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CTGF, intestinal stellate cells and carcinoid fi brogenesis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5208-5216页

作者： m Kidd im modlin mD Shapiro RL Camp Sm mane W Usinger JR murren Departments of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520-8062 United States Departments of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520-8062 United States Departments of Affymetrix Resource Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520-8062 United States Fibrogen Inc San Francisco CA United States Departments of medical Oncology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520-8062 United States

Aim： To investigate the role of small intestinal carcinoid tumor-derived fibrotic mediators, TGFβ1 and CTGF, in the mediation of fibrosis via activation of an ＂intestinal＂ stellate cell. mETHODS： GI carcinoid tumors were collected for Q RT-PCR analysis of CTGF and TGFβ1. markers of stellate cell desmoplasia were identified in peritoneal fibrosis by immunohistochemistry and stellate cells cultured from fresh resected fibrotic tissue. CTGF and TGFβ1 were evaluated using quantitative tissue array profiling （AQUA analysis） in a GI carcinoid tissue microarray （TmA） with immunostaining and correlated with clinical and histologically documented fibrosis. Serum CTGF was analyzed using a sandwich ELISA assay. RESULTS： message levels of both CTGF and TGFβ1 in SI carcinoid tumors were significantly increased （〉 2-fold, P 〈 0.05） versus normal mucosa and gastric （non-fibrotic） carcinoids. Activated stellate cells and markers of stellate cell-mediated fibrosis （vimentin, desmin） were identified in histological fibrosis. An intestinal stellate cell was immunocytochemically and biochemically characterized and its TGFβ1 （10-7m） initiated CTGF transcription response （〉 3-fold, P 〈 0.05） demonstrated. In SI carcinoid tumor patients with documented fibrosis, TmA analysis demonstrated higher CTGF immunostaining （AQUA Score： 92 ± 8, P 〈0.05）, as well as elevated TGFβ1 （90.6 ± 4.4, P 〈 0.05）. Plasma CTGF （normal 12.5 ± 2.6 ng/mL） was increased in SI carcinoid tumor patients （31 ± 10 ng/mL, P 〈 0.05） compared to non-fibrotic GI carcinoids （〈 15 ng/mL） CONCLUSION： SI carcinoid tumor fibrosis is a CTGF/ TGFβl-mediated stellate cell-driven fibrotic response. The delineation of the biology of fibrosis will facilitate diagnosis and enable development of agents to obviate its local and systemic complications.

关键词： Carcinoid Connective tissue growth factor fibrosis Small intestine Stellate cell TGFI

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Discreteness of Flux Groups

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第1期22卷 115-122页

作者： Yong Seung CHO myung im Lim Department of mathematics Ewha Women's-University Seoul 120-750 Korea

Let （m, ω） be a closed symplectic 2n-dimensional manifold. Donaldson in his paper showed that there exist 2m-dimensional symplectie submanifolds （V^2m,ω） of （m,ω）, 1 ≤m ≤ n - 1, with （m - 1）-equivalent inclusions. On the basis of this fact we obtain isomorphic relations between kernel of Lefschetz map of m and kernels of Lefschetz maps of Donaldson submanifolds V^2m, 2 ≤ m ≤ n - 1. Then, using this relation, we show that the flux group of m is discrete if the action of π1 （m） on π2（m） is trivial and there exists a retraction r ： m→ V, where V is a 4-dimensional Donaldson submanifold. And, in the symplectically aspherical case, we investigate the flux groups of the manifolds.

关键词： Symplectic diffeomorphisms Flux Symplectically aspherical manifold Donaldson submanifold

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Advances in carbon-based thermoelectric materials for high-performance,flexible thermoelectric devices

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Carbon Energy 2021年第5期3卷 667-708页

作者： Jeong-Seob Yun Seongyun Choi Sang Hyuk im Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea UniversitySeongbuk-guSeoulRepublic of Korea

Waste energy harvesting can contribute to the increase of the efficiency of many industrial processes,which consume energy to produce valuable *** all the wasted energy,heat energy is the most abundant,existing in almost any *** devices have the capability to harvest and convert the thermal energy into electrical power via the Seebeck *** its simple operating principle,thermoelectric devices can be reliable even under the harshest environments,taking advantage of any type of heat *** a result,various inorganic and organic materials are being explored as thermoelectric *** the reported materials,carbon-based materials are promising in terms of commericialization,due to their nontoxic and abundant nature,and solution *** particular,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS),carbon nanotubes,and graphene are extensively studied as thermoelectric materials owing to their remarkable thermoelectric ***,organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites show the potential to be used as future high-performance thermoelectric ***,the progess in carbon materials as thermoelectrics is reviewed in detail,focusing on four base materials(PEDOT:PSS,carbon nanotubes,graphene,and organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites).This review illuminates the potential of carbon-based materials in the field of thermoelectrics and their application to next-generation energy devices.

关键词： carbon materials carbon nanotubes graphene halide perovskites PEDOT:PSS thermoelectrics

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Hyperoxia accelerates progression of hepatic fibrosis by up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β expression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 3011-3017页

作者： Sang Hwa Lee Sung-im Do Hyun-Soo Kim Department of Pathology Aerospace Medicine Research CenterAerospace Medical CenterRepublic of Korea Air ForceChungcheongbuk-do 363-849South Korea Department of Pathology Kangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 110-746South Korea

Aim: To investigate the effect of hypoxia or hyperoxia on the progression of hepatic fibrosis and to examine the role of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the livers of rats exposed to hypoxic or hyperoxic con... 详细信息

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis, Cirrhosis, Hypoxia, Hyperoxia, Transforming growth factor-β

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Optimization of ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenolic content from Peperomia pellucida (L) kunth using response surface methodology

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第7期7卷 660-665页

作者： Islamudin Ahmad Arry Yanuar Kamarza mulia Abdul mun'im Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy Mulawarman University Samarinda East Kalimantan Indonesia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 West Java Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 West Java Indonesia

Objective: To optimize the ionic liquid based microwave-assisted extraction (IL-mAE) of polyphenolic content from Peperomia pellucida (L) Kunth. methods: The IL-mAE factors as experimental design parameters, including microwave power, extraction time, ionic liquid concentration, and liquid–solid ratio had been involved. Response surface methodology and Box–Behnken design were used to obtain predictive model (multivariate quadratic regression equation) and optimization of the extraction process. The response surface was analyzed by using the yields of total polyphenolic content as response value. Results: Based on the obtained results the optimum extraction condition, including microwave power of 30% Watts, extraction time of 18.5 min, the ionic liquid concen-tration of 0.79 mol/L, and the liquid–solid ratio of 10.72 mL/g 1-Buthyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) as a solvent was selected. The regression model was obtained to predicts the yields from Peperomia pellucida:Y = 30.250 – 1.356X1 + 2.655X2 + 2.252X3 – 0.565X4 + 0.990 X1X3 – 8.172 X1X4 – 3.439 X3X4 – 4.178 X12 – 3.210 X32 – 6.786 X42 – 7.290 X12X3 + 5.575 X1X32 – 4.843 X32X4 with R2 = 0.82519. Scale-up confirmation test was obtained the maximum yields of total polyphenolics content with the amount of 31.1725μg GAE/g. Conclusions: The IL-mAE method produced a higher extraction polyphenolic and performed rapidly, easily and efficiently.

关键词： Peperomia pellucida (L) Kunth 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Response surface methodology Box–Behnken design Polyphenolic content

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Siberian silkmoth outbreaks surpassed geoclimatic barrier in Siberian mountains

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Journal of mountain Science 2020年第8期17卷 1891-1900页

作者： KHARUK Viacheslav I. im Sergei T. SOLDATOV Vladimir V. Sukachev Institute of Forest Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of ScienceSiberian BranchAcademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk660036 Russia Siberian Federal University Svobodny str.79Krasnoyarsk660041 Russia Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology Krasnoyarsky rabochy str.31Krasnoyarsk660014 Russia Russian Center of Forest Protection Academgorodok 50A/2Krasnoyarsk660036 Russia

Siberian silkmoth(SSm,Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetv.)is the most important defoliator of Siberian pine(Pinus sibirica Du Tour)and fir(Abies sibirica Ledeb.)***-induced SSm outbreaks are one of the major driving factors of successions within the taiga *** is suggested that climate change impacted the SSm range and life *** analyzed the migration of alpine and northerly SSm outbreak boundaries in Siberia and the impact of the climate variables and topography on the outbreak *** used time-series scenes(multispectral data,and vegetation indexes EVI and NDII)in combination with field studies,climate variables,and GIS *** found that SSm outbreaks in the area of alpine boundary shifted about 370 m uphill since the mid of *** outbreak onset was promoted by increased dryness and active temperatures and decreased root zone moisture content in the spring-early summer *** terrain topography strongly affected SSm outbreak onset and ***,the outbreak was located at the middle elevations on the gentle concave southeastern slopes,which are the favorable insect habitats between *** the outbreak expanded uphill and downhill,to steeper slopes,and both concave and convex *** with elevation range expansion,SSm surpassed its northern historical outbreak boundary:the potential outbreaks’boundary moved about 300 km *** warming contributes to SSm migration into former outbreak free conifer stands located in highlands and at northern latitudes.

关键词： Insect outbreaks Remote sensing monitoring Insect ranges expansion Siberian silkmoth Forest health Conifer mortality

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Alpine ecotone in the Siberian mountains:vegetation response to warming

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Journal of mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3099-3108页

作者： KHARUK Viacheslav I. im Sergei T. PETROV Il’ya A. Sukachev Institute of Forest Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of ScienceSiberian BranchAcademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Siberian Federal University Svobodny str.79Krasnoyarsk 660041Russia Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology Krasnoyarsky rabochy str.31Krasnoyarsk 660014Russia

Birch(Betula tortuosa)is one of the treeline forming species within the Siberian *** analysed the area dynamics of birch stands and the upslope climb of birch treeline based on the Landsat time series scenes and on-ground *** found that since the warming onset(1970th)birch area increased by 10%,birch stands and treeline boundary were moving upslope with a rate of 1.4 m/yr and 4.0 m/*** upslope shift correlated with air temperatures at the beginning(may-June)and the end(August-October)of the growth ***,no correlation was found between birch upslope migration and *** negatively influenced both birch area growth and birch upslope climb during spring,fall,and *** the windy habitats,birch,together with larch and Siberian pine,formed clusters(hedges)which mitigated the influence of adverse *** clusters are the adaptive pattern for trees’upslope climb within windward *** other adaptation to the harsh alpine ecotone habitat is non-leaf(bark)photosynthesis which supports tree ***,Betula tortuosa upslope climb depends on the wind impact and warming in spring and fall that extended growth *** ongoing warming and observed wind speed decrease on the background of sufficient precipitation,it is expected to further birch advance into alpine tundra in the Siberian mountains.

关键词： Alpine biomes Treeline shift rate Treeline ecotone Siberian mountain forests Betula tortuosa Forest densification Tree clustering

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A facile one-step approach to hierarchically assembled core-shell-like mnO2@mnO2 nanoarchitectures on carbon fibers： An efficient and flexible electrode material to enhance energy storage

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1507-1522页

作者： Goli Nagaraju Yeong Hwan Ko Sung min Cha Sang Hyuk im Jae Su Yu Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering Institute for Wearable Convergence Electronics Kyung Hee University 1732 Deogyeong-daero Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446-701 Republic of Korea Functional Crystallization Center (ERC) Department of Chemical Engineering Kyung Hee University 1732 Deogyeong-daeroGiheuncl-qu Yonqin-si Gyeonqqi-do 446-701 Republic of Korea

Hierarchical core-shell-like mnO2 nanostructures （NSs） were used to anchor mnO2 hexagonal nanoplate arrays （HNPAs） on carbon cloth （CC） fibers. The NSs were prepared by a novel one-step electrochemical deposition method. Under an external cathodic voltage of -2.0 V for 30 min, hierarchical core-shell-like mnO2-NS-decorated mnO2 HNPAs （mnO2 NSs@mnO2 HNPAs） were uniformly grown on CC with reliable adhesion. The phase purity and morphological properties of the samples were characterized by various physicochemical techniques. At a constant external cathodic voltage, growth of mnO2 NSs@mnO2 HNPAs on CC was carried for different time periods. When utilized as a flexible, robust, and binder-free electrode for pseudocapacitors, the hierarchical core-shell-like mnO2 NSs@mnO2 HNPAs on CC showed clearly enhanced electrochemical properties in 1 m Na2SO4 electrolyte solution. The results indicate that the mnO2 NSs@mnO2 HNPAs on CC have a maximum specific capacitance of 244.54 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g with excellent cycling stability compared to that of bare mnO2 HNPAs on CC （112.1 F/g at 0.5 A/g current density）. We believe that the superior charge storage performance of the pseudocapacitive electrode can be mainly attributed to the hierarchical mnO2 NSs@mnO2 HNPAs building blocks that have a large specific surface area, offering additional electroactive sites for efficient electrochemical reactions. The facile and single-step approach to growth of hierarchical pseudocapacitive materials on textile based electrodes opens up the possibility for the fabrication of high-performance flexible energy storage devices.

关键词： manganese oxide hierarchical structures carbon cloth electrochemical deposition energy storage properties

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Warming hiatus-and evergreen conifers in Altay-Sayan Region,Siberia

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Journal of mountain Science 2018年第12期15卷 2579-2589页

作者： Viacheslav I.KHARUK Sergei T.im Il'ya A.PETROV Sukachev Institute of Forest Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of ScienceSiberian BranchAcademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk660036Russia Siberian Federal University Suobodny str.79Krasnoyarsk 660041Russia Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology Krasnoyarsky rabochy str.31Krasnoyarsk 660014Russia

"Warming hiatus" occurred in the AltaySayan mountain Region, Siberia in c. 1997–2014. We analyzed evergreen conifer(EGC) stands area(satellite data) and trees(Siberian pine, Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Siberian fir, Abies sibirica Ledeb.) growth increment(dendrochronology data) response to climate variables before and during the hiatus. During the hiatus, EGC area increased in the highlands(>1000 m)(+30%), whereas at low and middle elevations(m. a.s.l.) the EGC area decreased(-7%). The EGC area increase was observed on the rain-ward northwest slopes mainly. In highlands, EGC area increase mainly correlated with summer air temperature, whereas at low and middle elevations EGC area decrease correlated with drought index SPEI and vapor pressure deficit(VPD). EGC mortality(fir and Siberian pine) in lowland was caused by the synergy of water stress(inciting factor) and barkbeetle attacks(contributing factor). Tree growth increment(GI) dynamics differs with respect to elevation. At high elevation(1700 m) GI permanently increased since warming onset, whereas at the middle(900 m) and low elevations(450 m) GI increased until c. 1983 yr. with followed depression. That GI "breakpoint" occurred about a decade before hiatus onset. In spite of growth depression, during hiatus GI was higher than that in pre-warming period. At high elevation, GI positively responded to elevated June temperatures and negatively to moisture increase(precipitation, root zone moisture content, VPD, and SPEI). At low elevation GI negatively responded to June temperatures and positively to moisture increase. For both, low and high elevation, these patterns persisted throughout the study period(1967–2014). On the contrary, at middle elevations GI dependence on climate variables switch after breakpoint year(1983). Before breakpoint, June air temperature(positive correlation) and moisture(negative correlations) controlled GI. Further temperature increase leads GI depression and switched correlation signs

关键词： Growth increment Warming hiatus Warming impact Conifer decline Tree growth Tree mortality Conifer mortality Water stress

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White organic light-emitting diodes based on electroplex from polyvinyl carbazole and carbazole oligomers blends

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第3期19卷 546-550页

作者：陈飞鹏徐斌赵祖金田文晶吕萍 im Chan State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and materials Jilin University Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry Konkuk UniversityKorea

White organic light-emitting diodes with a blue emitting material fluorene-centred ethylene-liked carbazole oligomer （Cz6F） doped into polyvinyl carbazole （PVK） as the single light-emitting layer are reported. The optical properties of Cz6F, PVK, and PVK：Cz6F blends are studied. Single and double layer devices are fabri- cated by using PVK： Cz6F blends, and the device with the configuration of indium tin oxide （ITO）/PVK：Cz6F/ tris（8-hydroxyquinolinate）aluminium （Alq3）/LiF/A1 exhibits white light emission with Commission Internationale de l＇Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of （0.30, 0.33） and a brightness of 402 cd/m^2. The investigation reveals that the white light is composed of a blue-green emission originating from the excimer of Cz6F molecules and a red emission from an electroplex from the PVK：Cz6F blend films.

关键词： white organic light-emitting diodes electroluminescence electroplex

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