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Single atom Cu-n-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-n-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-n-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-nC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-n_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-n-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on hum.n hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia m.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana n.mitzel Departm.nt of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Departm.nt of Tropical medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA national Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on hum.n *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on hum.n hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),m(types 1 and 2,ingestion),n(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,m3,m4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease m.nagem.nt targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG hum.n hands mosquitoes waveform library

Pediatric and adult liver transplantation in Bahrain: The experiences in a country with no available liver transplant facilities

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 96-111页

作者： Hasan m Isa Fatema A Alkharsi Jawad K Khamis Sawsan A Hasan Zainab A naser Zainab n mohamed Afaf m mohamed Shaikha A Altamimi Departm.nt of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Departm.nt of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Departm.nt of medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Public Health Directorate Ministry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain The Overseas Office Supreme Committee for Treatment AbroadMinistry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUnD Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver disease and has become the standard and most effective treatm.nt method for these *** are m.ny indications for LT that vary between countries and *** outcome of LT depends on the available facilities and surgical expertise,as well as the types of liver graft donors *** To assess the clinical characteristics of patients from Bahrain who underwent LT overseas,and analyze factors affecting their *** In this retrospective cohort study,we reviewed the medical records and overseas committee registry information of all pediatric and adult patients who were sent overseas to undergo LT by the Pediatric and medical Departm.nts of Salm.niya medical Complex and Bahrain Defence Force Hospital via the Overseas Treatm.nt Office,m.nistry of Health,Kingdom of Bahrain,between 1997 and *** data,LT indication,donor-recipient relationship,overseas LT center,graft type,post-LT medications,and LT complications,were *** measured included the overall and 5-year LT survival ***’s exact,Pearsonχ2,and m.nn-Whitney U tests were used to compare the pediatric and the adults’group in terms of clinical characteristics,donor-recipient relationship,medication,complications,and *** analysis was estimated via the Kaplan-meier’s *** and multivariate analyses were used to detect predictors of *** Of the 208 eligible patients,170(81.7%)were sent overseas to undergo LT while 38(18.3%)remained on the waiting *** the 170 patients,167(80.3%)underwent LT and were included in the *** majority of the patients were Bahraini(91.0%),and most were males(57.5%).One-hundred-and-twenty(71.8%)were adults and 47(28.3%)were *** median age at transplant was 50.0[interquartile range(IQR):14.9–58.4]*** main indication for pediatric LT was biliary atresia(31.9%),while that of adult LT was

关键词： Overseas liver transplantation End-stage liver disease Liver transplant facilities Liver donor Biliary atresia Hepatitis C

Frontier of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the western mediterranean:Isotopic(Sm.nd)constraints on sources of Devonian units from m.norca Island

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 323-338页

作者： Ricardo Arenas Jose m.Fuenlabrada Cristian Tim.ner Rubén Díez Fernández Esther Rojo-Pérez Departam.nto de m.neralogía y Petrología and Instituto de Geociencias(UCm CSIC)Universidad ComplutenseMadridSpain Unidad de Geocronología(CAI de Ciencias de la Tierra y Arqueometría) Universidad ComplutenseMadridSpain Bayerisches Geoinstitut University of BayreuthBayreuthGermany Instituto Geológico y m.nero de España–CSIC SalamancaSpain

The c.1000-m-thick pre-orogenic Devonian mainly metapelitic sequence of north m.norca Island shows a fairly complete stratigraphic *** rocks of this sequence indicate gradually increasing deeper marine conditions of sedim.ntation towards its uppermost ***,the obtained sedim.ntary characteristics resemble those related to a deep and narrow basin-associated *** sills of Ti-augite-bearing alkaline gabbros occur within the Devonian *** intensity of Variscan deformation increases downwards through the *** to the characteristics of the Devonian sequence and its location within the Variscan Orogen,a correlation with similar units located in the southern sectors of the Central Iberian Zone(Iberian massif)is *** Devonian metapelitic rocks have geochemical characteristics suggesting that they represent moderately recycled mature siliciclastic sedim.nts,generated from erosion of distant source areas belonging to an upper continental *** relatively narrow range of variation observed in initial^(143)nd/^(144)nd ratios supports a similar source for the m.norcan slates(0.51165–0.51182).However,a marked trend is observed in these isotope ratios,from lower values at the base of the stratigraphic column(m.nimum value of 0.511941)to higher values at the top(maximum value of 0.512131).The^(147)Sm/^(144)nd ratios vary between 0.1074 and 0.1238,within the range defined for siliciclastic rocks with felsic crustal *** nd model ages define a narrow range between 1496 ma and 1754 ma(Late Paleoproterozoic–Early mesoproterozoic),and they are consistently younger *** data rule out a provenance from the erosion of the West Africa Craton,as they are more compatible with a provenance from regions located in the Trans-Saharan Belt or Sahara *** characteristics of the m.norcan Devonian sequence are compatible with its deposition in a narrow and deep peri-Gondwanan transtensional basin,gener

关键词： Western Paleo-Tethys frontiers m.norca Island Sm.nd isotopic constraints Devonian sequence provenance in Gondwana

Long-term m.nitoring reveals the effect of precipitation and silviculture on nothofagus regeneration in northern Patagonia mixed forests

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 103-117页

作者： Georgina Sola Camila mateo Alejandro Dezzotti Paula marchelli Hernán Attis Beltrán Renato Sbrancia Luis Chauchard marcelo González Pe?alba martín Lara Verónica El mujtar Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (COnICET ) Asentamiento Universitario San martín de los Andes (AUSmA-UnCo) Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Departam.nto de Conservación y m.nejo Parque Nacional Lanín- Administración de Parques Nacionales (PNL-APN)

Background Tree regeneration is a key component of resilience because it promotes post-disturbance recovery of forests. northwestern Patagonia from Argentina is occupied by nothofagus alpina（na）, n. obliqua（no）, and n. dombeyi（nd） forests that grow along an intense precipitation gradient, m.naged throughout shelterwood silvicultural system by technicians of the Lanin natural Reserve. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of seeding cuttings over the dynamics of nothofagus mixed forests across landscape（precipitation gradient） based mainly on the composition and abundance of tree regeneration, perm.nent sampling plots and generalized linear mixed models. In particular, we analysed:（i） the structure of sexual and asexual regeneration during nd > 20 years after harvest（the dynamics of m.naged forests）, and（ii） the structure of sexual regeneration in primary and m.naged forests after > 20 years of harvest（the effect of silviculture）.Results nd was the most abundant species in the regeneration of m.naged forests during all periods in both sites despite its lower contribution to the adult cohort. During the 10–20 years period after harvest, the humid site exhibited higher regeneration density than the mesic site(120,000 and 6000 ind ha-1, respectively), and it decreased afterwards. The number of established regeneration（> 2 m height） was lower for na in the mesic site and for no in the humid site(0 and 57 ind ha-1, respectively). However, in comparison to no, na showed a higher number of sprouted stumps and sprouts per stump, and a higher sprout height in the mesic site. no exhibited higher sprout mortality in the humid site. Finally, the regeneration of primary forests showed lower density and height, and a more balanced composition than that of m.naged *** The silvicultural effects on the mixed forest regeneration dynamics was strongly influenced by the condition of sites. Therefore, m.nagem.nt prescriptions should be adj

关键词： nothofagus alpina nothofagus obliqua nothofagus dombeyi Basal sprouting Shelterwood silvicultural system Ecological resilience

Conducting Polymer-Based e-Refinery for Sustainable Hydrogen Peroxide Production

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Energy & Environm.ntal materials 2024年第2期7卷 334-342页

作者： Zhixing Wu Penghui Ding Viktor Gueskine Robert Boyd Eric Daniel G■owacki magnus Odén Xaνier Crispin magnus Berggren Emma m.Björk mikhail Vagin nanostructured materials Department of PhysicsChemistry and Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE 58183LinköpingSweden Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology(ITN)Linköping UniversitySE 60174NorrköpingSweden

Electrocatalysis enables the industrial transition to sustainable production of chemicals using abundant precursors and electricity from renewable ***-centralized production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water and oxygen of air is highly desirable for daily life and *** report an effective electrochemical refinery(e-refinery)for H_(2)O_(2)by means of electrocatalysis-controlled comproportionation reaction(2_(H)O+o→2HO),feeding pure water and oxygen *** nickel(Ⅱ)oxide(niO)was used as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),producing oxygen at the *** polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)drove the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),form.ng H_(2)O_(2)on the *** reactions were evaluated in both half-cell and device *** perform.nce of the H_(2)O_(2)e-refinery,assembled on anion-exchange solid electrolyte and fed with pure water,was limited by the unbalanced ionic *** of the operation conditions allowed a conversion efficiency of 80%.

关键词： conducting polymer hydrogen peroxide nickel(Ⅱ)oxide oxygen evolution reaction oxygen reduction reaction

mitigating Urban Heat Island Effects: A Review of Innovative Pavem.nt Technologies and Integrated Solutions

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Structural Durability & Health m.nitoring 2024年第5期18卷 525-551页

作者： S.F.Ismael A.H.Alias n.A.Haron B.B.Zaidan Abdulrahm.n m.Abdulghani Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Central Region Heavy Civil DivisionGranite ConstructionWoodlandsTexas77381USA SP Jain School of Global m.nagem.nt LidcombeSydneyNSW2141Australia Departm.nt of Comm.nication Technology and network Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavem.nt technologies in advancing urban *** analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environm.ntal impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island *** evaluation of pavem.nt types and variables inﬂuencing pavem.nt perform.nce to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(mCDm)framework to choose the optimal pavem.nt application are at the heart of our *** serves to assess a spectrum of pavem.nt options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable *** highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within theﬁeld,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural *** review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environm.ntally sensitive pavem.nt tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environm.nts.

关键词： Pavem.nt sustainability urban heat island environm.ntal impact of pavem.nts innovative pavem.nt solutions economic and social implications sustainable developm.nt in urban areas

Deploying Hybrid Ensemblemachine Learning Techniques for Effective Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Attack Detection

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Computers, materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 707-748页

作者： Bacha n.U. Lu S. Ur Rehm.n A. Idrees m. Ghadi Y.Y. Alahmadi T.J. School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430073 China Departm.nt of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54000 Pakistan Departm.nt of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain University Al Ain Abu Abu Dhabi 12555 United Arab Emirates Departm.nt of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 84428 Saudi Arabia

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) remains a significant threat to web application security, exploiting vulnerabilities to hijack user sessions and steal sensitive data. Traditional detection methods often fail to keep pace with the evolving sophistication of cyber threats. This paper introduces a novel hybrid ensemble learning framework that leverages a combination of advanced machine learning algorithms-Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector machines (SVm), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), and Deep neural networks (Dnn). Utilizing the XSS-Attacks-2021 dataset, which comprises 460 instances across various real-world trafficrelated scenarios, this framework significantly enhances XSS attack detection. Our approach, which includes rigorous feature engineering and model tuning, not only optimizes accuracy but also effectively m.nimizes false positives (FP) (0.13%) and false negatives (Fn) (0.19%). This comprehensive methodology has been rigorously validated, achieving an unprecedented accuracy of 99.87%. The proposed system is scalable and efficient, capable of adapting to the increasing number of web applications and user dem.nds without a decline in perform.nce. It dem.nstrates exceptional real-time capabilities, with the ability to detect XSS attacks dynamically, maintaining high accuracy and low latency even under significant loads. Furthermore, despite the computational complexity introduced by the hybrid ensemble approach, strategic use of parallel processing and algorithmtuning ensures that the system remains scalable and performs robustly in real-time applications. Designed for easy integration with existing web security systems, our framework supports adaptable Application Programm.ng Interfaces (APIs) and a modular design, facilitating seamless augm.ntation of current defenses. This innovation represents a significant advancem.nt in cybersecurity, offering a scalable and effective solution for securing modern web applications a

关键词： Cross-site scripting hybrid learning machine learning stacking ensemble learning XSS detection

Chronic disease patients have fewer social contacts:A pilot survey with implications for transmission dynamics

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Infectious Disease modelling 2024年第3期9卷 926-930页

作者： J.Vanderlocht S.møgelmose K.Van Kerckhove P.Beutels n.Hens Interuniversity Institute of Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Data Science InstituteHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Centre for Health Economic Research and modelling Infectious Diseases University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium

non-comm.nicable diseases(nCD)are the most important cause of death in the *** socio-economic costs associated with nCDs makes it imperative to prevent and control them in the 21st *** severe toll that the COVID-19 pandemic has taken worldwide is an unfortunate illustration of our limited insight into the infectious risk for the global ***-incidence between nCD and infection offers an underexplored opportunity to design preventive *** a pilot survey,we observed that the nCD population displays a substantial reduction in their social contacting behavior as compared to the general *** indicates that existing mathematical models based on contact surveys in the general population are not applicable to the nCD population and that the risk of acquiring an infection following a contact is probably *** dem.nstration of reduced social mixing in several chronic conditions,raises the question to what extent the social mixing is influenced by the burden of *** advocate the design of disease-specific contact surveys to address how the burden of disease associates with social contact behavior and the risk of *** SARS-CoV-2 pandemic offers an unprecedented opportunity to gain insight into the importance of infection in the nCD population and to find ways to improve healthcare procedures.

关键词： survey mixing insight