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High-resolution impedance mapping using electrically activated quantitative phase imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 186-196页

作者： Cristina Polonschii mihaela Gheorghiu Sorin David Szilveszter Gáspár Sorin melinte Hassaan majeed mikhail e.Kandel Gabriel Popescu eugen Gheorghiu International Centre of Biodynamics 060101 BucharestRomania Institute of Information and Communication Technologies Electronics and Applied MathematicsUniversite Catholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Quantitative Light Imaging Laboratory Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Retrieving electrical impedance maps at the nanoscale rapidly via nondestructive inspection with a high signal-to-noise ratio is an unmet need,likely to impact various applications from biomedicine to energy *** this study,we develop a multimodal functional imaging instrument that is characterized by the dual capability of impedance mapping and phase quantitation,high spatial resolution,and low temporal *** achieve this,we advance a quantitative phase imaging system,referred to as epi-magnified image spatial spectrum microscopy combined with electrical actuation,to provide complementary maps of the optical path and electrical *** demonstrate our system with high-resolution maps of optical path differences and electrical impedance variations that can distinguish nanosized,semi-transparent,structured coatings involving two materials with relatively similar electrical *** map heterogeneous interfaces corresponding to an indium tin oxide layer exposed by holes with diameters as small as~550 nm in a titanium(dioxide)over-layer deposited on a glass *** show that electrical modulation during the phase imaging of a macro-electrode is decisive for retrieving electrical impedance distributions with submicron spatial resolution-and beyond the limitations of electrode-based technologies(surface or scanning technologies).The findings,which are substantiated by a theoretical model that fits the experimental data very well enable achieving electro-optical maps with high spatial and temporal *** virtues and limitations of the novel optoelectrochemical method that provides grounds for a wider range of electrically modulated optical methods for measuring the electric field locally are critically discussed.

关键词： impedance resolution phase

Assessment of the effectiveness of wood pole repair using FRP considering the impact of climate change on decay and hurricane risk

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第4期11卷 332-348页

作者： eric meRSCHmAN Abdullahi m.SALmAN emilio BASTIDAS-ARTeAGA Yue LI Department of Civil&environmental engineering The University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleAL 35899USA Universitede Nantes GeMInstitute for Research in Civil and Mechanical EngineeringNantesCNRS UMR 6183France Department of Civil engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA

electric power distribution systems are vulnerable to disruption due to severe weather events,especially *** vulnerability is expected to increase over time due to the impact of climate change on hurricanes and the decay of wood poles that support the distribution *** study investigates the effectiveness of using fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)sleeve to reinforce wood poles subjected to decay and hurricane hazard to restore their lost strength and extend their effective service *** potential impact of climate change on the pole decay rate and the intensity and frequency of hurricanes is also *** optimal FRP repair time based on the structural reliability of the poles is also *** locations with varying climates are chosen to evaluate and compare the results:miami,Charleston,and New York *** results show that in all three locations,the application of the FRP sleeve can more than double the service life of the pole depending on the time of the *** results also show that climate change significantly increases the vulnerability of the *** probability of failure of the pole at the end of the 21st century under RCP8.5 emission scenario in miami,Charleston,and New York City increase by about 30%,70%,and 73%,respectively,compared to a no climate change *** climate change is only assumed to affect the decay of the pole,i.e.,no change in hurricane hazard intensity,the corresponding increases in failure probability are 5%,22%,and 20% in miami,Charleston,and New York City,*** implies that most of the impact of climate change on pole failure risk is due to the increase in hurricane *** impact of climate change on decay is found to be comparatively *** increases with time as variation in temperature and precipitation becomes more prominent towards the end of the 21st *** optimization results show that the optimal FRP repair time depends on how the FRP affects the pole's deca

关键词： Wood poles FRP repair Hurricane Wood decay Climate change adaptation

Sclerostin activity plays a key role in the negative effect of glucocorticoid signaling on osteoblast function in mice

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Bone Research 2017年第2期5卷 95-108页

作者： eric e Beier Tzong-Jen Sheu emily A Resseguie masahiko Takahata Hani A Awad Deborah A Cory-Slechta J edward Puzas Department of environmental medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA Department of environmental and Occupational medicine Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA and Center for musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA

Stress during prenatal development is correlated with detrimental cognitive and behavioral outcomes in offspring. However, the long-term impact of prenatal stress(PS) and disrupted glucocorticoid signaling on bone mass and strength is not understood. In contrast, the detrimental effect of lead(Pb) on skeletal health is well documented. As stress and Pb act on common biological targets via glucocorticoid signaling pathways and co-occur in the environment, this study first sought to assess the combined effect of stress and Pb on bone quality in association with alterations in glucocorticoid signaling. Bone parameters were evaluated using microCT, histomorphometry, and strength determination in 8-month-old male mouse offspring subjected to PS on gestational days 16 and 17, lifetime Pb exposure(100 p.p.m. Pb in drinking water), or to both. Pb reduced trabecular bone mass and, when combined with PS, Pb unmasked an exaggerated decrement in bone mass and tensile strength. Next, to characterize a mechanism of glucocorticoid effect on bone, prednisolone was implanted subcutaneously(controlled-release pellet, 5 mg·kg^(-1) per day) in 5-month-old mice that decreased osteoblastic activity and increased sclerostin and leptin levels. Furthermore, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone alters the anabolic Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt pathway inhibitor sclerostin has several glucocorticoid response elements, and dexamethasone administration to osteoblastic cells induces sclerostin expression. Dexamethasone treatment of isolated bone marrow cells decreased bone nodule formation, whereas removal of sclerostin protected against this decrement in ***, these findings suggest that bone loss associated with steroid-induced osteoporosis is a consequence of sclerostin-mediated restriction of Wnt signaling, which may mechanistically facilitate glucocorticoid toxicity in bone.

关键词： Sclerostin prenatal negative

Deforestation and fragmentation trends of seasonal dry tropical forest in ecuador: impact on conservation

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Forest ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 615-627页

作者： Carlos A.Rivas JoséGuerrero-Casado Rafael m.Navarro-Cerillo Instituto de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Técnica de ManabíPortoviejoManabíEcuador Department of Forest engineering Laboratory of DendrochronologySilviculture and Global Change–DendrodatLab–ERSAFUniversity of CordobaCampus de RabanalesCrta.IVkm.396E-14071 CordobaSpain Departamento de medicina Veterinaria Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasUniversidad Técnica de ManabíPortoviejoManabíEcuador Department of Zoology University of CordobaCampus de Rabanales14071 CordobaSpain

Background:Fragmentation and deforestation are one of the greatest threats to forests,and these processes are of even more concern in the tropics,where the seasonal dry forest is possibly one of the most threatened ecosystems with the least remaining surface ***:The deforestation and fragmentation patterns that had occurred in ecuadorian seasonal dry forests between 1990 and 2018 were verified,while geographic information systems and land cover shapes provided by the ecuadorian ministry of the environment were employed to classify and evaluate three types of seasonal dry forests:deciduous,semi-deciduous,and *** study area was tessellated into 10 km2 hexagons,in which six fragmentation parameters were measured:number of patches,mean patch size,median patch size,total edge,edge density and reticular fragmentation index(RFI).The RFI was also measured both outside and inside protected natural areas(unprotected,national protected areas and protected forest).moreover,the areas with the best and worst conservation status,connectivity and risk of disappearance values were identified by means of a Getis-Ord Gi*statistical ***:The deforestation of seasonal dry forests affected 27.04%of the original surface area still remaining in 1990,with an annual deforestation rate of−1.12%between 1990 and *** RFI has increased by 11.61%as a result of the fact that small fragments of forest have tended to disappear,while the large fragments have been fragmented into smaller *** semi-deciduous forest had the highest levels of fragmentation in *** three categories of protection had significantly different levels of fragmentation,with lower RFI values in national protected areas and greater values in protected ***:The seasonal dry forest is fragmenting,deforesting and disappearing in some *** increased protection and conservation of the ecuadorian seasonal dry forest is,therefore,necessary owing to the fact that not all prot

关键词： Deciduous forest Semi-deciduous forest Remnant forest Patch isolation Habitat loss Protected areas

Guarding tomato fruit setting in adverse temperatures through the miRNA166-S/HBt5A regulatory module

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molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1046-1048页

作者： eder m.da Silva Fabio T.S.Nogueira Centro de energia Nuclear na Agricultura Universidade de Sao Paulo/USPPiracicabaSP 13400-970Brazil Laborat6rio de Genetica molecular do Desenvolvimento Vegetal Departamento de Ciencias BiologicasESALQ/USPPiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil

Fruits are defined as mature ovaries originated from a coordinated development between ovules(precursors of seeds)and carpels(precursors of the fruit body).Disconnecting the ovule development from carpel development is a long-desired goal in agriculture to generate seedless fruits easier to ***,pollination and fertilization are required to promote hormone pathways-i.e.,auxin and gibberellin-that are crucial for seed and fruit set(Gillaspy et al.,1993;Raghavan,2003).even though developing seeds are central for normal fruit development,examples of seedless or parthenocarpic fruits are present in wild and cultivated species(Joldersma and Liu,2017).

关键词： Guard connecting originated

Sympathetic activity in breast cancer and metastasis:partners in crime

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Bone Research 2021年第1期9卷 26-36页

作者： Francisco Conceição Daniela m.Sousa Joana Paredes meriem Lamghari I 3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde Universidade do Porto4200-135 PortoPortugal INeB-Instituto Nacional de engenharia Biomédica Universidade do Porto4200-135 PortoPortugal ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar Universidade do Porto4050-313 PortoPortugal IPATImUP-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia molecular da Universidade do Porto 4200-135 PortoPortugal FmUP-Faculdade de medicina da Universidade do Porto 4200-319 PortoPortugal

The vast majority of patients with advanced breast cancer present skeletal complications that severely compromise their quality of *** cancer cells are characterized by a strong tropism to the bone *** engraftment and colonization of bone,breast cancer cells interact with native bone cells to hinder the normal bone remodeling process and establish an osteolytic“metastatic vicious cycle”.The sympathetic nervous system has emerged in recent years as an important modulator of breast cancer progression and metastasis,potentiating and accelerating the onset of the vicious cycle and leading to extensive bone ***,sympathetic neurotransmitters and their cognate receptors have been shown to promote several hallmarks of breast cancer,such as proliferation,angiogenesis,immune escape,and invasion of the extracellular *** this review,we assembled the current knowledge concerning the complex interactions that take place in the tumor microenvironment,with a special emphasis on sympathetic modulation of breast cancer cells and stromal ***,the differential action of epinephrine and norepinephrine,through eitherα-orβ-adrenergic receptors,on breast cancer progression prompts careful consideration when designing new therapeutic *** addition,the contribution of sympathetic innervation to the formation of bone metastatic foci is *** particular,we address the remarkable ability of adrenergic signaling to condition the native bone remodeling process and modulate the bone vasculature,driving breast cancer cell engraftment in the bone ***,clinical perspectives and developments on the use ofβ-adrenergic receptor inhibitors for breast cancer management and treatment are discussed.

关键词： breast metastasis invasion

Performance enhancement of water bath heater at natural gas city gate station using twisted tubes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2020年第1期28卷 165-179页

作者： P.Soleimani m.Khoshvaght-Aliabadi H.Rashidi H.Bahmanpour Department of Chemical engineering Shahrood BranchIslamic Azad UniversityShahroodIran Department of environment Shahrood BranchIslamic Azad UniversityShahroodIran

Natural gas is transported from producing regions to consumption regions by using transmission pipelines at high pressures. At consumption regions, the pressure of natural gas is reduced in city gate stations(CGSs). Before the pressure reduction process, the temperature of natural gas is increased usually by using a water bath heater,which burns natural gas as fuel, to protect against freezing of natural gas. These types of heat exchangers have a low efficiency and consume a lot of fuel to generate the required heat. In the current study, the twisted configuration of the heating coil is proposed and investigated to enhance the heat transfer through a water bath heater with a nominal capacity of 1000 m^3·h^-1. Firstly, the implementation procedure is validated with data collected from the CGS of Qaleh-Jiq(located in Golestan province of Iran). A very good agreement is achieved between the obtained results and the real data. Then, three different twist ratios are considered to examine the twisting effects. The proposed technique is evaluated in the terms of velocity, temperature, and pressure variations, and the results are compared with the conventional case, i.e. straight configuration. It is found that both the heat transfer rate and the pressure drop augment as the twist ratio is raised. Finally, it is concluded that the twisted tubes can reduce the length of the gas coil by about 12.5% for the model with low twist ratio, 18.75% for the model with medium twist ratio, and 25% for the model with high twist ratio as compared to the straight configuration.

关键词： Natural gas city gate station Water bath heater Heat transfer enhancement Twisted tube

Fictitious soil pile model for dynamic analysis of pipe piles under high-strain conditions

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结构与土木工程前沿:英文版 2023年第6期17卷 915-934页

作者： Yuan TU m.H.el NAGGAR Kuihua WANG Wenbing WU Juntao WU School of Civil engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China mOe Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Geotechnical Research Centre Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Western OntarioLondonONN6A 5B9Canada engineering Research Center of Rock-Soil Drilling excavation and Protection Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

A fictitious soil pile(FSP)model is developed to simulate the behavior of pipe piles with soil plugs undergoing high-strain dynamic impact *** developed model simulates the base soil with a fictitious hollow pile fully filled with a soil plug extending at a cone angle from the pile toe to the *** friction on the outside and inside of the pile walls is distinguished using different shaft models,and the propagation of stress waves in the base soil and soil plug is *** motions of the pile—soil system are solved by discretizing them into spring-mass model based on the finite difference *** of the predictions of the proposed model and conventional numerical models,as well as measurements for pipe piles in field tests subjected to impact loading,validate the accuracy of the proposed model.A parametric analysis is conducted to illustrate the influence of the model parameters on the pile dynamic ***,the effective length of the FSP is proposed to approximate the affected soil zone below the pipe pile toe,and some guidance is provided for the selection of the model parameters.

关键词： fictitious soil pile soil plug pipe piles high-strain dynamic analysis one-dimensional wave theory pile dynamics

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老人药理学

老人药理学