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In-depth analysis of Bt cotton adoption:farmers'opinions,genetic landscape,and varied perspectives——a case study from Pakistan

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 277-288页

作者： shahzad Rahil JAmIL Shakra CHAUDHRY Urooj Fatima RAHmAN Sajid Ur IQBAL muhammad Zaffar Genetically modified Organisms Development and Testing Laboratory Agricultural Biotechnology Research InstituteAyub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabadPunjab 38000Pakistan Centre of Excellence for Olive Research and Trainings(CEFORT) BaraniAgricultural Research InstituteChakwalPunjabPakistan

Background Bt technology has played significant role in controlling bollworms and increasing cotton yield in earlier days of its introduction,a subsequent decline in yield became apparent over *** decline may be attributed to various environmental factors,pest dynamics,or combination of ***,the present biophysical survey and questionnaire were designed to evaluate the impact of Bt cotton on bollworms management and its effect on reducing spray costs,targeting farmers with varied landholdings and educational ***,data on farmers'cultivated varieties and the prevalence of bollworms and sucking insects in their fields were ***,about eleven thousand cotton samples from farmer fields were tested for Cry1Ac,Cry2Ab and Vip3A genes by strip *** In this analysis,83% of the farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology control bollworms,while 17% hold contradictory ***,among farmers cultivating unapproved varieties,77% agree on effectiveness of Bt technology against bollworms,while 23% *** the other hand,67% of farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology does not reduce spray costs,while 33% agree with the ***,78% of farmers cultivating unapproved varieties express doubt regarding its role to reduce spray costs,while 22% are in favour of this *** in opinions on the effectiveness of Bt cotton in controlling bollworms and reducing spray cost between farmers planting unapproved and approved varieties may stem from several *** major cause is the heavy infestation of sucking insects,which is probably due to the narrow genetic variation of the cultivated ***,the widespread cultivation of unapproved varieties(21.67%)is also an important factor to cause different opinions on the effectiveness of Bt *** Based on our findings,we propose that the ineffective control of pests on cotton crop may

关键词： Bollworms Cry1Ac Cry2Ab Cotton Farmer's perception Purposive sampling Sucking insects Unapproved varieties Vip3A

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Cascade-exciton model analysis of mass dependence of pion-induced fission

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Chinese Physics C 2014年第7期38卷 92-96页

作者： muhammad ikram shahzad Zafar Yasin Warda Iram Shahida Jabeen Physics Division PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan Physics Department Islamia University Bahawalpur Pakistan Physics Department AJ&K University Muzaffarbad Pakistan

The cascade-exciton model has been used to observe the dependence of pion induced fission cross sections on the mass of the target. The analysis has been performed at energies 80 meV, 100 meV and 150 meV for both the positive and negative pions. It has been shown that a single value of the ratio af/an can satisfactorily reproduce the experimental findings when compared with the available experimental data in the literature. The general trend of the fission cross sections with mass （fissility parameter） is seen to be low and slowly changing for the lighter nuclei, and it will steeply rise for the heavy nuclei.

关键词： cascade-exciton model pion-induced fission cross sections

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Porous poly（triazine-heptazine）s:low-temperature solvothermal synthesis,*HCO intermediate activation and photocatalytic COreduction to CH

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Zhu Gao Zhiwei Jiang min Liu Yumin Yang shahzad Ali Qiujian Xie Yuqiang Li Shuai Gu Younian Liu Juntao Tang Chunyue Pan Jiayin Yuan Guipeng Yu Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South University State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University

High-temperature ionothermal synthesis has been proven effective in preparing environment-friendly carbon nitride （CN）-based photocatalysts in either triazine or heptazine form for CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR）.However,such a process is usually energy-intensive and suffers from partial carbonization that results in non-porous catalysts and degenerating their ***,we report the preparation of highly porous CN polymers (porous C6N7,C3N3,C4.5N5) through a low-temperature solvothermal polymerization of cyameluric chloride itself or cyanuric chloride itself,or both,*** such,it avoids unfavorable carbonization and allows for fine control of its chemical structure and significantly enlarged surface area (up to669 m2g-1).The pincer-like 2,2′-bipyridine sites of porous C6N7alter the photocatalytic CO2reduction pathways via stabilizing the*HCO intermediates,which promotes further hydrogenation to produce CH4in a high *** from the carbonization-free polymerization,high porosity,and*HCO intermediate activation,porous C6N7gave a superior CO2RR to CH4performance (17.18μmol g-1h-1) as well as high stability （5 successive cycles）,outperforming the bulk and state-of-the-art counterparts of *** opens an avenue for the rational construction of efficient porous CN-based photocatalytic systems,demonstrating their great potential in energy conversion reactions.

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Does abnormal lending behavior increase bank riskiness?Evidence from Turkey

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Financial Innovation 2019年第1期5卷 630-644页

作者： Farrukh shahzad Zeeshan Fareed Bushra Zulfiqar Umme Habiba muhammad ikram School of Economic and Business Administration Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina School of Business Huzhou UniversityHuzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina School of Economics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengduChina School of Finance Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina College of Economics and management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics NanjingChina

Purpose:This study empirically analyzes whether the rapid growth of loans and risktaking behavior during the expansion of loans affected non-performing loans(NPLs)and the solvency of financial institutions in the Turkish banking ***/methodology/approach:Using the Gmm Generalized method of moments,this study used data on Turkish banks from 2011 to 2017 to test two hypotheses on the effects of loan growth on NPLs and ***:This study finds significant results for the effect of loan growth on NPLs and *** rose from the previous year’s loan growth,which tended to reduce *** limitations/implications:Due to selected research methods,the results may lack ***,future studies should test the propositions herein *** implications:The results indicate that careful allocation behavior is required when ***,these findings may be helpful to financial managers and decision ***/value:This study confirms the need to determine how to allocate loans during the loan boom periods.

关键词： Turkish banks Non-performing loans Loan growth Solvency Gmm

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Radionuclide concentrations in sand samples from riverbanks of muzaffarabad,Azad Kashmir

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第7期29卷 103-115页

作者： Abdul Razzaq Khan muhammad Rafique Abdul Jabbar Saeed Ur Rahman muhammad ikram shahzad muhammad Ejaiz Khan mulaika Yasin Department of Physics University of Azad Jammu andKashmir MuzaffarbadAzad Kashmir 13100Pakistan Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of NuclearScience and Engineering(PINSTECH)NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of medical Physics Nuclear MedicineOncologyand Radiotherapy InstituteIslamabadPakistan Physics Division Directorate of SciencePINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan

This paper presents the results of a radiological risk assessment arising from the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in sand samples from three riverbanks in *** mean values obtained for 232 Th,226 Ra,and 40 K were found to be 44.58 ± 3.34,48.25 ± 1.77,and 239.92 ± 22.73 Bq kg^(-1),*** assess the uniformity of exposure,the radium equivalent activity(Raeq) was calculated and was found to be130.47 ± 8.29 Bqkg^(-1).The current reported value for Raeqis lower than the maximum permissible value,that is,370 Bq kg^(-1),and equivalent to a gamma dose of1.5 m Svy^(-1).To investigate the possible contribution to health risks of alpha particle exposure,the radon exhalation rate(RER) from the sand samples was *** mean RER for all the samples was found to be335 m Bq m-^(2) h^(-1).About 43% of the samples were found to have an indoor excess lifetime cancer risk value slightly higher than recommended safety limit of 1,as proposed by the ICRP.A normalized parameter,the equivalent multiplicative factor,was defined and used to compare the current results with the findings of studies performed in other *** findings are relevant to both human health and future environmental radiation monitoring.

关键词：放射性核种样品克什米尔河岸风险评价调查结果 226Ra gamma

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地毯草叶斑病病原菌鉴定和寄主范围测定

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草业科学 2024年

作者：李能萍何鹏搏刘迎龙何鹏飞吴毅歆唐萍王再强 shahzad munir 孔宝华何月秋云南农业大学省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室

2022年，于昆明市松华坝蔬菜基地发现大片地毯草上发生1种由未知病原菌引起的地毯草叶部病害，其病斑呈褐色近圆形或长条形。为明确其致病菌，并对该病原菌进行寄主范围研究和杀菌剂毒力测定。通过分离培养、形态学和多基因联合测序分... 详细信息

2022年，于昆明市松华坝蔬菜基地发现大片地毯草上发生1种由未知病原菌引起的地毯草叶部病害，其病斑呈褐色近圆形或长条形。为明确其致病菌，并对该病原菌进行寄主范围研究和杀菌剂毒力测定。通过分离培养、形态学和多基因联合测序分析，结果表明引起地毯草叶斑病的病原菌为玉米平脐蠕孢（Bipolaris zeae）。孢子液离体叶片接种21种经济作物及常见杂草，发现B. zeae还可侵染水稻、玉米、高粱、小麦、薏苡、棕叶狗尾草、狗尾草、野燕麦、黑麦草、稗草10种作物或杂草。7种杀菌剂对B. zeae毒力表现为，苯醚甲环唑EC50最小（0.381 mg·L-1）其他依次为氟唑菌酰胺(0.988 mg·L-1)、异菌脲(1.864 mg·L-1)、代森锰锌(5.401 mg·L-1)、甲基硫菌灵(930.572 mg·L-1)、嘧菌酯(989.571 mg·L-1)、百菌清(1547.315 mg·L-1)。

关键词：地毯草玉米平脐蠕孢玉米苯醚甲环唑

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Generalized Ⅰ-Nonexpansive Selfmaps and Invariant Approximations

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第5期24卷 867-876页

作者： m.A.AL-THAGAFI Naseer shahzad Department of mathematics King AbduIAziz UniversityP.O.Box 80203Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Common fixed point results for new classes of noncommuting selfmaps satisfying generalized I-contraction or I-nonexpansive type conditions are established. We apply them to obtain several invariant approximation resul... 详细信息

关键词： common fixed point occasionally weakly compatible map ultraoccasionally weakly compatible map generalized I-nonexpansive map invariant approximation

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Hydrodynamics of viscous fluid through porous slit with linear absorption

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2016年第3期37卷 361-378页

作者： A.m.SIDDIQUI T.HAROON A.shahzad Department of mathematics Pennsylvania State UniversityYork Campus Department of mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

The exact solutions for the viscous fluid through a porous slit with linear ab- sorption are obtained. The Stokes equation with non-homogeneous boundary conditions is solved to get the expressions for the velocity components, pressure distribution, wall shear stress, fractional absorption, and leakage flux. The volume flow rate and mean flow rate are found to be useful in obtaining a convenient form of the longitudinal velocity component and pressure difference. The points of the maximum velocity components for a fixed axial distance are identified. The value of the linear absorption parameter is ran- domly chosen, and the rest available data of the rat kidney to the tabulate pressure drop and fractional absorption are incorporated. The effects of the linear absorption, uniform absorption, and flow rate parameters on the flow properties are discussed by graphs. It is found that forward flow occurs only if the volume flux per unit width is greater than the absorption velocity throughout the length of the slit, otherwise back flow may occur. The leakage flux increases with the increase in the linear absorption parameter. Streamlines are drawn to help the analysis of the flow behaviors during the absorption of the fluid flow through the renal tubule and purification of blood through an artificial kidney.

关键词： exact solution porous slit linear absorption renal tubule

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枯草芽孢杆菌YZ-1突变体库构建与产表面活性素优势菌株筛选

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西南农业学报 2024年

作者：万莉何月秋谢鑫欣刘迎龙何鹏搏 mUNIR shahzad 吴毅歆何鹏飞云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院云南农业大学植物保护学院

【目的】拟通过构建高效杀虫枯草芽孢杆菌YZ-1的转座突变体库，从中筛选出高产表面活性素的突变体菌株，为后续YZ-1的表面活性素合成调控机制解析和开发利用提供前期材料。【方法】利用携带转座子TnYLB-1和温敏型复制蛋白的穿梭载体pmar... 详细信息

【目的】拟通过构建高效杀虫枯草芽孢杆菌YZ-1的转座突变体库，从中筛选出高产表面活性素的突变体菌株，为后续YZ-1的表面活性素合成调控机制解析和开发利用提供前期材料。【方法】利用携带转座子TnYLB-1和温敏型复制蛋白的穿梭载体pmarA转化YZ-1，通过50 ℃温度诱导转座子转座、抗性培养复筛以及特异性PCR扩增验证，构建YZ-1菌株的转座突变体库。组合使用血平板法初筛、溴百里香酚蓝比色法复筛及HPLC定量检测，从突变体库中筛选表面活性素合成显著增强的突变体。【结果】通过自然转化成功地将pmarA质粒导入枯草芽孢杆菌YZ-1中，获得含有3000株转座突变子的YZ-1突变体库，从中筛选出11株表面活性素合成增强的候选菌株。HPLC检测显示与YZ-1野生型相比，表面活性素合成增强和相似的突变体有5株（m1、m6、m7、m8及m9），显著下降有6株（m2、m3、m4、m5、m10及m11），其中表面活性素产量最高的m8突变体为282.4 mg/L较野生型增加了13.7%，而最低的m2菌株为47.53 mg/L，较野生型下降了80.9%。【结论】增设抗性复筛培养可提高YZ-1突变体库的正确率。基于血平板培养和溴百里香酚蓝比色的高通量筛选与HPLC定量检测的YZ-1表面活性素增强型突变体筛选结果不理想，还需进一步改进。

关键词：枯草芽孢杆菌表面活性素 TnYLB-1转座子 pmarA质粒 Himar1转座元件

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Comparison of Radionuclide’s Inventories and Activities With Slightly Enriched Uranium and Plutonium Fuel in CANDU Reactors

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2011年第2期1卷 31-36页

作者： Zafar Yasin Javaid Iqbal m. ikram shahzad 不详

In these studies the isotopic inventories and corresponding activities of important nuclides for different fuel cycles of a CANDU reactor have been compared. The calculations have been performed using the computer code WImSD4. The isotopic inventories and activities have been calculated versus the fuel burn-up for the natural UO2 fuel, 1.2% enriched UO2 fuel and for the 0.45% PuO2-UO2 fuel. It is found that 1.2% enriched uranium fuel has the lowest activity as compared to other two fuel cycles and vice versa for the 0.45% PuO2-UO2 fuel.

关键词： Actinide and Fission Product Inventory CANDU Natural Uranium Plutonium

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