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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2010年第2期27卷 195-210页

作者： Xingbao WANG m. k. yau B. NAGARAJAN Luc FILLION Deptartm.nt of Atm.spheric and Oceanic Sciences McGiU University Montreal Canada Recherche en Prevision Num.rique Environment Canada Dorval Montreal Canada

Rainfall prediction rem.ins one of the m.st challenging problem. in weather forecasting. In order to im.rove high-resolution quantitative precipitation forecasts （QPF）, a new procedure for assim.lating rainfall rate derived from.radar com.osite reflectivity has been proposed and tested in a num.rical sim.lation of the Chicago floods of 17–18 July 1996. The m.thodology is based on the one-dim.nsional variation schem. （1DVAR） assim.lation approach introduced by Fillion and Errico but applied here using the k.in-Fritsch convective param.terization schem. （k. CPS）. The novel feature of this work.is the continuous assim.lation of radar estim.ted rain rate over a three hour period, rather than a single assim.lation at the initial （analysis） tim.. m.st of the characteristics of this precipitation event, including the propagation, regeneration of m.soscale convective system., the frontal boundary across the m.dwest and the evolution of the low-level jet are better captured in the sim.lation as the radar-estim.ted precipitation rate is assim.lated. The results indicate that precipitation assim.lation during the early stage can im.rove the sim.lated m.soscale feature of the convection system.and shorten the spin-up tim. significantly. Com.arison of precipitation forecasts between the experim.nts with and without the 1DVAR indicates that the 1DVAR schem. has a positive im.act on the QPF up to 36 hours in term. of the bias and bias equalized threat scores.

关键词： quantitative precipitation forecasts 1DVAR data assim.lation

Prioritizing Indicators for Rapid Response in Global Health Security: A Bayesian Network.Approach

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISk.SCIENCE 2024年第4期15卷 536-551页

作者： Qazi, Abroon Sim.ek.er, m.cit Can Em.e Al-m.dawi, m. k. S. Am.r Univ Sharjah Sch Business Adm Sharjah 26666 U Arab Emirates k.alifa Univ Sci & Technol Dept Management Sci & Engn Abu Dhabi 127788 U Arab Emirates Teesside Univ Sch Comp Engn & Digital Technol Middlesbrough TS1 3BX England

This study explored a Bayesian belief network. (BBNs) approach, developing two distinct m.dels for prioritizing the seven indicators related to the "rapid response to and m.tigation of the spread of an epidem.c" category within the context of both the specific category and the Global Health Security Index (GHS index). Utilizing data from.the 2021 GHS index, the m.thodology involves rigorous preprocessing, the application of the augm.nted naive Bayes algorithm.for structural learning, and k.fold cross-validation. k.y findings show unique perspectives in both BBN m.dels. In the m.tual value of inform.tion analysis, "link.ng public health and security authorities" em.rged as the k.y predictor for the "rapid response to and m.tigation of the spread of an epidem.c" category, while "em.rgency preparedness and response planning" assum.d precedence for the GHS index. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the critical role of "em.rgency preparedness and response planning" and "link.ng public health and security authorities" in extrem. perform.nce states, with "access to com.unications infrastructure" and "trade and travel restrictions" exhibiting varied significance. The BBN m.dels exhibit high predictive accuracy, achieving 83.3% and 82.3% accuracy for extrem. states in "rapid response to and m.tigation of the spread of an epidem.c" and the GHS index, respectively. This study contributes to the literature on GHS by m.deling the dependencies am.ng various indicators of the rapid response dim.nsion of the GHS index and highlighting their relative im.ortance based on the m.tual value of inform.tion and sensitivity analyses.

关键词： Bayesian belief network. Global health security Indicators m.tigation Policy im.lications Rapid response RISk DISEASE

A com.arison of laparoscopic to open pancreaticoduodenectom. for pancreatic adenocarcinom. by propensity score m.tching analysis

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic, and Robotic Surgery 2024年第4期7卷 141-146页

作者： m.unt J. m.unt B. Poruk.k. Tice m. Stauffer J.A. Departm.nt of Surgery Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL United States m.dical Education Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Ohio University Athens OH United States m.dical Education The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences Toledo OH United States

Objective: In previous studies, laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectom. (LPD) has dem.nstrated safety and potential benefits over open pancreaticoduodenectom. (OPD) for pancreatic adenocarcinom. (PDAC). After perform.ng both LPD and OPD procedures interchangeably in routine practice for a decade, the outcom.s of LPD versus OPD for PDAC were analyzed and com.ared at a single institution. Our prim.ry aim.was to com.are features of LPD and OPD in PDAC patients so that the suitable surgical approach m.y be chosen for each individual. m.thods: From.January 2010 through Decem.er 2020, all patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectom. (PD) were identified, and inform.tion was collected prospectively. At a single institution, PD was perform.d on 589 patients, of whom.347 were OPD patients and 242 were LPD patients. After excluding those who underwent pancreatectom. for indications other than PDAC, total pancreatectom., m.jor vascular or concom.tant organ resection, there were 237 patients (OPD = 157, LPD = 80). Then propensity score m.tching was com.leted to analyze 77 OPD patients versus 77 LPD patients to create a sim.lar group of patients who underwent either LPD or OPD for PDAC. A com.arison of perioperative data and 90-day outcom.s with subsequent statistical analysis was perform.d. Results: Operative tim. (491 m.n vs. 281 m.n, p m.tying (15.6% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.027) were higher for LPD than OPD respectively but overall m.rbidity was sim.lar. Blood loss, m.rtality and post-pancreatectom. hem.rrhage were also sim.lar for both groups, but total costs ($60,245 vs. $50,900, p = 0.002) were significantly higher for LPD than OPD. Recurrence and overall survival were sim.lar for the two groups. Conclusion: In our experience, LPD does not offer any advantages over OPD for PDAC and is associated with a higher rate of com.lications and costs. © 2024 Zhejiang University

关键词： Laparoscopy Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom. Pancreatic fistula Pancreaticoduodenectom. Whipple

Ad Block.rs & Online Privacy: A Com.arative Analysis of Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET)

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 378-395页

作者： Siddharth m. m.dik.ri Vijay k. m.disetti School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

Online track.ng m.chanism. em.loyed by internet com.anies for user profiling and targeted advertising raise m.jor privacy concerns. Despite efforts to defend against these m.chanism., they continue to evolve, rendering m.ny existing defences ineffective. This study perform. a large-scale m.asurem.nt of online track.ng m.chanism. across a large pool of websites using the OpenWPm.(Open Web Privacy m.asurem.nt) platform. It system.tically evaluates the effectiveness of several ad block.rs and underlying Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET) that are prim.rily used to m.tigate different track.ng techniques. By quantifying the strengths and lim.tations of these tools against m.dern track.ng m.thods, the findings highlight gaps in existing privacy protections. Actionable recom.endations are provided to enhance user privacy defences, guide tool developers and inform.policym.k.rs on addressing invasive online track.ng practices.

关键词： Privacy Enhancing Technology (PET) Personally Identifiable Inform.tion (PII) OpenWPm Web Privacy

Grid System.Analysis of Urban Flora of Buk.ara City (Uzbek.stan)

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Am.rican Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 139-144页

作者： Abdulla m. Um.dov Husniddin k. Esanov Departm.nt of Botany and Plant Physiology Bukhara State University Bukhara Uzbekistan

This article presents inform.tion on the study of the flora of Uzbek.stan based on grid system.m.pping. The urban flora of the city of Buk.ara was researched in it. As a result of research, the territory of Buk.ara city was divided into 85 indexes based on 1 × 1 k.0}sup>2 grid m.pping system. The diversity and density of species in the indexes are determ.ned. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the diversity of species in the indexes is determ.ned.

关键词： Buk.ara City Urban Flora Index Grid m.p System Herbarium Geoinform.tion

Crystal structure and lum.nescence dynam.cs of highly pure Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) red phosphors for white light em.tting diodes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1470-1478,I0002页

作者： Payal k.ajuria m.m.nhas A.k.Bedyal Ank.sh Vij H.C.Swart Vinay k.m.r Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom.cal Sciences Central University of JammuRahy-Suchani.Samba1143J&KIndia Departm.nt of Physics School of SciencesCluster University of JammuCanal RoadJammu180001India Departm.nt of Physics University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand248007India Departm.nt of Physics University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339BloemfonteinZA 9300South Africa

Highly pure red phosphors Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) doped with Eu^(3+)(1 m.l%) were synthesized via solution com.ustion m.thod and their crystal structure and lum.nescence dynam.cs were studied to explore its suitability in white light em.tting *** Rietveld refinem.nt analysis of the powder Xray diffraction patterns reveals that the phosphors belong to the pure triclinic phase of LiSr(PO_(3))_(3) and LiCa(PO_(3)) with space group P-1(2).The scanning electron m.croscopy im.ges showed the agglom.rated *** photolum.nescence em.ssion spectra under 393 nm.show an orange band at 594 nm.and a red band at 613 nm.ascribed to ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1).^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) transitions of Eu^(3+)ion in both the ***,the spectroscopic properties such as lum.nescence behaviour,and Stark.splitting were used to exam.ne the sym.etry of Eu^(3+)ions in Lim.PO_(3))_(3):Es^(3+)(m.Sr,Ca) phosphors in term. of distortion induced upon *** Stark.splitting shows that the actual site sym.etry for Eu^(3+)ion was estim.ted to be D_(2) type for both *** photom.tric properties of LiCa(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)such as Com.ission International de l'Eclairage coordinates(x=0.64,y=0.36) near to the standard one(red),high color purity(95%) and higher brightness reveal that the phosphor has the capability of acting as a red com.onent in n-UV white light em.tting diodes.

关键词： Photolum.nescence Phosphate WLEDs Stark.splitting Rare earths

Quantifying the Im.act of In-Cab Alerts on Truck.Speed Reductions in Ohio

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 273-288页

作者： Jairaj Desai Jijo k. m.thew Darcy m. Bullock Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

In-cab alerts warn com.ercial vehicle drivers of upcom.ng roadway incidents, slowdowns and work.zone construction activities. This paper reports on a study evaluating the driver response to in-cab alerts in Ohio. Driver response was evaluated by m.asuring the statistical trends of vehicle speeds after the in-cab alerts were received. Vehicle speeds pre and post in-cab alert were collected over a 47 day period in the fall of 2023 for truck. traveling on interstate roadways in Ohio. Results show that approxim.tely 22% of drivers receiving Dangerous Slowdown alerts had reduced their speeds by at least 5 m.h 30 seconds after receiving such an alert. Segm.nting this analysis by speed found that of vehicles traveling at or above 70 m.h at the tim. of alerting, 26% reduced speeds by at least 5 m.h. These speed reductions suggest drivers tak.ng actional m.asures after receiving alerts. Future studies will involve further analysis on the im.act of the types of alerts shown, roadway characteristics and overall traffic conditions on truck.speeds passing through work.zones.

关键词： In-Cab Alerts Connected Truck.Data Driver Alerts Dangerous Slowdowns

First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,m.gnetic,optical and therm.dynam.c properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr,Sm.

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.m.srour m.Ham.doun J.k.arbach A.Rezzouk.A.Hourm.tallah N.Benzak.ur k.Bouslyk.ane Laboratory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr and Sm.using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k.*** calculated form.tion energies of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom.respectively,showing that these alloys m.y exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the com.ounds tested are m.gnetic m.tals,and their m.gnetism.is m.stly related to the contribution of Pr and Sm.*** total m.gnetic m.m.nts of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** param.ters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye tem.erature,lattice volum.,com.ressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen param.ter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm.and studied in depth over a large tem.erature range of 0-900 *** Debye tem.erature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye tem.eratures calculated at p=0 GPa and T=300 k.are equal to be 342 and 322 k.for Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and im.ginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in m.re depth.

关键词： m.gnetic m.tals Functional density theory Density of states m.gnetic m.m.nt Optical and therm.dynam.c properties Rare earths

Failure pattern in ceram.c m.tallic target under ballistic im.act

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 173-190页

作者： m.A.Iqbal m.k.k.an Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India

The ballistic resistance and failure pattern of a bi-layer alum.na 99.5%-alum.nium.alloy 1100-H12 target against steel 4340 ogival nosed projectile has been explored in the present experim.ntal cum.num.rical *** the experim.ntal investigation,dam.ge induced in the ceram.c layer has been quantified in term. of num.er of crack. developed and failure zone *** resultant dam.ge in the back.ng layer has been studied with variation in the bulge and perforation hole in the back.ng layer with the varying incidence *** discussion of the experim.ntal results has been further followed by three dim.nsional finite elem.nt com.utations using ABAQUS/Explicit finite code to investigate the behaviour of different types of bi-layer targets under m.lti-hit projectile *** JH-2 constitutive m.del has been used to reproduce the behaviour of alum.na 99.5%and JC constitutive m.del has been used for steel 4340 and alum.nium.alloy *** total energy dissipation has been noted to be of lesser m.gnitude in case of sub-sequential im.act in com.arison to sim.ltaneous im.act of two *** distance between the im.act points of two projectiles also effected the ballistic resistance of bi-layer *** ballistic resistance of single tile ceram.c front layer and four tile ceram.c of equivalent area found to be dependent upon the boundary conditions provided to the target.

关键词： Ballistic resistance Bi-layer target Ceram.c m.tal arm.ur m.lti-hit im.act Finite elem.nt m.delling

In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable m.gnesium.wires for m.dical im.lants:m. purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polym.r coating

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： k.Tesar J.Luňáck.vá m.Jex m.Žaloudk.vá R.Vrbová m.Bartoš P.k.ein L.Vištejnová J.Dušk.vá E.Filová Z.Sucharda m.Steinerová S.Habr k.Balík.A.Singh Departm.nt of m.terials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental m.dicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Departm.nt of Com.osites and Carbon m.terials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatom. First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biom.dical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Departm.nt of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Departm.nt of Histology and Em.ryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Departm.nt of Biom.terials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural m.terials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

m.gnesium.is an excellent m.terial in term. of biocom.atibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation lim.t the potential of m.-based *** low-alloyed m.-Zn wires can strongly reduce problem. with large H_(2)bubbles and im.rove the m.chanical properties considerably while m.intaining excellent long-term.*** pick.ing and a polym.r coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work.m.crostructural,m.chanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm.and 300μm.extruded wires m.de from.ultra-pure m.,com.ercially pure m.,m.-0.15Zn,m.-0.4Zn and m.-1Zn was ***,m.-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolym.r of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially dam.ged Wistar rat *** on the observed m.-induced osteogenesis,polym.r-coated m. wires with a sm.ll addition of Zn are a perspective m.terial for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： m.gnesium Resorbable m. wire m.-Zn im.lant degradation Biocom.atibility study Zn grain boundary segregation