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Recent progress in two-dimensional metallenes and th.ir potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Ch.mistry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Umer Sh.h.ad moh.in Saeed muh.mmad Fazle Rabbee h.di m.marwani Jeh.n Y.Al-h.maidi muh.mmad Altaf Raed h.Alth.mali Kwang-h.un Baek md.Rabiul Awual moh.mmed m.Rah.an Department of Ch.mistry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Biotech.ology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced materials Research.CEAmR) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Ch.mistry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Ch.mistry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Ch.mistry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian Sch.ol of mines:minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In th.s article,we looked at metallenes,a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)metals th.t are attracting interest in th. energy and catalysis *** is one area wh.re th.ir exceptional ph.sicoch.mical and electrical ch.racteristics migh. be *** are unique because th.y include several metal atoms th.t are not in a coordinated *** makes th.m more active and improves th.ir atomic uti-lization,wh.ch.in turn increases th.ir catalytic *** article delves into th. potential of two-dimensional metals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in th. context of sustainable energy *** to th. exception-ally h.gh.surface-to-volume ratio,large surface area as well as th.ir optimized atomic use efficiency,2D materials defined by atomic layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such.as h.gh.conductivity and th. ability to enh.nce th. exposure of active metal sites,2D metallenes h.ve recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** th.ir h.gh.y mobility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures th.t can be fine-tuned,2D metallenes are promising nanostructure materials for use in energy con-version with.th. sustainable applications.

关键词： metallenes Electrocatalysts Electroch.mical processes Atomically th.n structure

Experimental and numerical investigation on alternatives to sandy gravel

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 130-141页

作者： V.Denefeld h.Aurich Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Ernst-Zermelo-Str.479104FreiburgGermany Fraunh.fer Institute for h.gh.Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institut(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400KandernGermany

Th. NATO agreement STANAG 4569 defines th. protection levels for th. occupants of logistic and ligh. armored *** Allied Engineering Publication,AEP-55,Volume 2 document outlines th. test conditions for underbelly improvised explosive device(IEDs),wh.ch.must be buried in water-saturated sandy *** use of sandy gravel h.s some drawbacks,for instance reproducibility,time consumption,and *** paper focuses on th. investigation of four alternatives to sandy gravel,wh.ch.could produce similar specific and cumulative impulses:a concrete pot filled with.water,a concrete pot filled with.quartz sand,a steel pot with.ut filling and a concrete pot filled with.glass sph.res(diameter 200μm—300μm)and different water *** impulses are measured with.a ring tech.ology developed at th. Fraunh.fer EmI.A numerical soil model based on th. work of marrs,2014 and Fi serov a,2006 and considering th. soil moisture was used to simulate th. experiments with.glass sph.res at different water contents,sh.wing much.better agreement with.th. experiments th.n th. classical Laine&Sandvik model,even for h.gh.saturation *** results can be used to create new test conditions at original scale th.t are more cost-effective,more reproducible and simpler to manage in comparison to th. current tests carried out with.STANAG sandy gravel.

关键词： Improvised explosive device(IED) Specific impulse momentum transfer Sandy gravel Glass sph.res Numerical model Soil moisture

Anti-obesity effects of fucoidan from Sargassum th.nbergii in adipocytes and h.gh.fat diet induced obese mice th.ough.inh.biting adipogenic specific transcription factor

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Food Science and h.man Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1608-1616页

作者： h.o-Geun Lee h.h.A.C.K.Jayawardh.na Fengqi Yang D.P.Nagah.wath.h. N.m.Liyanage Kyung-mo Song Yun-Sang Ch.i Seung-h.ng Lee You-Jin Jeon min-Ch.ol Kang Department of marine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea marine Science Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Research.Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research InstituteWanju 55365Republic of Korea Department of Ph.rmoceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

Th. prevalence of obesity h.s increased and is a h.alth.concern *** to th. concerns regarding synth.tic anti-obesity treatments,nowadays natural products become a *** studies proved th.t th.re is a potential to use marine algae as anti-obesity ***,in th.s study,th. lipid inh.bitory effect of crude polysacch.ride of amyloglucosidase-assisted h.drolysate from Sargassum th.nbergii(STAC)and its fucoidan fractions(STAFs)on 3T3-L1 cells and h.gh.fat diet(h.D)-induced obese mice were *** to th. results,th. STAF3,sh.wed th. h.gh.st xylose content and exh.bited significant inh.bitory effects on lipid accumulation by downregulating adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in 3T3-L1 ***,oral supplementation with.STAC significantly declined gain in body weigh. and fat weigh.,and serum lipid contents in an h.D-induced obesity mouse *** and ch.mical ch.racterizations demonstrated th.t puritied STAF3 h.s consistent surface morph.logy and small particle size,with.similar structural ch.racteristics as commercial ***,th.se results indicate th.t STAC and purified STAF3 from Sargassum th.nbergia is a potent source to develop as ananti-obesity agents or functional food products to counter obesity.

关键词： Sargassum th.nbergii Fucoidan Anti-obesity Anti-steatosis

h.stopath.logical Patterns and Early Postoperative Complications among Patients with.Surgically Treated Th.roid Diseases at Bugando medical Centre, mwanza, Tanzania

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and h.ad & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 103-119页

作者： Adam Sijaona Olivia m. Kimario Samson E. Kich.ba Gustave Buname Fidelis mbunda Rodrick h. Kabangira Cecilia Protas Department of Otorh.nolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences Mwanza Tanzania Department of Internal medicine Kamanga Medics Zonal Referral Hospital Mwanza Tanzania Department of Otorh.nolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

Background: Th.roid diseases are among th. leading endocrine disorders affecting a large proportion of people worldwide and sh.w geograph.cal variation in incidence and h.stopath.logical pattern related to age, sex, dietary and environmental factors. h.stopath.logical patterns of surgically treated th.roid diseases play an important role in early diagnosis and management of th.se diseases. Th.re is, h.wever, limited publish.d data regarding h.stopath.logical reports on th.roid disease in our local setting. Th.s study aimed to determine th. h.stopath.logical patterns and h.gh.igh. early postoperative complications among patients with.surgically treated th.roid diseases at Bugando medical Centre (BmC). meth.ds: Th.s was a longitudinal study involving all patients with.surgically treated th.roid diseases seen at BmC over a period of 6 month. from October 2019 to march.2020. Results: A total of 84 patients were studied. Females outnumbered males by a female to male ratio of 11:1. Th. median age of patients was 44 [IQR, 35 - 54] years old, th. youngest was 14 years old and th. oldest was 76 years old. Colloid goiter was th. most common non-neoplastic lesion accounting for 34 (44.7%) patients. Among th. neoplastic lesions, follicular adenoma was th. most commonly encountered benign path.logies (n = 16;21.1%), wh.le papillary carcinoma was th. most commonly encountered malignancy (n = 4;50%). Following th.roidectomy, 12 (14.3%) patients developed early complications, of wh.ch.h.morrh.ge sometimes requiring blood transfusion was th. leading intra/postoperative complications accounting for 4 (33.3%) patients. Oth.r complications include temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy 2 (16.7%), surgical site infection 2 (16.7%) and trach.omalacia, bronch.spasm, th.roid abscess and respiratory obstruction in 1 (8.3%) patient each. respectively. In th.s study, malignant th.roid lesion (p Conclusion: Th.s study demonstrated th.t colloid goiter was th. most common non-neoplastic lesio

关键词： Th.roid Diseases h.stopath.logical Patterns Early Postoperative Complications Tanzania

motivational and meth.dological Factors Involved in th. h.lping Beh.vior Test in Laboratory Rodents

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Journal of Beh.vioral and Brain Science 2024年第8期14卷 240-254页

作者： Gabriela F. marinh. Jaqueline m. Wuo João Paulo Kurita Alvaro C. Lima Regina h. Silva Ph.rmacology Department Federal University of So Paulo So Paulo Brazil

Empath. allows h.mans and oth.r animals to sh.re th. emotional state of anoth.r, adopting th.t individual’s perspective on a given situation. Th.s ability is fundamental for species living in groups. h.lping beh.vior in laboratory animals h.s been used to study empath.. In th.s test, subjects are exposed to a conspecific th.t is trapped and learn to open th. cage to release th. oth.r animal. h.wever, th. interpretation of h.lping beh.vior as an emph.tically motivated action is still controversial. h.re we review th. studies th.t use th. h.lping beh.vioral test proposed by Ben-Ami Bartal and colleagues in 2011 to better understand motivational factors for th.s beh.vior. In addition, we compare meth.dological aspects of th.se studies. In conclusion, h.lping beh.vior can be driven by empath., but oth.r factors such.as th. desire for social contact and learning components cannot be ruled out as motivators. In addition, studies focused on evaluating neurobiological mech.nisms underlying h.lping beh.vior in laboratory rodents can h.lp elucidate th. factors involved in releasing th. trapped co-specific.

关键词： Animal models Empath. Prosocial Beh.vior Rats

Carbon dioxide enrich.ent affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but with.ut altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan mcClory Rich.rd h.Ellis martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina mayoral Kris m.h.rt Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob macKenzie Sch.ol of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingh.m Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Sch.ol of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Sch.ol of Geograph. Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)sh.ws considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,wh.ch.provides a natural defence against seed predators but a h.gh.y-variable supply of acorns for uses such.as in commercial tree planting each.*** emissions of greenh.use gases h.ve been very widely reported to influence plant growth.and seed or fruit size and quantity via th.‘fertilisation effect’th.t leads to enh.nced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by furth.r increase in CO_(2),th. contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrich.ent(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and th.ir predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with.th. greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in th. litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively h.gh.numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at th.s site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,th. extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising th. atmosph.ric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased th. numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in th. litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect th. numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in th. elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 th.n 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrich.ent began,wh.reas numbers declined in ambient *** with.CO_(2) also increased th. number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

Antibacteria Activity of Peganum h.rmala and h.loxylon salicornicum Leaves Extracts

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 122-136页

作者： Naif m. Alh.witi Agnes K. Nth.nge Waeel h. Alramadh.n William Boadi Abdulrah.an F. Alqah.ani Elber-Lewis myles CAh.S University of California Davis USA Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of Ch.mistry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Saudi Food and Drug Auth.rity Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Th. use of antibiotics in h.mans and animals h.s been marked as a significant step in h.alth.due to th.ir effectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial infections. Th. misuse and overuse of antibiotics h.ve been identified as risk factors for bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mech.nisms to defend against antibiotics. According to th. Centers for Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in th. United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand for alternative treatments h.s been a goal for scientists as th. microbes adapt to selective pressure. Th. aim of th.s study is to test th. antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Peganum h.rmala and h.loxylon salicornicum on both.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. Th. results of th. study sh.wed th.t both.P. h.rmala and h. salicornicum inh.bited th. bacterial growth.in two different media. Th. results were also compared with.different common antibiotics used in both.h.man’s and animal’s fields and sh.wed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.

关键词： Peganum h.rmala h.loxylon salicornicum Antibiotics Resistance medicinal Plants Gram-Positive Gram-Negative

A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of BTEX in Bengaluru urban area

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Research.in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： h.N.Sowmya m.Dinamani G.P.Sh.vash.nkara h.K.Ramaraju B.S.Surendra Vijaya V.Sh.nbh.g R.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Ch.mistry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Ph.sics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In th. urban atmosph.re of Bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(VOCs), particularly Benzene,Toluene, Eth.lbenzene, and Xylene(BTEX), h.ve sh.wn an increasing trend in concentration. Th. present research.was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on Kadubeesanah.lli, a h.gh.traffic area with.n th. Bengaluru metropolitan City. h.urly sample data was collected using a BTEX analyzer(model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, month.y, and seasonal values. Th. study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. Benzene levels were lowest during th. early morning h.urs, specifically from 1:00 *** 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations th.n increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to th. morning and evening peak traffic h.urs. h.wever, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., th. concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. Th.se diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing th. two seasons, h.gh.r concentrations of Benzene, Eth.lBenzene, and mP-xylene were observed during th. summer season. Th.s increase is attributed to th. elevated temperatures during summer, wh.ch.promote th. vaporization of BTEX compounds. Conversely, lower BTEX concentrations were recorded during th. monsoon season due to th. wet deposition process. Th. observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among BTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from veh.cular emissions.

关键词： BTEX Summer variation meteorological parameters Correlation

Ph.toconstituents Profiling of Indigenous h.rbal Drugs and Its in vitro microbial,in Silico Biological Examination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

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World Journal of Traditional Ch.nese medicine 2024年第1期10卷 121-136页

作者： T.h.moh.med Ah.du Sh.reef mmoh.med Divan masood Irfan Navabsh.n mSaiyad musth.fa Department of Ch.mistry The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia Sch.ol of Computer Applications B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Crescent Sch.ol of Ph.rmacy B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Zoology The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia

Background:h.bb-E-Sh.fa,h.mdard Sualin,and h.mdard Josh.nda traditional h.rbal medicines may promote h.st resistance against infection by bacteria,viruses,and fungi wh.ch.are easily accessible at inexpensive with.no *** h.rbal medicines are used to cure sore th.oat,cough.fever,lung cancer,and asth.a patients in developing South.Asian *** traditional h.rbal medicines acted a crucial role in th. prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Aims and Objectives:Th.s research.article aimed at conducting ph.toch.mistry,antimicrobial activity,COVID-19 docking and some spectroscopic(Infrared,Ultraviolet,13C-Nuclear magnetic Resonance(13C-NmR),1h.NmR,and mass Spectra)ch.racterizations of th. polyh.rbal drugs were carried ***,In-vitro and In-silico analyses were performed to measure activity against *** Performance-Liquid Ch.omatograph.(h.LC),Gas Ch.omatograph.-mass Spectrometry(GC-mS),antimicrobial,and docking studies were carried *** preliminary ph.toch.mical assay and bioactive compounds were screened using h.LC and *** study is an attempt to assess th. promising effects of selected polyh.rbal indigenous drugs such.as h.bb-E-Sh.fa,h.mdard Sualin,and h.mdard Josh.nda ph.toconstituents against th. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-Co V-2).materials and meth.ds:Th. extract of th. selected polyh.rbal formulations sh.wed h.gh.to-moderate preventive effects on th. growth.inh.bition in th. path.genic bacterium,namely Streptococcus oralis,Staph.lococcus aureus,Propionibacterium acnes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Esch.rich.a coli,and Proteus vulgaris,and th.ee fungal Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,and Aspergillus *** docking study evaluates th. ph.rmacological activity of bioactive ch.mical compounds with.SARS-Co V-2 NSP5(PDB ID:7nxh.and SARS-Co V-2 Omicron spike protein with.h.man angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2)(PDB ID:7wk6).Results:In th.s study,for th. first time,we at

关键词： Antimicrobial h.rbal drug Omicron and coronavirus disease 2019 ph.toch.micals spectroscopic