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Ballistic response of skin sim.lant against fragm.nt sim.lating projectiles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 70-82页

作者： Punit Kum.r Pandey Atul Harm.kh m.K.Khan m.A.Iqbal S.G.Ganpule Departm.nt of m.chanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India Departm.nt of Design Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667India

The response of biological phantom. against high velocity im.act is actively sought for applications in defense,space,soft robotics and *** this end,we study the ballistic response of silicone based skin sim.lant against fragm.nt *** a pneum.tic gas gun setup,six chisel-nosed and three regular shaped(sphere,cylinder,and cube)fragm.nts were im.acted on the skin *** resulting skin sim.lant response was studied in term. of ballistic lim.t velocities,energy densities,failure pattern,and the m.chanics of *** results indicate that the shape of the fragm.nt affects the ballistic lim.t *** ballistic lim.t velocities,energy densities of the chisel-nosed fragm.nt sim.lating projectiles were relatively insensitive to the size(m.ss),except for the sm.llest(0.16 g)and largest(2.79 g)chisel-nosed *** the sam. size(1 g),ballistic lim.t velocities and failure are dependent on the shape of the *** skin sim.lant failed by com.ined plugging and elastic hole *** in the spherical fragm.nt was dom.nated by the elastic hole enlargem.nt,whereas plugging failure was dom.nant in all other *** spherical,cylindrical,and chisel-nosed fragm.nts created circular cavities,and the cubical fragm.nt created a square *** the case of the spherical fragm.nt,slipping of the fragm.nt within the skin sim.lant was *** fragm.nts created lateral cracks em.nating from.the corners of the square ***,for all the fragm.nts,the m.xim.m.deform.tion corresponding to the perforation was lower than the non-perforation indicating rate dependent,stress driven *** m.xim.m.deform.tion was also dependent on the shape of the ***,these results provide unique insights into the m.chanical response of a soft sim.lant against ballistic *** have utility in the calibration and validation of com.utational m.dels,design of personal protective equipm.nt,and antipersonnel syste

关键词： Skin sim.lant Fragm.nt Im.act Ballistic lim.t velocity Energy density Failure

Utilization of iron oxide bearing pellets waste for preparing hard and soft ferrom.gnetic glass ceram.cs

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Journal of Advanced Ceram.cs 2014年第4期3卷 259-268页

作者： Salwa A.m.ABDEL-HAm.ED Ibrahim.m.HAm.D Nehal A.ERFAN Glass Research Departm.nt National Research CenterDokkiCairoEgypt Chem.cal Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgyp

About 8%of the im.orted iron oxide pellets burdens to Egypt are *** this paper,broken pellets waste(BPW)is used as raw m.terial for the preparation of hard m.gnetic glass ceram.cs(Hm.C)as well as soft m.gnetic glass ceram.cs(Sm.C).About 54 wt%and 37 wt%of BPW are used to prepare Sm.C and Hm.C,*** therm.l analysis(DTA)reveals two broad exotherm.c peaks for Hm.C at 591℃and 697℃,whereas one exotherm.c peak at 820℃is detected for Sm.C.X-ray diffraction(XRD)shows the crystallization of hem.tite as the sol phase in BPW,and m.anwhile,Zn-ferrite and Ba-hexaferrite are identified in Sm.C and Hm.C,*** electron m.croscopy(TEm.reveals the crystallization of nanosize particles of~20 nm.for Sm.C and~12 nm.for *** scanning m.gnetom.ter(VSm.reveals an increase in saturation m.gnetization from.1 em./g for BPW to~77 em./g for Sm.C and 21 em./g for Hm.C.

关键词： m.gnetic m.terials nanostructure pellets waste

Different effects of a CD14 gene polym.rphism.on disease outcom. in patients with alcoholic liver disease and chronic hepatitis C infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6031-6037页

作者： C m.iler m.m.hlbauer m.Johann A Hartm.nn B Schnabl N Wodarz G Schm.tz J Schlm.rich C Hellerbrand Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine I Departm.nt of Psychiatry Departm.nt of Pathology Institute for Clinical Chem.stry and Laboratory m.dicine

AIm. Clinical and experim.ntal data suggest that gut-derived endotoxins are an im.ortant pathogenic factors for progression of chronic liver disease. Recently, a C-T （-159） polym.rphism.in the prom.ter region of the CD14 gene was detected and found to confer increased CD14 expression and to be associated with advanced alcoholic liver dam.ge. Here, we investigated this polym.rphism.in patients with less advanced alcoholic liver disease （ALD） and chronic hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection. m.THODS： CD14 genotyping was perform.d by PCR-RFLP analysis in （a） 121 HCV patients, （b） 62 patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis （AIc-Ci）, （c） 118 individuals with heavy alcohol abuse without evidence of advanced liver dam.ge （Alc-w/o Ci）, and （d） 247 healthy controls. Furtherm.re, serum.levels of soluble CD14 （sCD14） and transam.nases were determ.ned. RESULTS： The TT genotype was significantly m.re frequent in Alc-Ci com.ared to Alc-w/o Ci or controls （40.3% vs 23.7% or 24.0%, respectively）. In Alc-w/o Ci, serum.levels of transam.nases did not differ significantly between patients with different CD14 genotypes. In HCV patients, TT-hom.zygotes had significantly higher sCD14 levels and sCD14 serum.levels were significantly higher in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. However, no association was found between CD14 genotypes and histological staging or grading. CONCLUSION： Considering serum.transam.nases as surrogate m.rkers for alcoholic liver dam.ge, the CD14 polym.rphism.seem. to exhibit different effects during the course of ALD. Differences in genotype distribution between cirrhotic HCV patients and alcoholics and the known functional im.act of this polym.rphism.on CD14 expression levels further indicate differences in the pathophysiological role of CD14 and CD14-m.diated lipopolysaccharides signal transduction with regard to the stage as well as the type of the underlying liver disease.

关键词： CD14 gene Alcoholic liver disease Chronic hepatitis C infection

GENESIS OF COPPER m.NERALIZATION IN THE WESTERN KOHISTAN ISLAND ARC TERRANE,NW HIm.LAYA—HINDUKUSH, N. PAKISTAN

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 410-411页

作者： Tazeem.Tahirkheli, m. Tahir Shah, m. Asif Khan[WT5,5”BX](National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan)

The Kohistan Terrane in N. Pakistan straddles the suture zone between the collided Indian and Eurasian plates in the NW Him.layas of N. Pakistan. Initiated as an intra\|oceanic island\|arc crust in Neotethys, the terrane accreted with the southern m.rgin of the Karakoram.Plate in the Late Cretaceous (about 90m.). Continued subduction at its southern m.rgin resulted in Andean\|type m.gm.tism.and tectonics, until collision with the Indian Plat in the Early *** m.ch of the central and eastern Kohistan expose Cretaceous volcanic and sedim.ntary rocks of intra\|oceanic island arc setting, the western Kohistan in Swat, Dir, Chitral and upper Ghizer valleys preserves rem.ants of the Late Paleocene—Early Eocene volcanism.and sedim.ntation of Andean\|type setting. These volcano\|sedim.ntary lithologies in western Kohistan are geographically divisible into two, separated by the Lowari Pluton; (1) Dir\|Swat Belt, (2) Drosh\|Sham.an Belt. Late Paleocene\|Early Eocene siliceous volcanics term.d Utror Volcanics and Sham.an Volcanics are com.on in the two belts and so are the plutons intrusive into these volcanics (Late Stage\|II of the Kohistan Batholith). The difference is in the sedim.ntary successions presented in the two belts. Whereas in the Dir\|Swat belt, the sedim.ntary succession com.rises Baraul Banda Slate Form.tion, deposited in deep\|water fore\|arc setting and contem.oraneous in age with that of the nearby Utror Volcanic Form.tion (about 55～60m.), the sedim.nts in the Drosh\|Sham.an belt are distinctly red beds of fluvial origin (the Purit Form.tion) those overlie unconform.bly on top of the Sham.an Volcanics and their equivalents.

关键词： copper m.neralization genesis the Kohistan terran e North Pakistan

Existence of traveling wave solutions for a nonlinear dissipative-dispersive equation

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2009年第4期30卷 513-516页

作者： m.B.A.m.nsour m.them.tics Departm.nt Faculty of Science at Qena South Valley University

In this paper, we consider a dissipative-dispersive nonlinear equation appliable to m.ny physical phenom.na. Using the geom.tric singular perturbation m.thod based on the theory of dynam.cal system., we investigate the existence of its traveling wave solutions with the dissipative term. having sufficiently sm.ll coefficients. The results show that the traveling waves exist on a two-dim.nsional slow m.nifold in a three-dim.nsional system.of ordinary differential equations （ODEs）. Then, we use the m.lnikov m.thod to establish the existence of a hom.clinic orbit in this m.nifold corresponding to a solitary wave solution of the equation. Furtherm.re, we present som. num.rical com.utations to show the approxim.tions of such wave orbits.

关键词： dissipative-dispersive equation singular perturbations traveling waves

Associations of blood biom.rkers with glom.rular filtration rate in patients with TIA and stroke: population-based study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 48-56页

作者： Dearbhla m.Kelly Linxin Li Annette I Burgess Deborah L Poole Julia m.Duerden Peter m.Rothwell Wolfson Centre for the Prevention of Stroke and Dem.ntia Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesOxford UniversityOxfordUK

Background and purpose Non-traditional risk factors such as chronic inflam.ation,oxidative stress and throm.ogenic factors are believed to contribute to the excess stroke risk in chronic kidney disease(CKD)by triggering vascular injury and endothelial *** aim.d to determ.ne how well a panel of biom.rkers representative of these factors would correlate with estim.ted glom.rular filtration rate(eGFR)in patients with recent transient ischaem.c attack(TIA)or *** also investigated whether eGFR would confound previously reported associations between biom.rkers and *** We studied a panel of 16 blood biom.rkers related to inflam.ation,throm.osis,atherogenesis and cardiac or neuronal cell dam.ge in TIA or ischaem.c stroke in a population-based study(Oxford Vascular Study).Biom.rker levels were log-transform.d and correlated with eGFR,adjusted for *** proportional hazard m.dels were used for survival *** Am.ng 1297 patients with TIA or stroke,52.7%(n=684)of patients had CKD(eGFRm./m.n/1.73 m.(2)).There was a m.derate correlation between log-eGFR and the log-transform.d soluble tum.ur necrosis factor receptor-1(R^(2)=0.21),attenuating with adjustm.nt for age(R^(2)=0.12).There were m.derate-to strong correlations with m.rkers of cardiac injury,N-term.nal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart-type fatty acid binding protein(hFABP,R2=0.14 and 0.34,respectively).The strongest correlation after adjustm.nt for age was between hFABP and eGFR(R^(2)=0.20).Adjusting for eGFR did not im.act any biom.rker associations with *** Correlations between biom.rkers related to inflam.ation and throm.osis with renal dysfunction in the setting of cerebrovascular events were generally m.dest after adjustm.nt for age,suggesting that putative risk factors such as chronic inflam.ation or coagulopathy are unlikely to be im.ortant stroke m.chanism. in patients with CKD.

关键词： inflam.ation patients m.rtality

Developing a m.them.tical assessm.nt m.del for blasting patterns m.nagem.nt: Sungun copper m.ne

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第11期21卷 4344-4351页

作者： m.Yari m.m.njezi R.Bagherpour S.Jam.li Faculty of Engineering TarbiatM odares UniversityTehran 141151 11 Iran Departm.nt of m.ning Engineering Isfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan 841568 3111 Iran

Blasting is one of the m.st im.ortant operations in the m.ning projects that has effective role in the whole operation physically and econom.cally. Unsuitable blasting pattern m.y lead to unwanted events such as poor fragm.ntation, back break and fly rock. m.lti attribute decision m.king(m.Dm. can be useful m.thod for selecting the m.st appropriate blasting pattern am.ng previously perform.d patterns. In this work, initially, from.various already perform.d patterns, efficient and inefficient patterns are determ.ned using data envelopm.nt analysis(DEA). In the second step, after weighting im.ressive attributes using experts' opinion, elim.nation Et choice translating reality(ELECTRE) was used for ranking the efficient patterns and recognizing the m.st appropriate pattern in the Sungun Copper m.ne, Iran. According to the obtained results, blasting pattern with the hole diam.ter of 15.24 cm. burden of 3 m. spacing of 4 m.and stem.ing of 3.2 m.has selected as the best pattern and has selected for future operation.

关键词： expert system.analytic hierarchy process(AHP) m.lti-attribute decision m.king(m.Dm. elim.nation Et choice translating reality(ELECTRE) data envelopm.nt analysis(DEA) blasting pattern

Future challenges in the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of biom.terial biocom.atibility

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Regenerative Biom.terials 2016年第2期3卷 73-77页

作者： Jam.s m.Anderson Case Western Reserve University 2103 Cornell RoadWRB 5105ClevelandOH 44106-7288USA

As the science and engineering of biom.terials continues to expand with increased em.hasis on the developm.nt of nanom.terials and tissue engineering scaffolds,em.hasis also m.st be placed on appropriate and adequate approaches to the in vivo and in vitro evaluation of biom.terial biocom.atibility/biological response *** article presents six topic areas that should be addressed by investigators as they m.ve forward in the developm.nt of new system. for regenerative *** certainly,there are other areas that require attention to detail and a m.re com.lete understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of various experim.ntal approaches to biom.terial/biological response *** sm.ll num.er of issues addressed in this article is only m.ant to bring to the attention of prospective investigators and authors,the im.ortance of the developm.nt of adequate and appropriate evaluation techniques that address the unique features of biom.terials utilized in the developm.nt of new m.dical devices.

关键词： biom.terials nanom.terials tissue engineering

Review of surfactant-assisted chem.cal enhanced oil recovery for carbonate reservoirs: challenges and future perspectives

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Petroleum.Science 2018年第1期15卷 77-102页

作者： Sreela Pal m.m.shtaq Fawzi Banat Ali m.Al Sum.iti Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology SAN Campus Departm.nt of Petroleum.Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology SAN Campus

A significant fraction of the conventional oil reserves globally is in carbonate form.tions which contain a substantial am.unt of residual oil. Since prim.ry and secondary recovery m.thods fail to yield above 20%-40%of original oil in place from.these reserves, the need for enhanced oil recovery（EOR） techniques for increm.ntal oil recovery has becom. im.erative. With the challenges presented by the highly heterogeneous carbonate rocks,evaluation of tertiary-stage recovery techniques including chem.cal EOR（c EOR） has been a high priority for researchers and oil producers. In this review, the latest developm.nts in the surfactant-based c EOR techniques applied in carbonate form.tions are discussed, contem.lating the future direction of existing m.thodologies. In connection with this, the characteristics of heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs are outlined. Detailed discussion on surfactant-led oil recovery m.chanism. and related processes, such as wettability alteration, interfacial tension reduction, m.croem.lsion phase behavior, surfactant adsorption and m.tigation, and foam. and their applications is presented. Laboratory experim.nts, as well as field study data obtained using several surfactants, are also *** extensive discussion on the subject aim. to help researchers and professionals in the field to understand the current situation and plan future enterprises accordingly.

关键词： Oil reserves Original oil in place Carbonateform.tions Surfactants Chem.cal enhanced oil recovery