investigate the diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back ***: The review process applied systematic evidence-based assessment methodology of controlled trials of diagnostic validity and randomized controlled trials of therapeutic efficacy. Inclusion criteria encompassed all facet joint interventions performed in a controlled fashion. The pain relief of greater than 50% was the outcome measure for diagnostic accuracy assessment of the controlled studies with ability to perform previously painful movements, whereas, for randomized controlled therapeutic efficacy studies, the primary outcome was significant pain relief and the secondary outcome was a positive change in functional status. For the inclusion of the diagnostic controlled studies, all studies must have utilized either placebo controlled facet joint blocks or comparative local anesthetic blocks. In assessing therapeutic interventions, short-term and long-term reliefs were defined as either up to 6 mo or greater than 6 mo of relief. The literature search was extensive utilizing various types of electronic search media including Pub Med from 1966 onwards, Cochrane library, National Guideline Clearinghouse, ***, along with other sources includingprevious systematic reviews, non-indexed journals, and abstracts until march 2015. Each manuscript included in the assessment was assessed for methodologic quality or risk of bias assessment utilizing the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies checklist for diagnostic interventions, and Cochrane review criteria and the Interventional Pain management Techniques- Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for therapeutic interventions. Evidence based on the review of the systematic assessment of controlled studies was graded utilizing a modified schema of qualitative evidence with best evidence synthesis, variable from level Ⅰ to level Ⅴ.RESULTS: Acro

关键词： Chronic low back pain Lumbar facet joint pain Lumbar discogenic pain Intraarticular injections Lumbar facet joint nerve blocks Lumbar facet joint radiofrequency Controlled diagnostic blocks Lumbar facet joint

Positive Organizational Scholarship from a Psychotherapeutic Perspective

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 67-72页

作者： joshua Hollis mark Cogburn Student Counseling Center LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

many organizational development perspectives and discussions adopt a medical or diagnostic viewpoint of organizational dysfunction, focusing heavily on the numerous deficiencies, mistakes, and other negative aspects of struggling organizations. While any organization has a fair share of problems to address, such an overarching focus on everything that is wrong with an organization can create a harmful cycle of pessimism, depression, and low energy that can be difficult to overcome. Positive Organization Scholarship (POS) practitioners, much like the skilled therapist, help organizations shift from a negative, limiting mindset into a positive, open mindset in order to facilitate positive change. This paper explores how cognitive reappraisal strategies common in psychotherapy could be used by POS practitioners to facilitate change and growth in the organizations they serve.

关键词： Organizational Development Positive Organizational Scholarship Psychotherapy Reframing Reappraisal Stoic Philosophy

In situ electron holography of the dynamic magnetic field emanating from a hard-disk drive writer

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Nano Research 2015年第4期8卷 1241-1249页

作者： joshua F. Einsle Christophe Gatel Aurelien masseboeuf Robin Cours Muhammad A. Bashir mark Gubbins Robert M. Bowman Etienne Snoeck Centre for Nanostructured Media School of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UK CEMES-CNRS 29 rueJ. Marvig 31055 Toulouse France Universite de Toulouse Paul Sabatier 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Seagate Technology I Disc Drive Springtown Industrial Estate Derry City Co. BT48 OBF Londonderry UK

The proliferation of mobile devices in society accessing data via the ＂cloud＂ is imposing a dramatic increase in the amount of information to be stored on hard disk drives （HDD） used in servers. Forecasts are that areal densities will need to increase by as much as 35% compound per annum and by 2,020 cloud storage capacity will be around 7 zettabytes corresponding to areal densities of 2 Tb/in^2. This requires increased performance from the magnetic pole of the electromag- netic writer in the read/write head in the HDD. Current state-of-art writing is undertaken by morphologically complex magnetic pole of sub 100 nm dimensions, in an environment of engineered magnetic shields and it needs to deliver strong directional magnetic field to areas on the recording media around 50 nm × 13 nm. This points to the need for a method to perform direct quantitative measurements of the magnetic field generated by the write pole at the nanometer scale. Here we report on the complete in situ quantitative mapping of the magnetic field generated by a functioning write pole in operation using electron holography. The results point the way towards a new nanoscale magnetic field source to further develop in situ transmission electron microscopy.

关键词： electron transmissionmicroscopy off-axis electronholography in situ magnetic field magnetic recording hard disk write pole

Estimating abundance and density of Amur tigers along the Sino- Russian border

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第4期11卷 322-332页

作者： Wenhong XIAO Limin FENG Pu MOU Dale GMIQUELLE mark HEBBLEWHITE joshua FGOLDBERG Hugh SROBINSON Xiaodan ZHAO Bo ZHOU Tianming WANG Jianping GE State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineeringand College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation SciencesCollege of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontanaUSA Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA Department of Ecology Far Eastern Federal UniversityAyaksRusski IslandVladivostokRussia Evolution Ecology and Organismal Biology ProgramDepartment of BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA Panthera New YorkNYUSA

As an apex predator the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)could play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of forest ecosystems in Northeast *** to habitat loss and harvest over the past century,tigers rapidly declined in China and are now restricted to the Russian Far East and bordering habitat in nearby *** facilitate restoration of the tiger in its historical range,reliable estimates of population size are essential to assess effectiveness of conservation *** we used camera trap data collected in Hunchun National Nature Reserve from April to June 2013 and 2014 to estimate tiger density and abundance using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian spatially explicit capture-recapture(SECR)methods.A minimum of 8 individuals were detected in both sample periods and the documentation of marking behavior and reproduction suggests the presence of a resident *** Bayesian SECR modeling within the 11400 km2 state space,density estimates were 0.33 and 0.40 individuals/100 km^(2) in 2013 and 2014,respectively,corresponding to an estimated abundance of 38 and 45 animals for this transboundary Sino-Russian *** a maximum likelihood framework,we estimated densities of 0.30 and 0.24 individuals/100 km^(2) corresponding to abundances of 34 and 27,in 2013 and 2014,*** density estimates are comparable to other published estimates for resident Amur tiger populations in the Russian Far *** study reveals promising signs of tiger recovery in Northeast China,and demonstrates the importance of connectivity between the Russian and Chinese populations for recovering tigers in Northeast China.

关键词： Amur tiger camera traps density individual identification spatial capture-recapture

Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases following systemic chemotherapy and surgical resection for metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第1期9卷 20-25页

作者： Mina S makary Lawrence S Krishner Evan J Wuthrick mark P Bloomston joshua D Dowell Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery and James Cancer Hospital and Richard Solove Research Institute the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignancy with generally poor outcomes and limited treatment *** surgical resection can be curative for early local disease,most patients present with advanced ACC owing to nonspecific *** those patients,treatment options include systemic chemotherapy and locoregional therapies including radiofrequency ablation and transarterial *** present the first reported case of utilizing yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)in combination with first line EDP-M(Etoposide,Doxorubicin,Cisplatin,Mitotane)chemotherapy and debulking surgical primary tumor resection for treatment of metastatic *** complete radiologic response has been maintained after twelve months with resolution of clinical *** findings prompt the need for further consideration and studies to elucidate the role of SIRT in combination with systemic and surgical treatment for metastatic ACC.

关键词： Adrenocortical carcinoma Hepatic metastases Radioembolization Yttrium-90

The Effect of Youth Coaching Styles on “Winner, Non-Winner” and “Loser” Scripts in Young Athletes

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Health 2019年第11期11卷 1493-1500页

作者： mark Cogburn joshua Hollis Rita Horton Health Sciences Center Louisiana State University Shreveport USA

Purpose and Motivation: Youth coaches continue to be among the most important influences in the lives of children and adolescents. This article looks at four specific youth coaching styles and how three of the coaching approaches evoke poor coping skills and weaken resiliency behaviors in children and adolescents. Problem: The authors present an overview of how youth coaching styles contribute to unconscious powerful Transactional Analysis (TA) life scripts that can negatively impact children into adulthood. The authors examine four unique coaching styles and their effect on the Winner, Loser, and Non-Winner life scripts found in the Transactional Analysis literature. Methods: While the literature is quite limited on this topic, themes and inferences were drawn from previously published professional literature. Results: Findings reflect how specific coaching styles may evoke winner, loser and non-winner scripts in young athletes, and that these scripts can influence children later in life. Conclusion: The authors recommend using the positive-structured coaching style in youth sports to promote resiliency, fun, and improved coping skills in youth playing sports.

关键词： Coaching Styles Youth Sports Transactional Analysis Mental Health Athletes

magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1117-1130页

作者： joshua T.Padilla Donald W.Watts Jeffrey M.Novak Vasile Cerven James A.Ippolito Ariel A.Szogi mark G.Johnson United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCoastal Plains SoilWater and Plant Research CenterFlorenceSC 29501USA School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment United States Environmental Protection AgencyCorvallisOR 97331USA

Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus(P)are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural *** litter(PL)is an abundant biochar ***,PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P *** study investigated the effect of magnesium(Mg)activation on extractable P(EP)and P sorption capacities of PL-derived *** was produced at 500-900℃ from PL activated with 0-1 M *** differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated(1-,3-5-,and 7-9-year-old).Increased Mg activation level and pyrolysis temperature both resulted in EP reductions from the ***,biochars produced at temperatures≥700℃ from PL activated with≥0.25 M Mg had negligible EP.X-ray diffractograms indicated that increased Mg loading favored the formation of stable Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) phases while increasing temperature favored the formation of both Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)*** P sorption capacities(Pmax)of the biochars were estimated by fitting Langmuir isotherms to batch sorption data and ranged from 0.66-10.35 mg g^(−1).Average Pmax values were not affected by PL age or pyrolysis temperature;however,biochars produced from 1 M Mg-activated PL did have significantly higher average Pmax values(p<0.05),likely due to a greater abundance of ***,the results demonstrated that Mg activation is an effective strategy for producing PLderived biochars with the potential ability to reduce P loading into environmentally sensitive ecosystems.

关键词： sorption activation pyrolysis