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neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramming

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su Ian n.Levasseur Kimberly m.Alonge Department of medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

The brain's extracellular matrix(ECm),which is comprised of protein and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the human brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECm regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECm indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programming

Cognitive Radio networks Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第11期43卷 751-765页

作者： Raed alhamad Information Technology Department Saudi Electronic UniversityRiaydhKingdom of Saudi Arabia

In this article,we optimize harvesting and sensing duration for Cognitive Radio networks(CRn)using Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces(IRS).The secondary source harvests energy using the received signal from node ***,it performs spectrum sensing to detect Primary Source PS *** PS activity is not detected,The Secondary Source SS transmits data to Secondary Destination SD where all reflected signals on IRS are in phase at *** show that IRS offers 14,20,26,32,38,44,50 dB enhancement in throughput using m=8,16,32,64,128,256,512 reflectors with respect to CRn without *** also suggested to add a second IRS between A and SS to increase the harvested *** use of 2 IRS with m1=8 reflectors in the first IRS and m2=8 reflectors in the second IRS offers 18 dB gain(respectively 32 dB)gain with respect to a single IRS with m2=8 reflectors(respectively without IRS).The use of 2 IRS with m1=16 reflectors in the first IRS and m2=8 reflectors in the second IRS offers 28 dB gain(respectively 42 dB)gain with respect to a single IRS with m2=8 reflectors(respectively without IRS).Our results are valid for nakagami channels of fading figure *** also provide the throughput of IRS with energy *** have studied packet waiting time and total delay in the presence and absence or *** Signal to noise Ratio(SnR)per bit equal to 0 dB,packet waiting time is 0.9 ms when there is no IRS and 0.5 ms when there is an IRS with m=8 *** SnR per bit equal to 0 dB,total transmission delay is 54 ms when there is no IRS and 1.5 ms when there is an IRS with m=8 *** show that the energy efficiency is larger when both harvesting and sensing durations are *** maximum of energy efficiency is 260 mbit/s/Hz/J when harvesting and sensing durations are optimized while the maximum is 80 mbit/s/Hz/J when harvesting and sensing durations are not optimized.

关键词： Cognitive radio networks energy harvesting spectrum sensing throughput analysis

nucleoside modified mRnA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： mackenzie m.Spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alison n.DeVore marisol Lauffer nilufer S.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in molecular medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGS6fl/fl;APP_(SWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGS6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(SWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(SWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGS6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGS6-expressing ***,RGS6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(SWE) mice,identifying RGS6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGS6)

Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez maría Fernanda González Ana maría Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Symbol Error Probability of Incremental Relaying with Distributed/Centralized Relay Selection

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China Communications 2020年第11期17卷 141-155页

作者： Raed alhamad Hatem Boujemaa Saudi Electronic University College of Computation and InformaticsRiyadh13316Saudi Arabia COSIm-SUPCOm Tunis2083 Tunisia

In this paper,we derive the Symbol Error Probability(SEP)of cooperative systems with incremental relaying and Distributed Relay Selection(DRS).The relays remain idle when the Signal to noise Ratio(SnR)between the source and destination is larger than ***,we activate a relay using *** nodes transmit only if their SnR is larger than thresholdβ.If the SnRs of more than two relays is larger thanβ,there is a collision and the destination uses only the received signal from the *** all relays have SnR less thanβ,no relay is ***βis optimized to yield the lowest SEP at the *** results are compared to centralized relay selection using opportunistic Amplify and Forward(OAF),Partial and Reactive Relay Selection(PRS and RRS).We compare our results to computer simulations for Rayleigh fading channels.

关键词： incremental relaying distributed relay selection centralized relay selection rayleigh fading channels

Sex differences in aging and injured brain

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2901-2902页

作者： Jordan n.Williamson Yuan Yang University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Grainger College of EngineeringDepartment of BioengineeringUrbanaILUSA Carle Foundation Hospital Stephenson Family Clinical Research InstituteClinical Imaging Research CenterUrbanaILUSA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUrbanaILUSA northwestern University Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement SciencesChicagoILUSA

Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and *** higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with *** one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.

关键词： Huntington prevalence traumatic

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： maría Belén Cieri Alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de neuropatología molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRnAs or lncRnA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

Throughput Enhancement for nOmA Systems Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5233-5244页

作者： Raed alhamad Hatem Boujemaa Information Technology Department Saudi Electronic UniversityRiaydhSaudi Arabia UCAR-SUPCOm-COSIm Ariana2083Tunisia

In this article,we optimize the powers associated to non Orthogonal multiple Access(nOmA)users,sensing and harvesting duration for Cognitive Radio networks(CRn).The secondary source harvests energy from node A ***,it senses the channel to detect primary ***,the secondary source transmits a signal that is reflected by Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces(IRS)so that all reflections have a zero phase at any user.A set Ii of reflectors are associated to user *** use ofm=mi=512,256,128,64,32,16,8 reflectors per user offers 45,42,39,36,33,30,27 dB gain *** absence of *** also suggest the use of IRS in energy *** use P=8 reflectors for energy harvesting and m=mi=8 reflectors per user for data communications offers 7 and 38 dB gain *** IRSm=mi=8 and the absence of *** use of P=16 reflectors for energy harvesting and m=mi=8 reflectors per user for data communications offers 9 and 42 dB gain *** IRS m=mi=8 and the absence of IRS.

关键词： CRn nOmA spectrum sensing energy harvesting throughput maximization