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The Alzheimer’s Dementia Patients’ Observed Illness Course and Experience in Ghana and Care Lessons to Be Learnt: A mental Health Professional’s Perspective

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 91-106页

作者： Albert m. E. coleman Centre for Bioethics Medical Law and Patient Advocacy Sekondi Ghana

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and associated dementia patient numbers continue to increase globally with associated economic costs to healthcare systems. Of note is the increase in numbers in lower and middle-income countries (LmICs) including Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, which already face challenges with their health budgets from communicable and non-communicable diseases. Ghana, an SSA country, faces the problem of healthcare budgetary difficulties and the additional impact of AD as a consequence of increasing population strata of old aged persons (OAPs) due to the demographic transition effect. This article uses examples of known patients’ illness courses to give a perspective on the lived experience of patients with dementia (PWD) in Ghana, living amongst a populace with a culture of stigmatization of PWD, and a relatively fragile public mental health system (PmHS) for those with mental illness, including AD. The lived experience of AD patients is characterised by stigmatisation, discrimination, non-inclusiveness, diminished dignity and human rights abuses in the face of their mental disability, and eventually death. This article is an advocacy article giving voice to the voiceless and all persons suffering from AD and other dementias in Ghana, whilst pleading for a call to action from healthcare professionals and responsible state agencies.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Dementia Patients Ghana Stigmatization Discrimination Human Rights Dignity

Dense matter with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 28-44页

作者： Anna L.Watts WenFei Yu Juri Poutanen Shu Zhang Sudip Bhattacharyya Slavko Bogdanov Long Ji Alessandro Patruno Thomas E.Riley Pavel Bakala Altan Baykal Federico Bernardini Ignazio Bombaci Edward Brown Yuri Cavecchi Deepto Chakrabarty Jér?me Chenevez Nathalie Degenaar melania Del Santo Tiziana Di Salvo Victor Doroshenko maurizio Falanga Robert D.Ferdman marco Feroci Angelo F.Gambino mingYu Ge Svenja K.Greif Sebastien Guillot Can Gungor Dieter H.Hartmann Kai Hebeler Alexander Heger Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Jean in 't Zand Oleg Kargaltsev Aleksi KurkelaTheoretical Physics Department CERN XiaoYu Lai Ang Li XiangDong Li ZhaoSheng Li manuel Linares FangJun Lu Simin mahmoodifar mariano méndez m.coleman miller Sharon morsink Joonas N?ttil? Andrea Possenti Chanda Prescod-Weinstein JinLu Qu Alessandro Riggio Tuomo Salmi Andrea Sanna Andrea Santangelo Hendrik Schatz Achim Schwenk Liming Song Eva?rámková Benjamin Stappers Holger Stiele Tod Strohmayer Ingo Tews Laura Tolos Gabriel T?r?k David Tsang martin Urbanec Andrea Vacchi RenXin Xu YuPeng Xu Silvia Zane GuoBao Zhang ShuangNan Zhang WenDa Zhang ShiJie Zheng Xia Zhou Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Tuorla Observatory Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku Nordita KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen Leiden Observatory Leiden University Research Center for Computational Physics and Data Processing Silesian University in Opava Physics Department Middle East Technical University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma New York University Abu Dhabi Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi University of Pisa INFN Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton mIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research DTU Space Technical University of Denmark INAF/IASF Palermo via Ugo La Malfa 153 Universita degli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Faculty of Science University of East Anglia INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universit?t Darmstadt Extreme matter Institute EmmI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Instituto de Astrof'?sica Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Department of Physics & Astronomy Kinard Lab of Physics Clemson University School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Physics The George Washington University Faculty of Science and Technology University of Stavanger School of Physics and mechanical & Electrical Engineering Hubei University of Education Department of Astronomy Xiamen University (Haiyun Campus) School of Astronomy and Space

In this White Paper we present the potential of the Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for determining the nature of dense matter; neutron star cores host an extreme density regime which cannot be replicated in a terrestrial laboratory. The tightest statistical constraints on the dense matter equation of state will come from pulse profile modelling of accretion-powered pulsars, burst oscillation sources, and rotation-powered pulsars. Additional constraints will derive from spin measurements, burst spectra, and properties of the accretion flows in the vicinity of the neutron star. Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020 s.

关键词： neutron X-rays dense matter equation of state

Habitat structure directly affects aggression in convict cichlids Archocentrus nigrofasciatus

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 52-56页

作者： Anthony J. BARLEY Ronald m. coleman Department of Biological Sciences California State University Sacramento California 95819-6077 USA

Aggressive behavior can be an important factor in determining how animals use and divide space and resources. Previous studies have shown that aggression in fishes can be influenced by a variety of factors, including water temperature and resource levels. In this study, we tested if the amount of habitat structure in the environment affected aggression levels in female convict cichlids Archocentrus nigrofasciatus. We performed a laboratory experiment in which we placed female convict cichlids into an aquarium with low or high amounts of habitat structure and monitored the dominant female＇s behavior toward the subordinate female. Aggressive behavior in convict cichlids primarily consists of chases and bites. We found that the total time the dominant female spent chasing the subordinate female was greater when there was a low amount of habitat structure as compared to when there was a high amount of habitat structure. We also found that both the average duration of a chasing bout and the number of bites directed at the subordinate fish increased when there was a low amount of structure, but the number of chases did not. These results indicate that increased habitat structural complexity decreases aggressive behavior in convict cichlids [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 52-56, 2010].

关键词： Neotropical Life-history Female-female competition Fish Resource competition

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禽霉形体病的防制

国外畜牧科技 1992年第2期19卷 42-43页

作者： m.coleman 查红波

目前,世界上受到霉形体(以前称支原体。—编者注)病危害的鸡只达13％以上,使其增重减少38％,饲料转化率降低21％。当鸡群中出现霉形体阳性鸡时,很难全部检出并分离饲养。随着养鸡业规模的扩大,霉形体病的防制措施也在相应变化。彻底淘... 详细信息

目前,世界上受到霉形体(以前称支原体。—编者注)病危害的鸡只达13％以上,使其增重减少38％,饲料转化率降低21％。当鸡群中出现霉形体阳性鸡时,很难全部检出并分离饲养。随着养鸡业规模的扩大,霉形体病的防制措施也在相应变化。彻底淘汰阳性鸡是防制霉形体病的基本原则。防制霉形体病的几种方法 1.彻底淘汰阳性鸡群。

关键词：家禽霉形体病防制

一次性使用/空间运输系统火箭轨道转移级的液体推进技术

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上海航天 1988年第3期 24-28页

作者： K.A.Ennix m.coleman 吴素珍

分析用于各种上面级的轨道转移飞行器(OTV)最佳液体推进设计方案,研究了17.7—26t低地球轨道(LEO)级运载火箭有效载荷级用的高/低压地面可贮存推进系统技术及高性能、低推力低温推进方案.以LEO高度100nmile、比冲340s、质量比0.90为基... 详细信息

分析用于各种上面级的轨道转移飞行器(OTV)最佳液体推进设计方案,研究了17.7—26t低地球轨道(LEO)级运载火箭有效载荷级用的高/低压地面可贮存推进系统技术及高性能、低推力低温推进方案.以LEO高度100nmile、比冲340s、质量比0.90为基本标准,通过计算给出质量比在0.88—0.92及比冲在320—500s范围内的性能

关键词：运载火箭轨道发射轨道转移飞行器航天技术航天推进末级火箭发动机

Achalasia: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology,treatment and outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第35期19卷 5806-5812页

作者： Orla m O'Neill Brian T Johnston Helen G coleman Centre for Public Health Queen’s University Belfast Department of Gastroenterology Belfast Health and Social Care Trust

Achalasia is a neurodegenerative motility disorder of the oesophagus resulting in deranged oesophageal peristalsis and loss of lower oesophageal sphincter ***,annual achalasia incidence rates were believed to be low,approximately 0.5-1.2 per *** recent reports suggest that annual incidence rates have risen to 1.6 per 100000 in some *** aetiology of achalasia is still unclear but is likely to be *** causes include environmental or viral exposures resulting in inflammation of the oesophageal myenteric plexus,which elicits an autoimmune *** of achalasia may be elevated in a sub-group of genetically susceptible *** in the diagnosis of achalasia,through the introduction of high resolution manometry with pressure topography plotting,has resulted in the development of a novel classification system for *** classification system can evaluate patient prognosis and predict responsiveness to *** is currently much debate over whether pneumatic dilatation is a superior method compared to the Heller’s myotomy procedure in the treatment of achalasia.A recent com-parative study found equal efficacy,suggesting that patient preference and local expertise should guide the *** achalasia is a relatively rare condition,it carries a risk of complications,including aspiration pneumonia and oesophageal *** risk of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is believed to be significantly increased in patients with achalasia,however the absolute excess risk is ***,it is currently unknown whether a surveillance programme in achalasia patients would be effective or cost-effective.

关键词： Epidemiology Achalasia Incidence Treatment Oesophageal cancer risk

microglial depletion and repopulation:a new era of regenerative medicine?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1204-1205页

作者： Alexandra m.Barnett Fulton T.Crews Leon G.coleman Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSchool of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA Department of Pharmacology The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSchool of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA Department of Psychiatry The University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNCUSA

microglia have multiple functions and phenotypes that can prevent or worsen *** depletion and repopulation methods provide a promising technique for understanding microglial *** utility as therapeutic modalities is now under *** resident immune cells in the central nervous system(CNS),microglia maintain the local environment and promote neuronal ***,persistent proinflammatory signaling due to aberrant microglial activation can be *** is seen in settings such as traumatic brain injury(TBI)(Henry et al.,2020),stroke(Li et al.,2017),and alcohol use disorder(AUD)(coleman et al.,2020),when the loss of homeostatic control results in persistent proinflammatory signaling that contributes to ongoing neuropathology(Figure 1).Thus,selective replacement of chronically proinflammatory-activated microglia could improve functional outcomes.

关键词： al. pathology depletion

Why did life develop on the surface of the Earth in the Cambrian？

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 865-873页

作者： Carlo Doglioni Johannes Pignatti max coleman Department of Earth Sciences Sapienza University 00185 Rome Italy NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91109 USA NASA Astrobiology Institute USA

Life was limited for most of Earth＇s history, remaining at a primitive stage and mostly marine until about 0.55 Ga. In the Paleozoic, life eventually exploded and colonized the continental realm. Why had there been such a long period of delayed evolution of life？ Early life was dominated by Archaea and Bacteria, which can survive ionizing radiation better than other organisms. The magnetic field preserves the atmosphere, which is the main shield of UV radiation. We explore the hypothesis that the Cambrian explosion of life could have been enabled by the increase of the magnetic field dipole intensity due to the solidification of the inner core, caused by the cooling of the Earth, and the concomitant decrease with time of the high-energy solar flux since the birth of the solar system. Therefore, the two phenomena could be responsible for the growth and thickening of the atmosphere and the development of land surface life.

关键词： Origin of lifeInner core solidificationSolar ionizing radiations

Observatory science with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 97-138页

作者： Jean J.m.in 't Zand Enrico Bozzo JinLu Qu Xiang-Dong Li Lorenzo Amati Yang Chen Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Stephen A.Drake margarita Hernanz Peter A.Jenke Thomas J.maccarone Simin mahmoodifar Domitilla de martino Alessandra De Rosa Elena m.Rossi Antonia Rowlinson Gloria Sala Giulia Stratta Thomas m.Tauris Joern Wilms XueFeng Wu Ping Zhou Iván Agudo Diego Altamirano Jean-Luc Atteia Nils A.andersson m.Cristina Baglio David R.Ballantyne Altan Baykal Ehud Behar Tomaso Belloni Sudip Bhattacharyya Stefano Bianchi Anna Bilous Pere Blay Joao Braga Sφren Brandt Edward F.Brown Niccolo Bucciantini Luciano Burderi Edward m.Cackett Riccardo Campana Sergio Campana Piergiorgio Casella Yuri Cavecchi Frank Chambers Liang Chen Yu-Peng Chen Jér?me Chenevez maria Chernyakova ChiChuan Jin Riccardo Ciolfi Elisa Costantini Andrew Cumming Antonino D'Aì Zi-Gao Dai Filippo D'Ammando massimiliano De Pasquale Nathalie Degenaar melania Del Santo Valerio D'Elia Tiziana Di Salvo Gerry Doyle maurizio Falanga XiLong Fan Robert D.Ferdman marco Feroci Federico Fraschetti Duncan K.Galloway Angelo F.Gambino Poshak Gandhi mingYu Ge Bruce Gendre Ramandeep Gill Diego G?tz Christian Gouiffès Paola Grandi Jonathan Granot manuel Güdel Alexander Heger Craig O.Heinke Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Kazushi Iwasawa Luca Izzo Long Ji Peter G.Jonker Jordi José Jelle S.Kaastra Emrah Kalemci Oleg Kargaltsev Nobuyuki Kawai Laurens Keek Stefanie Komossa Ingo Kreykenbohm Lucien Kuiper Devaky Kunneriath Gang Li En-Wei Liang manuel Linares Francesco Longo FangJun Lu Alexander A.Lutovinov Denys malyshev Julien malzac Antonios manousakis Ian mcHardy missagh mehdipour YunPeng men mariano méndez Roberto P.mignani Romana mikusincova m.coleman miller Giovanni miniutti Christian motch Joonas Nättilä Emanuele Nardini Torsten Neubert Paul T.O'Brien mauro Orlandini Julian P.Osborne Luigi Pacciani Stéphane Paltani maurizio Paolillo Iossif E.Papadakis Biswajit Paul Alberto Pellizzoni Uria Peretz miguel A.Pérez Torres Emanuele Perinati Chanda Prescod-Weinstein Pablo Reig SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University INAF-IASF Bologna ASI Via del Politecnico snc INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ICREA&Institute of Space Sciences(IEEC-CSIC) Campus UABCarrer de Can Magrans CSPAR SPA University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Physics Texas Tech University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte Leiden Observatory Leiden University Anton Pannekoek Institute University of Amsterdam ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC-IEEC) Universitádegli Studi di Urbino‘Carlo Bo’ max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Dr.Karl-Remeis-Sternwarte and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich Alexander Universit?t Erlangen-Nurnberg Purple mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Astrofysíca de Andalucia-CSIC Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton IRAP Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSCNES mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton New York University Abu Dhabi Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of PhysicsGeorgia Institute of Technology Physics Department Middle East Technical University Department of Physics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Dipartimento di matematica e Fisica Universitàdegli Studi Roma Tre Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark(DTU Space) Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Dipartimento di Fisica Universitádegli Studi di Cagliari Department of Physics and A

In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.

关键词： space research in struments nuclear astrophysics flare stars accretion and accretion disks mass loss and stellar winds cataclysmic binaries X-ray binaries supernova remnants active galactic nuclei X-ray bursts gamma-ray bursts gravitational waves