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Design of multi-Valued Logic Circuit Using Carbon Nano Tube Field Transistors

Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5283-5298页

作者： S.V.ratankum.r L.Koteswara rao m.kiran kum.r Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationAziz NagarHyderabad500075TelanganaIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering RGM College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyal518501Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur522502Andhra PradeshIndia

The design of a three-input logic circuit using carbon nanotube field effect transistors(CNTFETs)is *** logic must be an exact replacement for dual logic since it performs straightforwardly in digital devices,which is why this design is so popular,and it also reduces chip area,both of which are examples of circuit *** proposed module we have investigated is a triple-logic-based one,based on advanced technology CNTFETs and an emphasis on minimizing delay times at various values,as well as comparisons of the design working with various load *** the proposed design with the existing design,the delay times was reduced from 66.32 to 16.41 ps,i.e.,a 75.26%***,the power dissipation was not optimized,and increased by 1.44%compared to the existing *** number of transistors was also reduced,and the product of power and delay(P∗D)achieved a value of 0.0498053 *** improvement at 1 V was also achieved.A load capacitance(fF)was measured at different values,and the average delay measured for different values of capacitance had a maximum of 83.60 ps and a minimum of 22.54 ps,with a range of 61.06 *** power dissipations ranged from a minimum of 3.38μW to a maximum of 6.49μ*** on these results,the use of this CNTFET half-adder design in multiple Boolean circuits will be a useful addition to circuit design.

关键词： Carbon nanotube field effect transistor(CNTFET) multivalued logic(mVL) ternary adder Hewlett simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis(HSPICE) chirality(nm) adder

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Arraying of microphotosynthetic power cells for enhanced power output

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 185-202页

作者： kiran Kuruvinashetti muthukum.ran Packirisamy Optical-Bio microsystems Laboratory Department of MechanicalIndustrial and Aerospace EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealQC H3G1M8Canada

microphotosynthetic power cells(μPSCs)generate power through the exploitation of living photosynthetic’microorganisms by harvesting *** thermodynamic limitations of this process restrict the power output of a single ***,we demonstrateμPSCs in four different array configurations to enhance power output from these power *** this effect,sixμPSCs were arrayed in series,parallel,and combinations of series and parallel *** pPSC was injected with a 2 mL liquid culture of photosynthetic microorganisms(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)in the anode and 2 mL of 25%(w/v)electron acceptor potassium ferricyanide(K_(3)Fe(CN)_(6))in the *** combinations ofμPSCs connected in series and parallel'generated higher power than the individual series and parallel *** combinations of sixμPSCs connected in series and in parallel produced a high power density of 1914 mWm^(-2)in the presence of white fluorescent light illumination at 20μEm^(-2)s^(-1).Furthermore,to realize the array strategy for real-time applications,a 1.7V/2mA rating light-emitting diode(LED)was powered by combinations of series and parallel array *** results indicate the reliability ofμPSCs to produce electricity from photosynthetic microorganisms for low-power *** addition,the results suggest that a combination of microlevel photosynthetic cells in array format represents a powerful optimal design strategy to enhance the power output fromμPSCs.

关键词： power illumination harvesting

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melting heat and thermal radiation effects in stretched flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2017年第7期38卷 957-968页

作者： T.HAYAT A.kiran m.ImTIAZ A.ALSAEDI Department of mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Nonlinear Analysis and Applied mathematics (NAAm) research Group Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University

The incompressible flow of a non-Newtonian fluid with mixed convection along a stretching sheet is analyzed. The heat transfer phenomenon is discussed through thermal radiation. The effects of the melting heat transfer and heat generation/absorption are also taken. Suitable transformations are utilized to attain the nonlinear ordinary differential expressions. The convergent series solutions are presented. The fluid flow, temperature, and surface heat transfer rate are examined graphically. It is observed that the velocity decreases when the relaxation time increases while increases when the retardation time is constant. The results also reveal that the temperature distribution reduces when the radiation parameter increases.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic (mHD) Oldroyd-B fluid mixed convection meltingheat transfer thermal radiation heat generation/absorption

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Stochastic Energy management of microgrid with Nodal Pricing

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 102-110页

作者： Dhanapala Prudhviraj P.B.S.kiran Naran m.Pindoriya IEEE Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GandhinagarPalaj 382355GandhinagarIndia

This paper develops a stochastic framework for the energy management of a microgrid to minimize the energy cost from the *** considers the uncertainties in solar photovoltaic(PV)generation,load demand,and electricity ***,the opportunity of flexible load demand,i.e.,the effect of demand response(Dr),on the test system is *** uncertainties are modeled by using monte Carlo simulations and the generated scenarios are reduced to improve the computational *** general,microgrid scheduling is implemented by using substation(source node)price as a reference,but that reference price is not the same at all ***,this paper develops the nodal price based energy management in a microgrid to improve the scheduling *** stochastic energy management framework is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear programming(mINLP).Four case studies are simulated for a modified 15-node radial distribution network integrated with solar PV and battery energy storage system(BESS)to validate the effectiveness of the energy management framework for a microgrid with nodal pricing.

关键词： Battery energy storage system(BESS) demand response(Dr) distributed generation microgrid mixed integer non-linear programming(mINLP) scheduling stochastic optimization

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Origin of clay minerals on section of Luochuan loesspalaeosol in Shaanxi Province,northwest China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 684-694页

作者： Chang Dok Won HanLie Hong kum.ryong Pak Kim Chaek University of Technology Pyongyang999093Korea School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan430074China

Crystallinity,polytype,and morphology of clay minerals in the Luochuan loess-palaeosols in Shaanxi Province,northwest China were studied in order to have an insight into their origin using X-ray diffraction(XrD)analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEm)*** SEm observations showed that the morphology of some illites seems to be lath-shaped *** analysis of illite crystallinity(IC)on the Luochuan section indicated that the origin of illite was related to the rocks of an *** illite in the Luochuan loess-palaeosol section were of 2m1 polytype,but some were of 1m polytype formed by weathering of feldspar in the process of *** in the Luochuan section has undergone both physical and chemical *** results revealed that most illite were of detrital origin related to the source area of an anchizone,but parts of the illite were of an authigenic origin formed during pedogenesis after *** in the samples of the Luochuan section were mainly composed of irregular flaky grains and their crystallinity was *** showed that chlorite had the detrital origin formed by physical *** crystallinity was relatively *** value of CIA on the Luochuan section ranges from 61.9 to 69,and therefore kaolinite could not be formed during weathering and *** results indicated that the kaolinite had a detrital *** of smectite seems to be *** XrD patterns of all samples contained diffraction peaks at 1.5218Å(nontronite)and 1.5052Å(montmorillonite),thus indicating an intermediate composition between trioctahedral and dioctahedral *** smectite crystallinity was very *** results revealed that smectite in the study area was authigenic rather than detrital origin.

关键词： clay minerals crystallinity loess-palaeosol origin polytype

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Acceleration of solar wind particles due to inertial Alfvén waves

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 137-141页

作者： kiran Batool Imran A Khan m Shamir Abdul Kabir S Ayaz Theoretical Physics Department National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Space Sciences Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Space and Astrophysics research Lab(SArL) National Center of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Salam Chair Department of PhysicsGC University LahoreKatchery RoadLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Space Science and CSPAr University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleAL 35899United States of America

Gaining an understanding of the effects and dynamics of the solar wind is crucial for the study of space weather,Earth's magnetosphere,spacecraft protection,the dynamics of the Solar System,and various other *** show that Alfvén waves effectively transfer energy to resonant *** study demonstrates how inertial Alfvén waves deliver their energy to resonant plasma particles in different solar environments under certain *** analysis shows that inertial Alfvén waves experience more rapid damping with increasing parallel wavenumber,ambient magnetic field strength,and particle number density,coupled with a decrease in *** rate of energy transfer to resonant particles intensifies with higher temperatures and reduced parallel wavenumber and particle number *** with higher initial velocities actively participate in Landau damping,especially in regions with a stronger ambient magnetic field.

关键词： solar wind inertial Alfven waves resonant particles

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Drained rock volume around hydraulic fractures in porous media:planar fractures versus fractal networks

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Petroleum Science 2019年第5期16卷 1064-1085页

作者： kiran Nandlal ruud Weijermars Harold Vance Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University3116 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843-3116USA

This study applies the Lindenmayer system based on fractal theory to generate synthetic fracture networks in hydraulically fractured *** applied flow model is based on complex analysis methods,which can quantify the flow near the fractures,and being gridless,is computationally faster than traditional discrete volume *** representation of hydraulic fractures as fractals is a more realistic representation than planar bi-wing fractures used in most reservoir *** withdrawal from the reservoir with evenly spaced hydraulic fractures may leave dead zones between planar *** fractal networks will drain the reservoir matrix more effectively,due to the mitigation of stagnation flow *** flow velocities,pressure response,and drained rock volume(DrV)are visualized for a variety of fractal fracture networks in a single-fracture treatment *** major advancement of this study is the improved representation of hydraulic fractures as complex fractals rather than restricting to planar fracture *** models indicate that when the complexity of hydraulic fracture networks increases,this will suppress the occurrence of dead flow *** order to increase the DrV and improve ultimate recovery,our flow models suggest that fracture treatment programs must find ways to create more complex fracture networks.

关键词： Hydraulic fractures Drained rock volume Dead zones Fractals Branched fractures

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Effect of Tributyltin on Escherichia coli:role of modifying Factors

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第4期2卷 366-375页

作者： kiran SINGH Department of microbiology Bhopal UniversityBhopal.462026M.P.India

The effects of inorganic and organic tin compounds and various factors affecting the toxicity of the latter to Escherichia coli were *** comparison to stannous chloride,tributyltin chloride(TBTC)was more inhibitory to the growth of the test organism;this may be due to its greater liposolubility and ready absorption through the bacterial *** toxicity of TBTC to *** was modulated by various factors,such as pH,sulfate and chloride ions,and the presence of glucose,succinate,and reducing agents like cysteine and dithiothreitol(DTT). TBTC was more toxic to cells in minimal than in complex ***,this compound was more inhibitory to the growth of *** at acid pH than at basic *** in contrast to glucose,when used as a carbon source,made the bacterium more sensitive to *** and DTT(both at a final concentration of 0.5 mm)partially protected the cells against the inhibitory effect of this agent.1989 Academic Press,Inc.

关键词： TBTC Effect of Tributyltin on Escherichia coli coli

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One Pot Synthesis of medicinally Important ***-4-am i no s u bstituted-1,2,3,4-tetrahyd roq u i nolines

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2012年第3期30卷 534-540页

作者： kiran,kum.r H.C mahadevan,K.m Prabhakara,VarmaP Srinivasa,A Department of Post Graduate Studies and research in Chemistry School of Chemical SciencesKuvempu UnivesityShankaraghatta-577451KarnatakaIndia Bioorganics andApplied materials Pvt.Ltd. PIABangalore-58KarnatakaIndia Cdymax(India)Pharma Pvt.Ltd.116/117 KIADB Industrial AreaJiganiBangalore-560105KarnatakaIndia

A simple synthesis of medicinally important cis-2-methyl-4-azapan-2-one-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines/cis-9- （2-methyl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-4-yl）-9H-carbazole was reported. multicomponent one pot synthesis with ani- lines and N-vinylcaprolactam/N-vinyl carbazole via imino Diels-Alder reaction by using antimony trichloride as catalyst and acetonitrile as solvent was employed. Nmr technique （2D） was used to study the regio- and stereo- chemistry of newly synthesized compounds. The cis diastereo-selectivity of the products was predicted by COSY and NOESY studies.

关键词： imino Diels-Alder antimony trichloride tetrahydroquinoline N-vinylcaprolactam N-vinylcarbazole

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A novel approach to investigate effect of magnetic field on dynamic properties of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers in shear mode

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第7期22卷 2612-2619页

作者： Sriharsha Hegde Katari kiran K V Gangadharan Department of mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology

The preparation of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers(mrE) was focused on by varying the percentage volume concentration of carbonyl iron powder and developing a test set up to test the dynamic properties. Effect of magnetic field on the damping ratio was studied on the amplification region of the transmissibility curve. The viscoelastic dynamic damping nature of the elastomer was also studied by analyzing the force-displacement hysteresis graphs. The results show that mr effect increases with the increase in magnetic field as well as carbonyl iron powder particle concentration. It is observed that softer matrix material produces more mr effect. A maximum of 125% improvement in the loss factor is observed for the mrE with 25% carbonyl iron volume concentration. FEmm simulation shows that as carbonyl iron particle distribution becomes denser, mr effect is improved. FEmm analysis also reveals that if the distance between the adjacent iron particles are reduced from 20 μm to 10 μm, a 40% increase in stored energy is observed.

关键词： magnetorheological elastomer natural rubber carbonyl iron powder(CIP) dynamic analysis

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