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Surgery in the age of biologics

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第2期7卷 77-90,I0001页

作者： Daniel J.Wong eve m.Roth Joseph D.Feuerstein Vitaliy Y.Poylin Department of Surgery Division of Colon&Rectum SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of medicine Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Since the introduction of the first anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies in the late 1990s,biologic therapy has revolutionized the medical treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Nevertheless,surgery continues to play a significant role in treating IBD *** of intestinal resection in patients with Crohn’s disease or colectomy in ulcerative colitis are reducing but not substantially over the long *** increasing variety of biologic medications are now available to treat IBD patients in various clinical ***,a number of questions persist about how biologic medications affect the need for surgery and overall course in IBD *** the trend for earlier and more frequent use of biologic medications in IBD patients,a working knowledge of the effects of these medications on surgical decision-making and outcomes is essential for the practicing colorectal surgeon and *** review seeks to summarize the relevant literature surrounding biologic use and IBD surgery with a focus on the effect of biologics on the frequency,type and complications of surgery in this‘age of biologics’.

关键词： Biologics inflammatory bowel disease surgery review

Effect of proton irradiation on the optical properties of thermal control coating based on polystyrene with silica filler

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Propulsion and Power Research 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： N.I.Cherkashina V.I.Pavlenko m.m.mikhailov A.N.Lapin S.A.Yuriev R.V.Sidelnikov D.S.Romanyuk Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G.Shoukhov Kostyukov Str.46Belgorod 308012Russia Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 40Prospect LeninaTomsk 634050Russia

This paper presents the results of studying the surface properties changes of a ther-moregulating coating based on polystyrene and silicaﬁller after proton irradiation with an en-ergy of 50 keV at afluence of 3�1015 cm�*** proton irradiation,the values of the contact angle of wetting with water increase by 3.5%and 14.9%for polystyrene and the coating,*** free surface energy(energy of the surface layer)of polystyrene and the coat-ings before and after proton irradiation was calculated using the Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble *** was a signiﬁcant increase in the polarity of the polystyrene surface(gp increased by a factor of 2.2)after proton *** the coating,an increase in gp by a factor of 3.89 was observed after proton *** changes in the coating were presented by IR Fourier spectroscopy.A slight decrease in the absorption intensity of all characteristic bands compared to the unirradiated sample was *** was found that the irradiation of the coating with protons led to the formation of macromolecules with hydroxyl,carbonyl,and carboxyl bonds,as well as the formation of dimeric and oligomeric siloxane *** was also found that after irradiation of a pure polystyrene sample with protons,the value of the solar absorption as increased by only 4.2%;whereas for the coating with silicaﬁller,the value of as increased by 28.6%.

关键词： Thermal control coating Proton irradiation Hydrophobicity Free surface energy Radiation crosslinking

Identifying the measurements required to estimate rates of COVID-19 transmission, infection, and detection, using variational data assimilation

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Infectious Disease modelling 2021年第1期6卷 133-147页

作者： eve Armstrong manuela Runge Jaline Gerardin Department of Physics New York Institute of Technology1855 BroadwayNew YorkNY10023USA Department of Astrophysics American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY10024USA Department of Preventive medicine Northwestern University710 N Lake Shore Drive Suite 800ChicagoIL60611USA

We demonstrate the ability of statistical data assimilation(SDA)to identify the measurements required for accurate state and parameter estimation in an epidemiological model for the novel coronavirus disease *** context is an effort to inform policy regarding social behavior,to mitigate strain on hospital *** model unknowns are taken to be:the time-varying transmission rate,the fraction of exposed cases that require hospitalization,and the time-varying detection probabilities of new asymptomatic and symptomatic *** simulations,we obtain estimates of undetected(that is,unmeasured)infectious populations,by measuring the detected cases together with the recovered and dead-and without assumed knowledge of the detection *** a noiseless measurement of the recovered population,excellent estimates of all quantities are obtained using a temporal baseline of 101 days,with the exception of the time-varying transmission rate at times prior to the implementation of social *** low noise added to the recovered population,accurate state estimates require a lengthening of the temporal baseline of *** of all parameters are sensitive to the contamination,highlighting the need for accurate and uniform methods of *** aim of this paper is to exemplify the power of SDA to determine what properties of measurements will yield estimates of unknown parameters to a desired precision,in a model with the complexity required to capture important features of the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemiology Inference measurement noise

Diesel engine exhaust exposures in two underground mines

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 641-645页

作者： Debia maximilien Couture Caroline Njanga Pierre-Eric Neesham-Grenon eve Lachapelle Guillaume Coulombe Hugo Hallé Stéphane Aubin Simon Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Universite de Montreal 2375 chemin de la Cote Ste-Catherine Montreal H3T IA8 Canada Department of mechanical Engineering F.cole de Technologie Superieure 1100 rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montreal H3C 1K3 Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagie Mines 145 King Street East Suite 400 Toronto MSC 2Y7 Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine (IAMGOLD) Chemin Arthur Doyon PreissacJOY 2EO Canada Institut de recherche Robert-Sauve en sante et en securite du travail (IRSST) 505 Boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest Montreal H3A 3C2 Canada

Exposure to diesel engine exhaust(DE) is a major concern in underground mines. It has been linked to cardiopulmonary diseases and is classified as a human carcinogen. The goal of this study is to assess DE exposures in workers at two underground gold mines, to compare exposure levels within and between the mines, and to compare different methods of measuring DE exposures, namely respirable combustible dust(RCD), elemental carbon(EC) and total carbon(TC). Ambient and personal breathing zone(PBZ) measurements were taken. Side-by-side monitoring of RCD and of the respirable fraction of EC and TC(EC_Rand TC_R) was carried out in the workers' breathing zone during full-shift *** ambient measurements, in addition to EC_R, TC_Rand RCD, a submicron aerosol fraction(less than 1 mm) of EC and TC was also sampled(EC_1and TC_1). Average ambient results of 240 mg/m^3 in RCD, 150 mg/m^3 in EC_Rand 210 mg/m^3 in TC_Rare obtained. Average PBZ results of 190 mg/m^3 in RCD,84 mg/m^3 in EC3Rand 150 mg/min TC_Rare obtained. Very good correlation is found between EC_Rand EC_1 with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99(p med concentrations. No differences are reported between EC_Rand EC_1, nor between TC_Rand TC_1, since ratios are equal to 1.04, close to 1, in both cases. Highest exposures are reported for loadhaul-dump(LHD) and jumbo drill operators and conventional miners. Significant exposure differences are reported between mines for truck and LHD operators(p mbient results. The variability observed in the TC_R/EC_Rratio shows that interferences from non-diesel related organic carbon can skew the interpretation of results when relying only on TC data.

关键词： Diesel exposure Underground mine Respirable combustible dust Elemental carbon Total carbon Diesel particulate matter Similar exposure groups

Head and neck cancer and immunotherapy: current knowledge and perspective

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Journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2019年第10期4卷 33-41页

作者： Thibault Gauduchon Thibaut Reverdy max Gau Andy Karabajakian Laetitia Collet eve-marie Neidhardt Jérôme Fayette UniversitéClaude Bernard LYON 1 Centre de lutte contre le cancer Léon-BérardDépartement d’oncologie médicaleLyon 69008France

As with many types of cancer,immunotherapy is changing the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck(HNSCC).In a locally advanced or metastatic setting,treatment options have long been curtailed,but this paradigm is currently *** inhibitors were the first to be validated in second-line treatment with PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors and these treatments are available in USA for first-line *** addition,many studies are underway to use its molecules earlier in the care or try to increase their effectiveness with *** issues of patient selection that would benefit the most from immunotherapy and the evaluation of the response to these treatments are not completely *** goal is here to update the possibilities of current treatment by immunotherapy in HNSCC as well as on various development pathways in progress.

关键词： Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy clinical trial

Glycosylation of dentin matrix protein 1 is a novel key element for astrocyte maturation and BBB integrity

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Protein & Cell 2018年第3期9卷 298-309页

作者： Bo Jing Chunxue Zhang Xianjun Liu Liqiang Zhou Jiping Liu Yinan Yao Juehua Yu Yuteng Weng min Pan Jie Liu Zuolin Wang Yao Sun Yi eve Sun Tongji University School of medicine Stem Cell Translational Research Center Tongji Hospital Shanghai 200065 China Department of Oral Implantology School of Stomatology Tongji University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration Shanghai 200072 China Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

The blood-brain barrier （BBB） is a tight boundary formed between endothelial cells and astrocytes, which separates and protects brain from most pathogens as well as neural toxins in circulation. However, detailed molecular players involved in formation of BBB are not completely known. Dentin matrix protein I （DmP1）-proteoglycan （PG）, which is known to be involved in mineralization of bones and dentin, is also expressed in soft tissues including brain with unknown functions. In the present study, we reported that DmPI-PG was expressed in brain astrocytes and enriched in BBB units. The only glycosylation site of DmP1 is serine89 （S89） in the N-terminal domain of the protein in mouse. mutant mice with DmP1 point mutations changing S89 to glycine （S89G）, which completely eradicated glycosylation of the protein, demonstrated severe BBB disruption. Another breed of DmP1 mutant mice, which lacked the C-terminal domain of DmP1, manifested normal BBB function. The polarity of S89G-DmP1 astrocytes was disrupted and cell-cell adhesion was loosened. Through a battery of analyses, we found that DmP1 glycosylation was critically required for astrocyte maturation both in vitro and in vivo. S89G-DmP1 mutant astrocytes failed to express aquaporin 4 and had reduced laminin and ZO1 expression, which resulted in disruption of BBB. Interestingly, overexpression of wild-type DmP1-PG in mouse brain driven by the nestin promoter elevated laminin and ZO1 expression beyond wild type levels and could effectively resisted intravenous mannitol-induced BBB reversible opening. Taken together, our study not only revealed a novel element, i.e., DmP1-PG, that reg- ulated BBB formation, but also assigned a new function to DmP1-PG.

关键词： blood-brain barrier dentin matrix protein1 glycosylation astrocyte cell adhesion proteoglycan

multi-Level, multi-Scale modeling and Predictive mapping for Jaguars in the Brazilian Pantanal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第5期10卷 243-263页

作者： eve Bohnett Dave Hulse Bilal Ahmad Thomas Hoctor Department of Landscape Architecture University of Florida Gainesville United States of America Center for Landscape Conservation Planning University of Florida Gainesville United States of America Florida Institute for Built Environment Resilience University of Florida Gainesville United States of America Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Forestry University of Swat Swat Pakistan

multi-level multi-scale resource selection models using machine learning were compared and contrasted for generating predictive maps of jaguar habitat (Panthera onca) in the Brazilian Pantanal. multiple spatial scales and temporal movement levels were run within several analytical modeling frameworks for comparison. Included in the analysis were multi-scale raster grains (30 m, 90 m, 180 m, 360 m, 720 m, 1440 m) and GPS collaring temporal movement levels (point, path, and step). Various analytical methods were used for comparison of models that could accommodate data structural levels (group, individual, case-control). models compared included conditional logistic regression, generalized additive modeling (GAm), and classification regression trees, such as random forests (RF) and gradient boosted regression tree (GBm). The goals of the study were to discuss the potential and limitations for machine learning methods using GPS collaring data to produce predictive habitat suitability mapping using the various scales and levels available. Results indicated that choosing the appropriate temporal level and raster scale improved model outputs. Overall, larger level analytical modeling frameworks and those that used multi-scale raster grains showed the best model evaluation with the inherent condition that they predict a broader scale and subset of data. The identification of the appropriate spatial scale, temporal scale and statistical model need careful consideration in predictive mapping efforts.

关键词： machine Learning movement Ecology Habitat Selection Resource Selection multiple Levels multiple Scales Predictive models Gradient Boosting method Random Forest

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信号、系统和变换

ASSESSING CONSERVATION RISK FOR ENDANGERED DARWIN’ S FOX （PSEUDALOPEX FULVIPES） ON CHILOE? ISLAND, CHILE: THE ImPORTANCE OF SPACE USE, RESOURCE USE AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF FOXES AND DOmESTIC DOGS

作者： (美)Charles L. Phillips (美)John m. Parr (美)eve A. Riskin

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ASSESSING CONSERVATION RISK FOR ENDANGERED DARWIN’ S FOX （...