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Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(Am)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and Am methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based Am *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

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An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia m.W.cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana N.mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),m(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,m3,m4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

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A Surface Femtosecond Two-Photon Photoemission Spectrometer for Excited Electron Dynamics and Time-Dependent Photochemical Kinetics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2010年第3期23卷 255-261,I0001页

作者：任洋峰周传耀马志博肖春雷毛新春戴东旭 Jerry LaRueb Russell cooper Alec m. Wodtke 杨学明中国科学院大连化学物理研究所分子反应动力学国家重点实验室大连116023 加州大学圣芭芭拉分校化学与生物化学系 CA93106

A surface femtosecond two-photon photoemission （2PPE） spectrometer devoted to the study of ultrafast excited electron dynamics and photochemical kinetics on metal and metal oxide surfaces has been constructed. Low energy photoelectrons are measured using a hemispherical electron energy analyzer with an imaging detector that allows us to detect the energy and the angular distributions of the photoelectrons simultaneously. A mach-Zehnder interferom- eter was built for the time-resolved 2PPE （TR-2PPE） measurement to study ultrafast surface excited electron dynamics, which was demonstrated on the Cu（111） surface. A scheme for measuring time-dependent 2PPE （TD-2PPE） spectra has also been developed for studies of surface photochemistry. This technique has been applied to a preliminary study on the photochemical kinetics on ethanol/TiO2（110）. We have also shown that the ultrafast dynamics of photoinduced surface excited resonances can be investigated in a reliable way by combining the TR-2PPE and TD-2PPE techniques.

关键词： Femtosecond two-photon photoemission spectropy Time-resolved Ultrafast excited electron dynamics Surface photochemical kinetics

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情报教育与培训述评（1976—1988）

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国外情报科学 1992年第2期10卷 21-26页

作者： cooper,m 薛列栓

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万古霉素和Teicoplanin的体外抗生素后效作用的比较

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国外医药（抗生素分册） 1991年第5期12卷 373-374页

作者： cooper m A 黄为

万古霉素被确定用来作为治疗革兰氏阳性菌感染的抗生素,尤其是当菌类对多种抗生素产生耐药性造成治疗上的困难时。Tei-coplanin是由5个结构很相似的糖肽抗生素组成,其基本结构与万古霉素类似,并有类似的抗菌谱和作用方式,但药代动力学... 详细信息

万古霉素被确定用来作为治疗革兰氏阳性菌感染的抗生素,尤其是当菌类对多种抗生素产生耐药性造成治疗上的困难时。Tei-coplanin是由5个结构很相似的糖肽抗生素组成,其基本结构与万古霉素类似,并有类似的抗菌谱和作用方式,但药代动力学不同。Teicoplanin有很长的半衰期和较好的组织渗透力以及可能毒性较低,而且与万古霉素形成对照。

关键词：万古霉素 Teicoplanin 抗生素

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Effect of post treatment temperature and humidity conditions onfixation performance of CCA-C treated red pine and southern pine

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Journal of Forestry Research 1999年第3期10卷 141-146页

作者：郭爱龙 P.A.cooper Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto Earth Science Center Toronto Canada

Rates of fixation in chromated copper arsenate (CCA-C) treated red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and southern pine (Pinus spp) sapwood specimens using retention of 1.5, 2.0, 6.4 kg·m?3 are compared at temperature (T) ranging from 70°C to 50°C and 5 different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The samples were investigated using the expressate method to follow chromium fixation. Red pine fixes faster than southern pine under all 11 post treatment schedules. The fixation rates for both species are not significantly different while the blocks were fixed under 6 fixation/drying schedules that differed only in the order of T/RH conditions applied. The rate of fixation of all samples in any fixation stage were reduced when the blocks were fixed under lower humidity conditions in spite of no change in chamber temperature. Some of this influence can be attributed to the effect of humidity on heat transfer into the wood and cooling of the wood surface.

关键词： CCA-c Fixation Post treatment Temperature Relative humidity Red pine Southern pine

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反转构造讨论纪要

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地质地球化学 1995年第6期23卷 84-86页

作者： m.A.cooper 王卫贤贵州石油指挥部

介绍了对石油地质具有重要意义的反转构造的不同认识，同时列举了识别反转构造的准则，对正确认识反转构造有所帮助。

关键词：反转构造石油地质油气藏

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Heart and ventilatory measures in crayfish during copulation

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Open Journal of molecular and Integrative Physiology 2011年第3期1卷 36-42页

作者： Richard m. cooper Heidi Schapker Finucane megan Adami Robin L. cooper 不详

monitoring heart rate (HR) and ventilatory rate (VR) during defined sensory stimuli and during aggressive and submissive social interactions has provided additional information of a crayfish's physiological state which is not achieved by behavioral observations. In this study, the HR and VR of crayfish were monitored before, during and after the act of copulation in both heterosexual partners. The female crayfish abruptly reduces HR and VR during copulation but the male maintains HR and VR. After separation from copulation the female HR and VR are elevated, potentially paying back the O2 debt. The tight relationship with HR and VR in direction of change indicates a potential neural coupling. These physiological changes in cardiac and respiratory systems suggest an autonomic-like regulation of HR and VR. How these neuronal functions are driven and regulated remains to be determined. Olfactory cues from the female to the male during copulation may be reduced by the reduction in VR in the female. These studies offer experimental paradigms for future neuronal and pharmacological investigations into autonomic regulation of HR and VR as well as the neural circuitry involved.

关键词： Crayfish Copulation Heart Rate Autonomic

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The acute and chronic effect of low temperature on survival, heart rate and neural function in crayfish (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>) and prawn (<i>macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>) species

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Open Journal of molecular and Integrative Physiology 2012年第3期2卷 75-86页

作者： Yoo Sun Chung Richard m. cooper Justin Graff Robin L. cooper Department of Biology University of Kentucky Lexington USA

The effect of acute and chronic cold exposure on heart rate (HR) and neuronal function in crayfish Procambarus clarkii and prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii was addressed. This is particularly important since prawn farms of this species are used for aquaculture in varied climates world wide. The success of P. clarkii as an invasive species throughout the world may in part be due to their ability to acclimate to cold and warm habitats. A set of experiments was devised to address the physiological abilities of these species in managing rapid changes to cold environments as well as their ability to respond to sensory stimuli by using behavior and a bioindex of HR. Prawns died within 2 hrs when moved from 21℃ to 5℃. Crayfish reduced their HR but survived for at least a week with this rapid change. Changes in temperature of 5℃ each week resulted in death of the prawns when 10℃ was reached. Some died at 16℃ and some lasted at 10℃ for 1 day before dying. Crayfish remained responsive to sensory stimuli and survived with either rapid or slow changes in temperature from 21℃ to 5℃. Primary sensory neurons were rapidly inhibited in prawns with an acute change to 5℃, where as in crayfish the activity was reduced but not completely inhibited. An induced sensory-CNS-motor circuit elicited activity at neuromuscular junctions in prawns and crayfish at 21℃ but with acute changes to 5℃only in crayfish was the circuit functionally intact. The ability to survive rapid environmental temperature changes will impact survival and in time the distribution of a species. The significance of these findings is that they may account, in part, for the wide ecological distribution of P. clarkii as compared to m. rosenbergii. The invasiveness of organisms, as for P. clarkii, is likely linked to the physiological robustness to acute and chronic temperature changes of habitats.

关键词： Acclimate Adaptation Crustacean Heart Rate

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Survival in men older than 75 years with low- and intermediate-grade prostate cancer managed with watchful waiting with active surveillance

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Family medicine and Community Health 2015年第3期3卷 25-36页

作者： Tzuyung D.Kou Siran m.Koroukian Pingfu Fu Derek Raghavan Gregory S.cooper Li Li Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOHUSA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOHUSA Levine Cancer Institute Carolinas Healthcare SystemCharlotteNCUSA Department of Family medicine-Research Division Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOHUSA

Objective:Recent studies have reported the underuse of active surveillance or watchful wait-ing for low-risk prostate cancer in the United *** study examined prostate cancer-specific and all-cause death in elderly patients older than 75 years with low-risk tumors managed with active treatment versus watchful waiting with active surveillance(WWAS).methods:We performed survival analysis in a cohort of 18,599 men with low-risk tumors(early and localized tumors)who were 75 years or older at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis in the linked Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)-medicare database(from 1992 to 1998)and who were followed up through December *** was defined as having an-nual screening for prostate-specific antigen and/or digital rectal examination during the follow-up *** risks of prostate cancer-specific and all-cause death were compared by Cox regression *** propensity score matching technique was used to address potential selection ***:In patients with well-differentiated(Gleason score 2-4)and localized disease,those managed with WWAS without delayed treatment had higher risk of all-cause death(hazard ratio 1.20,95%confidence interval 1.13-1.28)but a substantially lower risk of prostate cancer-specific death(hazard ratio 0.62,confidence interval 0.51-0.75)than patients undergoing active *** managed with WWAS with delayed treatment had comparable mortality ***-tivity analyses based on propensity score matching yielded similar ***:In men older than 75 years with well-differentiated and localized prostate cancer,WWAS without delayed treatment had a lower risk of prostate cancer-specific death and compa-rable all-cause death as compared with active *** patients in whom treatment was delayed had comparable mortality *** results support WWAS as an initial management option for older men with well-differentiated and localized prostate cancer.

关键词： Epidemiology watchful waiting prostate cancer

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