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Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

World Journal of Critical Care medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angajendra N Ghosh Calum J Walsh matthew J maiden Tim P Stinear Adam m Deane Department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the GI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the GI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter GI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to GI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the GI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

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Antimonene-based saturable absorber for a soliton mode-locked and Q-switched fiber laser in the 2 μm wavelength region

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第6期32卷 259-269页

作者： H Ahmad B Nizamani m Z Samion N Yusoff m F Ismail Photonics Research Centre Universiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Distinguished Visiting Professor Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute(UniKL BMI)Batu 8Jln Sungai Pusu53100SelangorMalaysia

We demonstrate antimonene as a saturable absorber(SA) to generate an ultrafast mode-locked and Q-switched laser in the 2 μm wavelength region. The two antimonene-based SAs were prepared and inserted separately in a thulium–holmiumdoped fiber laser to produce the pulsed laser. Antimonene was coated onto a tapered fiber to generate soliton mode-locked pulses and used in thin-film form for the generation of Q-switched pulses. The mode-locking was stable within a pump power of 267 m W–511 m W, and the laser operated at a central wavelength of 1897.4 nm. The mode-locked laser had a pulse width of 1.3 ps and a repetition rate of 12.6 mHz, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 64 d B. Q-switched laser operation was stable at a wavelength of 1890.1 nm within a pump power of 312 m W–381 m W. With the increase in pump power from 312 m W to 381 m W, the repetition rate increased to a maximum of 56.63 k Hz and the pulse width decreased to a minimum value of 2.85 μs. Wide-range tunability of the Q-switched laser was also realized within the wavelength range of1882 nm–1936 nm.

关键词： mode-locking Q-switched fiber laser optical saturable absorber

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One-loop approximation of mφller scattering in generalized Krein-space quantization

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第2期52卷 212-217页

作者： F. PAYANDEH m. mEHRAFARIN m. V. TAKOOK Physics Department Amirkabir University of Technology Payame Noor University Physics Department Razi University

It has been shown that the negative-norm states necessarily appear in a covariant quantization of the free minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter spacetime. In this processes ultraviolet and infrared di- vergences have been automatically eliminated. A natural renormalization of the one-loop interacting quantum field in minkowski spacetime (λφ 4) has been achieved through the consideration of the nega- tive-norm states defined in Krein space. It has been shown that the combination of quantum field theory in Krein space together with consideration of quantum metric fluctuation, results in quantum field the- ory without any divergences. Pursuing this approach, we express Wick’s theorem and calculate mφller scattering in the one-loop approximation in generalized Krein space. The mathematical consequence of this method is the disappearance of the ultraviolet divergence in the one-loop approximation.

关键词： quantum field theory Krein space negative energy states

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Intersection of two rare conditions:Clinical reflection on tuberous sclerosis combined with primary lymphedema

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 13-16页

作者： Xiao Wu Xiao-Hui min Hai-Feng Xu m Jalal Ud Din Gang Zhang Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Nanjing medical University Nanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

This editorial discusses a case report recently published in the World Journal of Clinical *** report describes the clinical presentation,imaging,diagnosis,and treatment of a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)combined with primary lymphedema(PLE).Additionally,it retrospectively analyzes the data of 16 previously reported cases of children with TSC combined with PLE to summarize the epidemiology,genetic diagnosis,and current main treatments of these *** report also speculates on the pathological and physiological mechanisms underlying TSC combined with *** combined with PLE is rare;therefore,the report provides a theoretical basis for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options for patients with TSC and *** clinical management of TSC is essential due to the diverse and multiorgan nature of its manifestations,often requiring a multidisciplinary approach for newly diagnosed cases.

关键词： Tuberous sclerosis complex Lymphedema Examination Diagnosis Treatment

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2D CFD Analysis and Experimental Analysis on the Effect of Hub to Tip Ratios on the Performance of 0.6 m Impulse Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第4期13卷 315-320页

作者： A. THAKKER m.El. HEmRY Wave Energy Research Team Department of mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick IrelandWave Energy Research Team Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Ireland

The objective of this paper is to present the performance comparison of 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis with experimental analysis of 0.6 m impulse turbine with fixed guide vanes for both 0.6 and 0.7 hub to tip ratio (H/T). Also the comparison of 2D CFD analysis of the said turbine with different values of H/T ranging from 0.5 to 0.7. A 2D-cascade model was used for CFD analysis while uni-directional steady flow was used for experimental analysis. The blade and guide vane geometries are based on 0.6 m rotor diameter, with optimum profile, and different H/T of 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7. It was concluded from 2D CFD analysis that 0.5 H/T ratio performances was higher than that of 0.6 and 0.7 H/T at peak efficiency and the operational flow range for 0.5 H/T was found to be wider than that of 0.6 and 0.7 H/T ratio.

关键词： wave energy impulse turbine computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

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Association of the glycemic background patterns and the diabetes management efficacy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 74-90页

作者： Ayşe N Erbakan müzeyyen Arslan Bahadır FatoşN Kaya Büşra Güleç miraçVural Keskinler Ümmügülsüm AktemurÇelik Özge Faydalıel Banu mesçi Aytekin Oğuz Department of Internal medicine Prof Dr Suleyman Yalcin City HospitalIstanbul Medeniyet UniversityIstanbul 34722Türkiye Department of Family medicine Istanbul Medeniyet UniversityIstanbul 34722Türkiye

BACKGROUND Inadequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2Dm)is a major public health problem and a significant risk factor for the progression of diabetic *** To evaluate the effects of intensive and supportive glycemic management strategies over a 12-month period in individuals with T2Dm with glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)≥10%and varying backgrounds of glycemic *** This prospective observational study investigated glycemic control in patients with poorly controlled T2Dm over 12 *** were categorized into four groups based on prior glycemic history:Newly diagnosed,previously well controlled with recent worsening,previously off-target but now worsening,and HbA1c consistently above 10%.HbA1c levels were monitored quarterly,and patients received medical,educational,and dietary support as *** analysis focused on the success rates of good glycemic control and the associated factors within each *** The study showed significant improvements in HbA1c levels in all *** most significant improvement was observed in individuals newly diagnosed with diabetes:65%achieved an HbA1c target of≤7%.The results varied between participants with different glycemic control histories,followed by decreasing success rates:39%in participants with previously good glycemic control,21%in participants whose glycemic control had deteriorated compared to before,and only 10%in participants with persistently poor control,with mean HbA1c levels of 6.3%,7.7%,8.2%,and 9.7%,*** one year,65.2%of the“newly diagnosed patients”,39.3%in the“previously controlled group”,21.9%in the“previously off-target but now worsened'”group and 10%in the“poorly controlled from the start”group had achieved HbA1c levels of 7 and *** In poorly controlled diabetes,the rate at which treatment goals are achieved is associated with the glycemic background characteristics,emphasizing the need for tailored ***

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glycated hemoglobin Glycemic control Patient-centered care Diabetes management glycemic background

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Regression analysis of squeezing-induced hybrid nanofluid flow in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第01期 193-208页

作者： K.mUHAmmAD m.SARFRAZ Department of Humanities and Sciences School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Department of mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This article presents a mathematical model addressing a scenario involving a hybrid nanofluid flow between two infinite parallel plates. One plate remains stationary, while the other moves downward at a squeezing velocity. The space between these plates contains a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium. A mixture of water-based fluid with gold(Au) and silicon dioxide(Si O2) nanoparticles is formulated. In contrast to the conventional Fourier's heat flux equation, this study employs the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the flow direction, invoking magnetohydrodynamic(mHD) effects. Further, the model accounts for Joule heating, which is the heat generated when an electric current passes through the fluid. The problem is solved via NDSolve in mATHEmATICA. Numerical and statistical analyses are conducted to provide insights into the behavior of the nanomaterials between the parallel plates with respect to the flow, energy transport, and skin *** findings of this study have potential applications in enhancing cooling systems and optimizing thermal management strategies. It is observed that the squeezing motion generates additional pressure gradients within the fluid, which enhances the flow rate but reduces the frictional drag. Consequently, the fluid is pushed more vigorously between the plates, increasing the flow velocity. As the fluid experiences higher flow rates due to the increased squeezing effect, it spends less time in the region between the plates. The thermal relaxation, however, abruptly changes the temperature, leading to a decrease in the temperature fluctuations.

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measurement of the pion form factor for m_(ππ)～2 between 0.1 and 0.85 GeV^2 with the KLOE detector

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 686-691页

作者： Stefan E.müller Institut für Kernphysik Johannes Gutenberg-Universitt

The KLOE experiment at the φ-factory DAФPNE has measured the pion form factor in the range between 0.1 〈 mππ^2 〈 0.85 GeV^2 using events taken at √s = 1 GeV with a photon emitted at large polar angles in the initial state. This measurement extends the mππ^2 region covered by KLOE ISR measurements of the pion form factor down to the two pion production threshold. The value obtained in this measurement of the dipion contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment of △αμ^ππ= （478.5±2-0stat±4.8syst±2.9theo）·10^-10 further confirms the discrepancy between the Standard model evaluation for αμ and the experimental value measured by the （g-2） collaboration at BNL.

关键词： hadronic cross section initial state radiation pion form factor muon anomaly

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Convergence of COVID-19 and recurrent stroke:In-hospital mortality risks explored

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 5-8页

作者： Basavraj S Nagoba Shree V Dhotre Ajay m Gavkare Sachin S mumbre Pradnya S Dhotre Department of microbiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of microbiology Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India Department of Community medicine Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India Department of Biochemistry Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India

This editorial comments on the article by Desai et al,which investigates the impact of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)on in-hospital mortality among patients with recurrent stroke using data from the 2020 National Inpatient *** findings reveal significantly higher mortality rates in COVID-19-positive patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients,particularly among middle-aged individuals,males,and ethnic *** editorial explores the underlying mechanisms contributing to these outcomes and discusses the clinical implications for targeted management strategies in high-risk *** results emphasize the need for comprehensive approaches to mitigate the heightened risks faced by recurrent stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Recurrent stroke COVID-19 In-hospital mortality Nationwide analysis Stroke admissions Infectious diseases Chronic health conditions Hypercoagulability

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Gut virome:New key players in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of methodology 2025年第2期15卷 27-43页

作者： Helal F Hetta Rehab Ahmed Yasmin N Ramadan Hayam Fathy mohammed Khorshid mohamed m mabrouk mai Hashem Department of medical microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Division of microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyFaculty of pharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Division of microbiology Immunology and BiotechnologyDepartment of Natural Products and Alternative MedicineFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Internal medicine Division HepatogastroenterologyAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Clinical Research Egyptian Developers of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy FoundationCairo 11936Egypt Department of Internal medicine Faculty of Medicine.Tanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Tropical medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologyAssiut University HospitalAssiut 71515Egypt

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic inflammatory illness of the *** the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of IBD is not fully under-stood,it is believed that a complex combination of host immunological response,environmental exposure,particularly the gut microbiota,and genetic suscept-ibility represents the major *** gut virome is a group of viruses found in great frequency in the gastrointestinal tract of *** gut virome varies greatly among individuals and is influenced by factors including lifestyle,diet,health and disease conditions,geography,and *** majority of research has focused on the significance of gut bacteria in the progression of IBD,although viral populations represent an important component of the *** conducted this review to highlight the viral communities in the gut and their expected roles in the etiopathogenesis of IBD regarding published research to date.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pathogenesis Gut virome Bacteriophage Eukaryotic viruses

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