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A high-power electromagnetic source for disabling improvised explosive devices

High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 403-409页

作者： Laurent Ariztia Njomza Ibrahimi Alexey Zhabin Antoine silvestre de Ferron marc Rivaletto Edson martinod Valérie Bertrand Bucur Novac Laurent Pécastaing Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPASIAMEPauFrance XLIm UMR CNRS BriveLimogesFrance CIsTEmE LimogesFrance Wolfson school of mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK

Ultra-wideband(UWB)microwave sources driven by specialised pulsed power generators have experienced a considerable development in the last decade due to their wide domain of new applications such as defence or counter-terrorism *** authors present the main findings of a research dedicated to the development of a pulsed power-driven electromagnetic field source for disabling improvised explosive devices(IED).The pulsed power generator driving the source is a 13-stage compact marx producing voltage pulses reaching an amplitude of 0.5 mV,with a pulse repetition frequency(PRF)of up to 100 *** generator is coupled to a bipolar pulse forming line,providing bipolar pulses with a dV/dt of around 1.6 mV/*** pulsed power system feeds an array composed of 16 Koshelev-type UWB antennas through an impedance matching *** resulting electromagnetic source is capable to produce pulsed electric fields(PEFs)having a figure-of-merit(FOm)of 1 ***,practical experiments were carried out to study the effects of the PEFs on *** targets used in the present study are m2B type flashbulbs,known to have the same susceptibility as the Us army m6 *** configurations of wires(shielded,twisted,etc)with different lengths were used in connecting items inside these *** tests were performed by placing the flashbulbs at different distances to determine the essential parameters(i.e.,amplitude,duration,and frequency range)of the PEFs required to trigger *** overview of the experimental campaign and the main findings are also presented followed by conclusions.

关键词： power bipolar source

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Prevalence and study of the Clonality of Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Neonatology at the University Hospitals of Abidjan by the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis and the Quantitative Antibiogram

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第9期14卷 416-429页

作者： Valérie m’Bengue Gbonon sidjè Arlette Afran stanislas Assohoun Egomli Djeda Franck Arnaud Gnahoré Aboubakar sylla N’Golo David Coulibaly Nathalie Guessennd Assanvo simon-Pierre N’Guetta mireille Dosso Antibiotics Natural Substances and Anti-Infectious Resistance Surveillance Unit Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire molecular Genetics Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Genetics and species Improvement Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire mechanics and Computer sciences Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire molecular Biology Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Background: EsBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the main causes of nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections, are commonly associated with therapeutic impasses. surveillance of these multidrug-resistant pathogens is a crucial tool for controlling and preventing infections. This surveillance involves the use of appropriate molecular and phenotypic typing techniques. The choice of techniques is based on criteria such as discriminatory power, intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility, epidemiological concordance, ease of use and cost. The aim of our study was to identify clusters of Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (EsBL-K. pneumoniae) strains circulating in neonatology using quantitative antibiogram (QA) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 55 K. pneumoniae strains isolated from a total of 513 samples. These various samples are taken from newborns, healthcare personnel, and the environment. K. pneumoniae identification followed standard bacteriological procedures and was confirmed using the Vitek® 2 (biom.rieux). The detection of the EsBL phenotype was performed using the synergy test. QA and PFGE were used to identify clonal relationships between the various strains isolated. Concordance between these two methods was assessed by calculating Cohen’s KAPPA coefficient and simpson’s diversity index. Results: Among the 55 K. pneumoniae strains included in this study, 58.2% (32/55) were found to be Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase (EsBL) producers. most of these strains were isolated from neonatal samples (blood samples and rectal swabs). The quantitative antibiogram method applied to 28 out of the 32 EsBL-producing strains revealed that the isolates were grouped into 5 clusters. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis performed on a total of 16 EsBL-producing strains showed the existence of four profiles. A perfect concordance was observed between the two m

关键词： Resistance-Clone-Klebsiella pneumoniae-Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis-Quantitative Antibiogram

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Comparative study of Gut microbiota in Breast Cancer Patients versus Controls in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第9期14卷 405-415页

作者： m’Bengue Gbonon Valérie Gnahore Djeda Franck Kouadio Kouamé Assohoun stanislas Coulibaly safiatou Diplo Flore Bernadette sekongo mamadou Osseni Akandji Afran sidje Arlette N’Guessan Jean-David Dosso mireille molecular Genetics Platform Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Biology and Health UFR Biosciences Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Environment and Health Institut Pasteur de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Bioinformatics & Computational Biology Group National Computing Center of Cte dIvoire Flix Houphout Boigny University Bingerville Cte dIvoire National Blood Transfusion Center Abidjan Cte dIvoire Oncology Department Treichville University Hospital Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Context: The gut microbiota represents a complex ecosystem encompassing all unicellular microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, primarily bacteria, fungi, archaea, and even viruses. The relationship between the host and the microbiota is symbiotic: bacteria benefit from a stable environment, while the host gains numerous capabilities in terms of digestion, metabolism, nutrition, and immunity. However, numerous studies suggest that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in various non-communicable diseases, including obesity, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, allergic and immune disorders, behavioral disorders, and even certain cancers. The objective of our study was to characterize the gut microbiota of a group of breast cancer patients by comparing it to that of control subjects in Côte d’Ivoire, using a metagenomic approach. method: A case-control study was conducted from may 2020 to september 2023. A total of 85 women (39 cases and 46 controls) were recruited, and stool samples were collected from both breast cancer patients and healthy women. Among these, ten (10) samples from patients and ten (10) samples from healthy women were randomly selected for the study of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota was characterized by sequencing the V4 region of 16s rRNA using metagenomic NGs technology, and bioinformatic analysis was performed using the mothur pipeline. Results: In women with breast cancer, we observed a reduction in the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as an increase in the phyla Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Additionally, their microbiota exhibited lower Chao1 and sobs diversities compared to the control women (p molecular variance analysis (AmOVA) revealed a significant difference between the case and control groups (p s study has highlighted a significant difference in the relative abundance of major phyla within the gut microbiota of cases compared to healthy controls. It wil

关键词： Gut microbiota 16s metagenomic sequencing Breast Cancer Dysbiosis

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Eco-Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies in Côte d’Ivoire, 2012-2017

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 13-23页

作者： Zamina Bi Yourou Guillaume Tiembré Issiaka Konan Loukou Leandre Bama martial Yapi Ellélé Aimé Gouzilé Assikohon Pulchérie Dagnan N’Cho simplice National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Département de santé Publique et spécialités UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan Université Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National de santé Publique Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Human rabies is a major public health problem in many African countries, including Côte d’Ivoire. The present work aims at describing the eco-epidemiological characteristics of human rabies cases recorded in Côte d’Ivoire. methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study based on epidemiological surveillance data that ran from september 2014 to december 2017. The clinical data were extracted from the database of the human rabies epidemiological surveillance management service of the National Institute of Public Hygiene’s rabies centre. These data cover the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. Results: Human rabies is endemic in Côte d’Ivoire, with most people exposed in the south and especially in the west of the country. There was no association between any of the climatological parameters (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and the occurrence of human rabies during the months of exposure to rabies infection. Conclusion: Ultimately, effective prevention and control of human rabies requires a thorough understanding of the links between climatological parameters and rabies. Health authorities must take ownership of these results if we are to achieve our goal of eliminating rabies by 2030.

关键词： Human Rabies season Climate Abidjan Ivory Coast

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Increasing the effectiveness of intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice: a neurosurgical point of view

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 685-696页

作者： Bertrand mathon m.rie Nassar Jean simonnet Caroline Le Duigou stéphane Clemenceau Richard miles Desdemona Fricker Department of Neurosurgery Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de La Pitié-SalpêtrièreAPHPF-75013ParisFrance Inserm U 1127F-75013ParisFrance CNRs UMR 7225F-75013ParisFrance sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR S 1127F-75013ParisFrance Institut du Cerveau et de la moelle épinière ICMF-75013ParisFrance

Intracerebral injections of tracers or viral constructs in rodents are now commonly used in the neurosciences and must be executed perfectly. The purpose of this article is to update existing protocols for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice. Our procedure for stereotaxic injections in adult mice allows the investigator to improve the effectiveness and safety, and save time. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe a two-handed procedure for intracerebral injections in neonatal mice that can be performed by a single operator in a very short time. Our technique using the stereotaxic arm allows a higher precision than freehand techniques previously described. stereotaxic injections in adult mice can be performed in 20 min and have 〉90% efficacy in targeting the injection site. Injections in neonatal mice can be performed in 5 min. Efficacy depends on the difficulty of precisely localizing the injection sites, due to the small size of the animal. We describe an innovative, effortless, and reproducible surgical protocol for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice.

关键词： rodents surgery neurosciencesstereotaxic injection newborn mice neonatal brain

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Bandgap energy determination of In As sb epilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Ga As substrates

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Progress in Natural science:materials International 2019年第4期29卷 472-476页

作者： K.murawski E.gomó?ka m.Kopytko K.Grodecki K.michalczewski ?.Kubiszyn W.Gawron P.martyniuk A.Rogalski J.Piotrowski Institute of Applied Physics Military University of Technology Vigo system s.A.

InAssb ternary alloys can be considered as an alternative to HgCdTe for mid-wavelength,as well as long-wavelength infrared *** energy bandgap exhibits nonlinearity versus sb composition,and hence the correct determination of its value is necessary for the effective design and simulation of optoelectronic *** commonly used expression on the InAssb energy bandgap provided by Wieder and Clawson overestimated energy bandgap values at high *** this paper,we present two modified empirical relationships which are based on the experimental data obtained in our laboratory and published *** are correct for a wide range of sb molar composition and *** nonlinearity of the energy gap is described with the adequate bowing *** data collected in our experiment,for samples grown on lattice mismatched GaAs substrates,fits well with a bowing factor of C=0.72 *** minimum bandgap energy that can be reached at room temperature is about 73 meV for a sb mole fraction,x=*** comparison,the bandgap at low temperatures collected in the literature for samples grown on lattice-matched Gasb substrates is smaller than the measured values in our experiment and fits well with a parabola with C=0.9 eV.

关键词： InAssb Bandgap energy Bowing Ⅲ-Ⅴ ternary alloys Infrared detectors

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Effects on coagulation factor production following primary hepatomitogen-induced direct hyperplasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5307-5315页

作者： Kohei Tatsumi Kazuo Ohashi sanae Taminishi soichi Takagi rie Utoh Akira Yoshioka midori shima Teruo Okano Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and science Tokyo Women's Medical University8-1 Kawada-choShinjuku-kuTokyo 162-8666Japan Department of Pediatrics Nara Medical Univrsity840 Shijo-choKashiharaNara 634-8522Japan

AIm： To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in coagulation factor expression and/or function during direct hyperplasia （DH）-mediated liver regeneration. mETHODs： Direct hyperplasia-mediated liver regeneration was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by administering 1,4-bisr2-（3,5-dichloropyridyloxy）] benzene （TCPOBOP）, a representative hepatomitogen. mice were weighed and sacrificed at various time points [Day 0 （D0： prior to injection）, 3 h, D1, D2, D3, and D10] after TCPOBOP administration to obtain liver and blood samples. Using the RNA samples extracted from the liver, a comprehensive analysis was performed on the hepatic gene expression profiling of coagulation-related factors by real-time RT-PCR （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ , plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, protein s, ADAmTs13, and VWF）. The corresponding plasma levels of coagulation factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢ, and VWF） were also analyzed and compared with their mRNA levels. REsULTs： Gavage administration of TCPOBOP （3 mg/kg body weight） resulted in a marked and gradual increase in the weight of the mouse livers relative to the total body weight to 220% by D10 relative to the DO （control） ratios. At the peak of liver regeneration （D1 and D2）, the gene expression levels for most of the coagulationrelated factors （fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors Ⅴ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ,Ⅺ, Ⅻ, ⅩⅢβ, plasminogen, antithrombin, protein C, ADAmTs13, VWF） were found to be downregulated in a time-dependent manner, and gradually recovered by D10 to the basal levels. Only mRNA levels of factor X and protein s failed to show any decrease during the regenerative phase. As for the plasma levels, 5 clotting factors （prothrombin, factors Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅺ, and Ⅻ） demonstrated a significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） during the regeneration phase compared with DO. Among these 5 factors, factor Ⅸ and factor Ⅺ showed the most dramatic decline in their activities by about 50% at D2 compared to

关键词： Coagulation factor 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichlo- ropyridyloxy)] benzene Direct hyperplasia Liver regeneration

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Electron Density and Optical Emission measurements of sF_6/O_2 Plasmas for silicon Etch Processes

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Plasma science and Technology 2012年第4期14卷 316-320页

作者： m.m.mORsHED s.m.DANIELs National Centre for Plasma science and Technology School of Electronic EngineeringDublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin 9Ireland

This work investigates internal plasma process parameters using a hairpin resonance probe and optical emission spectroscopy. The dependence of electron density and atomic fluorine on the percentage of oxygen in an sF6/O2 discharge was measured using these methods. An rie Oxford Instruments 80 plus chamber was used for the experiments. Two different process powers （100 W and 300 W） at a constant pressure （100 mTorr） were used, and it was found that the optical emission intensity of the 703.7 nm and 685.6 nm lines of atomic fluorine increased rapidly as oxygen was added to the sF6 discharge, reached their maximum at an O2 fraction of 20% and then decreased with further addition of oxygen. The plasma electron density was also strongly influenced by the addition of O2.

关键词： OEs hairpin probe sF6 O2 electron density atomic fluorine

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Plasma Treatment of Natural Jute Fibre by rie 80 plus Plasma Tool

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Plasma science and Technology 2010年第3期12卷 325-329页

作者： m.m.mORsHED m.m.ALAm s.m.DANIELs National Centre for Plasma science and Technology Dublin City University Nanomaterials Processing Laboratory School of Electronic EngineeringDublin City University

Plasma treatment can be used to modify the structure of natural fibre like jute for a variety of applications. Environmentally friendly jute fibre was treated with argon and oxygen plasma. The treated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and optical microscope. The macromolecular and microstructural changes in cellulose confirmed the change by plasma treatment. The XRD results confirmed that the crystal size and the crystallinity of the plasma treated fibre increased. Argon plasma treated fibre had a smooth and compact surface, compared to oxygen plasma treated fibre. The maximum stain （i.e. stress） concentrated in the oxygen plasma treated fibre. Optical micrographs showed the oxygen plasma treated fibre tended to rupture due to higher strain （i.e., stress） compared to fibre with argon plasma treatment. FTIR results also provided the evidence of change in the chemical constituents with plasma treatment.

关键词： natural jute fibre plasma treatment crystallinity chemical composition

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High-throughput multiplexed fluorescence-activated droplet sorting

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 95-104页

作者： Ouriel Caen simon schütz m.s.suryateja Jammalamadaka Jérémy Vrignon Philippe Nizard Tobias m.schneider Jean-Christophe Baret Valérie Taly INsERm UmR-s1147 CNRS SNC5014Paris Descartes UniversityEquipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancerParisFrance Emergent Complexity in Physical systems Laboratory(ECPs) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland CNRs University BordeauxCRPPUMR 5031115 Avenue Schweitzer33600 PessacFrance

Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting(FADs)is one of the most important features provided by droplet-based ***,to date,it does not allow to compete with the high-throughput multiplexed sorting capabilities offered by flow ***,we demonstrate the use of a dielectrophoretic-based FADs,allowing to sort up to five different droplet populations *** system provides means to select droplets of different phenotypes in a single experimental run to separate initially heterogeneous *** experimental results are rationalized with the help of a numerical model of the actuation of droplets in electric fields providing guidelines for the prediction of sorting designs for upscaled or downscaled microsystems.

关键词： rational initially sorting

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