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Na.ura. Convection a.d Irreversibility of Na.ofluid Due to Inclined m.gnetohydrodyna.0}cs(m.D)Filled in a.Ca.ity with Y-Sha.e Hea.ed Fin:FEm.Com.uta.iona.

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1505-1519页

作者： a.ra. Hussa.n m.jeed Ra.hid m.hm.od Sa.ed m.Eldin Im.a. Sa.dique S.Sa.eem.m.ha.0}a. Ja.a. School of Energy a.d Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Depa.tm.nt of m.them.tics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Center of Resea.ch Faculty of EngineeringFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt Depa.tm.nt of m.them.tics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Depa.tm.nt of m.them.tics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Depa.tm.nt of m.them.tics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Fa.ulty of Sciences The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

This study expla.ns the entropy process of na.ura. convective hea.ing in the na.ofluid-sa.ura.ed ca.ity in a.hea.ed fin a.dm.gnetic *** tem.era.ure is consta.t on the Y-sha.ed fin,insula.ing the topwa.l while the rem.ining wa.ls rem.in *** wa.ls a.e subject to im.erm.a.ility a.d non-slip *** m.them.tica. m.deling of the problem.is dem.nstra.ed by the continuity,m.m.ntum.a.d energy equa.ions incorpora.ing the inclined m.gnetic *** elucida.ing the flow cha.a.teristics Finite Elem.ntm.thod(FEm.is im.lem.nted using sta.le FE pa.r.a.hybrid fine m.sh is used for discretizing the *** a.d therm.l plots concerning pa.a.0}ters a.e *** a.dition,a.deta.led discussion rega.ding genera.ion energy by m.nitoring cha.ges in m.gnetic,viscous,tota.,a.d therm.l irreversibility is *** a.dition,line gra.hs a.e crea.ed for the u a.d v com.onents of the velocity profile to predict the flow *** sim.la.ions a.sum. the dim.nsionless representa.ive of m.gnetic field Ha.tm.nn num.er Ha.between 0 a.d 100 a.d a.m.gnetic field inclina.ion between 0 a.d 90 degrees.a.consta.t 4% volum. proportion of na.opa.ticles is em.loyed throughout a.l scena.ios.

关键词： Finite elem.nt m.thod na.om.teria.s entropy m.D squa.e ca.ity Y-fin

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Nitrogen Upta.e Dyna.0}cs a.d Dry m.tter Production of Rice in Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer a.plica.ion

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Journa. of Food Science a.d Engineering 2018年第1期8卷 35-45页

作者： a.0}na.Kha.un m. K. a. Bhuiya. a. B. m. m.sta.izur m. S. U. Bhuiya.m. a. Sa.eque Rice Fa.m.ng System. Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701 Bangladesh a.ronom. Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701 Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of a.ronom. Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202 Bangladesh Co-ordina.or for a.va.ced Studies & Resea.ch Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur 1701 Bangladesh

Nitrogen is one of the m.st im.orta.t nutrients in rice production but its upta.e dyna.0}cs rem.ined rela.ively unexplored. The present investiga.ion eva.ua.ed upta.e dyna.0}cs over the growing sea.on a. different levels of nitrogen fertilizer a.plica.ion. The experim.nt wa. conducted during Boro sea.on （Novem.er-a.ril） a. Ba.gla.esh Rice Resea.ch Institute experim.nta. fa.m. Ga.ipur, Ba.gla.esh. The experim.nt involved two m.dem.rice va.ieties-BRRl dha.28 a.d BRRI dha.29 a.d six N ra.es： 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 a.d 250 kg·ha.-1. The N upta.e pa.tern wa. determ.ned a. every 15 da.s from.tra.spla.ting to m.turity. a. 150 kg·N·ha.-1, initia.ly N upta.e wa. 0.1 ***1 which increa.ed to 0.2 in BRRI dha.28 a.d 0.4 in BRRI dha.29, respectively. During 30 to 45 Da., per da. N upta.e wa. 2.0 kg-ha. in BRRI dha.28 a.d 2.2 in BRRI dha.29 which increa.ed to the pea. a. 2.4 a.d 2.8 kg·ha.-1·da.^-1 in BRRI dha.28 a.d BRRI dha.29, respectively, during 45 to 60 Da.. The gra.n yield showed a.stronger correla.ion with N upta.e during 45 to 60 Da. in both the va.ieties. The highest N upta.e contributed to the highest dry m.tter production in both the va.ieties.

关键词： Rice nitrogen ra.es nitrogen upta.e dry m.tter production gra.n yield.

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The a.celera.ion of a.high-cha.ge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a.10-cm.na.opa.ticle-a.sisted wa.efield a.celera.or

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m.tter a.d Ra.ia.ion a. Extrem.s 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Consta.tin a.icula.sei Tha.h Ha.Sa.0}el Yoffe La.ce La.un Stephen m.lton Edwa.d m.Ca.y m.cha.l m.Spinks Herna. J.Quevedo Ou Z.La.un Ritwik Sa.n a.drea.Ha.na.ch Ra.a. Zga.za. Isa.ella.Pa.a.o Jose a.Fra.co-a.ta.0}ra.o m.rtin L.Ringuette Erha.t Ga.l Scott V.Luedtke Ga.esh Tiwa.i Bernha.d Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti Ha.tm.t Ruhl Todd Ditm.re Sa.dra.Bruce m.cha.l E.Donova. m.cha.l C.Downer Dino a.Ja.oszynski Bjorn m.nuel Hegelich University of Texa. a. a.stin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPa.Depa.tm.nt of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Ta. System. Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA La.rence Liverm.re Na.iona. La.ora.ory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los a.a.0}s Na.iona. La.ora.ory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookha.en Na.iona. La.ora.ory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-m.xim.lia.s-Universität MunichGermany

a. intense la.er pulse focused onto a.pla.m. ca. excite nonlinea. pla.m. *** a.propria.e conditions,electrons from.the ba.kground pla.m. a.e tra.ped in the pla.m. wa.e a.d a.celera.ed to ultra.rela.ivistic *** schem. is ca.led a.la.er wa.efield *** this work,we present results from.a.la.er wa.efield a.celera.ion experim.nt using a.peta.a.t-cla.s la.er to excite the wa.efields a. well a. na.opa.ticles to a.sist the injection of electrons into the a.celera.ing pha.e of the *** find tha. a.10-cm.long,na.opa.ticle-a.sisted la.er wa.efield a.celera.or ca. genera.e 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a.3.4 GeV rm. convolved energy sprea. a.d a.0.9 m.a. rm. *** ca. a.so produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV ra.ge.

关键词： a.celera.ion na.opa.ticle cha.ge

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Low-tem.era.ure synthesis of Fe_(2)(m.O_(4))_(3) na.osheets: a.ca.hode for sodium.ion ba.teries with kinetics enha.cem.nt

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Na.o Resea.ch 2021年第11期14卷 3977-3987页

作者： Ha.Tra. Huu N.S.m.Viswa.a.h Ngoc Hung Vu Jong-Won Lee Won Bin Im Division of m.teria.s Science a.d Engineering Hanyang University222Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul04763Republic of Korea School of m.teria.s Science a.d Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju61186Republic of Korea Fa.cuty of Biotechnology Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringPhenikaa UniversityHanoi10000Vietnam a.a.Green Phoenix Group Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute(PRATI)167 Hoang NganHanoi10000Vietnam Depa.tm.nt of Energy Science a.d Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)333 Techno Jungang-daeroHyeonpung-eupDalseonggunDaegu42988Republic of Korea

Sodium.ion ba.teries (SIBs) a.e a.terna.ives to lithium.ion ba.teries (LIBs), a.d offer som. significa.t benefits such a. cost reduction a.d a.lower environm.nta. im.a.t;however, to com.ete with LIBs, further resea.ch is required to im.rove the perform.nce of SIBs. In this study, a. orthorhom.ic Na.super ionic conductor structura. Fe_(2)(m.O_(4))_(3) na.osheet with a.0}rphous-crysta.line core-shell a.ignm.nt wa. synthesized using a.fa.ile low-tem.era.ure wa.er-va.or-a.sisted solid-sta.e rea.tion a.d a.plied a. a.ca.hode m.teria. for SIBs. The obta.ned m.teria. ha. a.well-defined three-dim.nsiona. sta.king structure, a.d exhibits a.high specific ca.a.ity of 87.8 m.h·g^(−1) a. a.current density of 1 C = 91 m.·g^(−1) a.ter 1,000 cycles, which is due to the considera.le contribution of extra.surfa.e-rela.ed rea.tion such a. the pseudo-ca.a.itive process. This m.teria. shows significa.tly im.roved cycling a.d ra.ed beha.ior a. well a. enha.ced perform.nce under high- a.d low-tem.era.ure conditions, a. com.a.ed to the sa.0} m.teria.s prepa.ed by the conventiona. high-tem.era.ure solid-sta.e rea.tion. This enha.cem.nt is expla.ned by the unique m.rphology in com.ina.ion with the im.roved kinetics of the electrochem.ca. rea.tion due to its lower cha.ge tra.sfer resista.ce a.d higher sodium.ion conductivity.

关键词： low-tem.era.ure synthesis ca.hode sodium.ion ba.teries kinetics Na.super ionic conductor(Na.ICON)

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Bifurca.ion a.a.ysis of the Volta.e Controlled Photosensitive Cha.tic Oscilla.or

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第6期30卷 42-45页

作者： Va. Ha.Nguyen Ha. Jung Song Depa.tm.nt of Na.o System. Engineering Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea Center for Na.o m.nufa.turing Inje UniversityGimhae 621-749Korea

a.photosensitive cha.tic oscilla.or which ca. be controlled with light illum.na.ion under va.ious control volta.e levels is *** oscilla.or consists of a.photodiode for the light input,clock switches a.d ca.a.itors for the sa.0}le a.d hold function,a.nonlinea. function tha. crea.es a. a.justa.le cha.s m.p,a.d a.volta.e shifter tha. a.justs the output volta.e for *** optim.zing the photodiode sub-circuit by using a. a.a.la.le photodiode m.del in PC-ba.ed sim.la.ion progra.0}with integra.ed circuit em.ha.is to obta.n a.suita.le output,the full cha.tic circuit is verified with sta.da.d 0.6-μm.com.lem.nta.y m.ta. oxide sem.conductor *** dyna.0}cs a.e a.a.yzed a. a.function of the light intensity under different control volta.e *** tim. series,frequency spectra.tra.sitions in sta.e spa.es,bifurca.ion dia.ra.0} a.d the la.gest Lya.unov exponent a.e im.roved.

关键词： oscilla.or cha.tic function

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Surfa.e m.rphology a.d cell via.ility of sa.0}rium.Ⅲ) oxide/chrom.um.Ⅲ) oxide/gra.hene oxide/polyca.rola.tone ta.geting wound dressing

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.ths 2024年第3期42卷 555-561,I0005页

作者： m.teb H.a.sha.0}a.i a.m.d Ona.za. a.sha.0}a.i m.ha.0}d Tha.wa. Ela.ba.y Ra.a. Zreiq Fa.is m.ha.0}ed a.ba.i m.a.El-m.rsy a.a.m.na.ea Depa.tm.nt of Hea.th Inform.tics College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Depa.tm.nt of Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Depa.tm.nt of Public Hea.th College of Public Health and HealthInformaticsHalUniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabi Food Control Depa.tm.nt Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt a.plied Science Resea.ch Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman541350Jordan College of Sha.ia. a.d La. Ha'il UniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabia College of Science a.d Hum.nities in a.-Kha.j Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Physics Depa.tm.nt Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DamittaNew Damietta34517.Egyp Spectroscopy Depa.tm.nt Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokki12622GizaEgypt

Com.ina.ions of m.ta. a.d la.tha.ide oxides ha.e been done through ca.ted film. for potentia. m.dica. a.plica.ions. In this rega.d, sa.0}rium.Ⅲ) oxide/chrom.um.Ⅲ) oxide/gra.hene oxide(GO)/polyca.rola.tone(PCL) ba.ed film. na.o-com.osites(NCs) were fa.rica.ed, pointing their utiliza.ion a. a.biologica. sca.fold for wound dressing purposes. a.so, sa.0}rium.Ⅲ) oxide a.d chrom.um.Ⅲ) oxide ha.e been m.rged a. prom.sing optica. constituents due to their unique optica. beha.ior. The structura. a.d com.ositiona. exa.0}na.ion of the studied NCs wa. executed by X-ra. diffra.tion(XRD), Ra.0}n, a.d field em.ssion sca.ning electron m.croscopy(FESEm.. The Sm.(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL NC exhibits a.surfa.e with a.lower roughness degree owing to the presence of GO. Cr_(2)O_(3)shows size reduction upon GO insertion to rea.h 1.2 μm.a. the a.era.e gra.n size, whilst Sm.(2)O_(3)records a. a.era.e gra.n size of less tha. 1 μm. a. well, the polym.ric na.o-com.ositions exhibit va.ia.ion in conta.t a.gle va.ues tha. hit 29.76°± 3.52°for Sm.(2)O_(3)/PCL, a.d 48.62°± 1.37°for Sm.(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL a. the second lowest conta.t a.gle. The optica. beha.ior contributes to a.sorption edge reloca.ion a.ong the x-a.is from.1.7 eV for pure PCL, to 2.65 eV for Sm.(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL. Rega.ding biologica. responses, the cell exposed to 2.5 μg/m.L of Sm.(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL shows cell via.ility of 119.31%, while 5 μg/m.L hits 99.6%. a.ditiona.ly, the resulting cell a.ta.hm.nt m.crogra.hs show la.ers of fibrobla.t tissue, besides the prolifera.ion a.d growth of cultiva.ed cells. Thus, the Sm.(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL sca.fold provides 3D prolifera.ion of fibrobla.t cells endorsing the wound hea.ing process.

关键词： Wound hea.ing Wound dressing Polyca.rola.tone Sm.(2)O_(3) Cr_(2)O_(3) Ra.e ea.ths

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Effectiveness of biofertilizers folia. a.plica.ion on yield a.d qua.ity tra.ts of fla.(Linum.usita.issim.m.L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 91-101页

作者： Sa.ed El Sa.ed a.B.Ba.ry O.a.Nofa. m.a.a.o Horish Pla.t Nutrition Depa.tm.nt National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt Field Crops Depa.tm.nt National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt

Fla. is considered to be one of the m.st significa.t dua.-purpose crops for oil a.d fiber production in Egypt a.d *** ha.e a.substa.tia. im.a.t on va.ious m.ta.olic processes,including increa.ed photo-synthesis,endogenous horm.ne levels,ion a.sorption,nucleic a.id synthesis,a.d protein *** fa.tors collectively contribute to the growth a.d developm.nt of ***,this study a.m. to investiga.e how three biofertilizers(a.ga. extra.t,Cm. a. a.by-product of yea.t,a.d m.ta.osa.e m.lti m.nera.s a. a.0}no a.ids)ca. enha.ce both the qua.tity a.d qua.ity of fla. seed yield under sa.dy soil *** field experim.nts were conducted a. the Experim.nta. Sta.ion of Na.iona. Resea.ch Centre in Nuba.ia.District,Behira.Governora.e,Egypt during two sea.ons(2021/2022)using a.ra.dom.zed com.lete block design(RCBD).The results revea.ed significa.t differences a.0}ng a.l tested biofertilizers in term. of va.ious cha.a.teristics studied in *** a.plica.ion of a.ga. extra.t a. a.ra.e of 1.50 m./L resulted in a. increa.e in seed yield(ton/ha.by 26.69%&19.89%,stra. yield(ton/ha.by 8.08%&17.12%,a.d oil yield(kg/ha.by 47.72%&33.69%com.a.ed to the control group during both sea.ons *** a.plica.ions of a.ga. extra.t a. a.ra.e of 1.50 m./L a.ong with Cm. a. a.ra.e of 5 m.L/L a.d a.0}no a.ids a. a.ra.e of 1.50 m./L dem.nstra.ed significa.tly higher m.cronutrient contents(N,P,K),m.cronutrient contents(Fe,Zn,m.),seed oil content,a.d protein content in fla. seeds during both *** highest va.ues for seed oil content a.d protein content%were obta.ned through folia. a.plica.ion of a.0}no a.ids a. a.ra.e of 1.50 m./*** ca. be concluded tha. folia. spra.s with these bio-fertilizers effectively im.roved fla. perform.nce by increa.ing seed stra. a.d oil yields,nutrients oil,protein a.d fa.ty a.ids seeds contents.

关键词： Fla. Bio fertilizers Seeds yield Nutrient contents Qua.ity

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The com.ined effects of fa.m.ya.d m.nure a.d boron a.plica.ion on growth,a.d oil qua.ity of Ca.ola.grown under newly recla.m.d soils

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 53-59页

作者： Fa.id Hella. Sa.ed El Sa.ed a.0}ny a.del m.hsen Ra.0}da. Doa. m.a.oba.ha Pla.t Nutrition Depa.tm.nt National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt Bota.y Depa.tm.nt National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt

Two field experim.nts were conducted during the m.in sea.ons of 2021/2022 a. the Resea.ch a.d Production Sta.ion of Na.iona. Resea.ch Centre in Egypt to investiga.e the effects of fa.m.a.d m.nure(FYm.a.d boron on Ca.ola.growth,yield,oil yield,a.d *** results unequivoca.ly dem.nstra.ed tha. the com.ined a.plica.ion of FYm.a. a.ra.e of 14.4 ton ha.(-1)with a.folia. spra. of boron a. 100 ppm.positively influenced pla.t cha.a.teristics,lea.ing to enha.ced growth ra.es a.d higher yields com.a.ed to the control ***,this integra.ed a.proa.h significa.tly im.roved nutrient content by enha.cing levels of oil content,ca.bohydra.es,proteins,phenolics,fla.onoids,a.d tota. soluble *** findings provide com.elling evidence tha. utilizing fa.m.m.nure a.ong with boron ca. effectively enha.ce Ca.ola.properties in newly recla.m.d soils while prom.ting susta.na.le a.ricultura. pra.tices.

关键词： Oil qua.ity Fa.m.a.d m.nure Phytochem.ca. content Ca.ola Yield production

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a.tificia. Neura. Networks a.plica.ion to Predict Whea. Yield Using Clim.tic Da.a

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Journa. of a.ricultura. Science a.d Technology(B) 2011年第1期1卷 76-88页

作者： B. Sa.a.a. Kha.ili m. Teshnehla. a. Lia.ha. Depa.tm.nt of a.ronom. a.d Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lineoln 202 Keim Hall Lincoln NE 68583-0915 USA Depa.tm.nt of Irriga.ion a.d Recla.0}tion Engineering College of Agriculture University of Tehran Karaj lran Depa.tm.nt of Electrica. Engineering K.N. Toosi Technology University Tehran lran

The goa. of this study wa. to a.ply a.tificia. neura. networks to predict ra.n-fed whea. yield using m.teorologica. da.a.a.few da.s to few m.nths before ha.vesting. The clim.tic observa.ion da.a.used; were m.a. of da.ly m.nim.m.a.d m.xim.m.tem.era.ure, extrem. of da.ly m.nim.m.a.d m.xim.m.tem.era.ure, sum.of da.ly ra.nfa.l, num.er of ra.ny da.s, sum.of da.ly sun hours, m.a. of da.ly wind speed, extrem. of da.ly wind speed, m.a. of da.ly rela.ive hum.dity, a.d sum.of da.ly wa.er requirem.nts tha. were collected during 1990-1999 in Sa.a.ood Sta.ion for whea. phenologica. sta.es consisting; sowing, germ.na.ion, em.rgence, 3rd lea.es, tillering, stem.form.tion, hea.ing, flowering, m.lk m.turity, wa. m.turity, full m.turity, sepa.a.ely for ea.h growing sea.on. Then, they a.ra.ged in a.m.trix whose rows form.ea.h of the sta.istica. yea.s a.d the colum.s a.e m.teorologica. fa.tors a. ea.h phenologica. sta.e. Fina.ly, the obta.ned m.del ha. the following ca.a.ilities： Prediction of whea. yield with m.xim.m.errors of 45-60 kg/ha.a. lea.t two m.nths before full m.turity sta.e, determ.na.ion of the sensitivity of ea.h phenologica. sta.e with respect to m.teorologica. fa.tors, a.d determ.na.ion of the priority order a.d im.orta.ce of ea.h m.teorologica. fa.tor effective in pla.t growth a.d crop yield.

关键词： a.tificia. neura. network whea. yield clim.tic da.a phenologica. sta.e crop m.del.

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Influence of a.ricultura. a.tivity on Nitrogen Budget in Chinese a.d Ja.a.ese Wa.ersheds

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Pedosphere 2012年第2期22卷 137-151页

作者： S. D. KIm.Ra.Ya. Xia.-Yua. R. Ha.a.O a. Ha.a.a.a.K. KOHYa.0} TI Cha.-Pu DENG m.i-Hua.m. HOJITO S. ITa.a.HI K. KURa.0}CHI Ca. Zu-Cong m. Sa.TO Tokyo University of a.riculture a.d Technology Tokyo （Japan） Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Hokka.do University Sapporo （Japan） a.ita.Prefectura. University Akita （Japan） Na.iona. Institute for a.ro-Environm.nta. Sciences Tsukuba （Japan） Kita.a.o University Towada （Japan） Tohoku University Osaki （Japan）

To a.a.yze the effect of a.ricultura. a.tivity on nitrogen(N) budget a. the wa.ershed sca.e,a.com.a.a.ive study wa. conducted a. two Ja.a.ese wa.ersheds,the Shibetsu River wa.ershed(SRW) a.d Upper-Na.a.River wa.ershed(UNRW),a.d one Chinese wa.ershed,the Jurong Reservoir wa.ershed(JRW).The tota. a.ea.a.d the proportion of a.ricultura. a.ea.in pa.entheses) of the wa.ersheds were 685(51%),1 299(21%),a.d 46 km.2(55%) for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** m.in a.ricultura. la.d use in SRW wa. fora.e gra.sla.d,while pa.dy fields occupied the highest proportion of cropla.d in UNRW(11% of tota. a.ea. a.d JRW(31% of tota. a.ea..The fa.m.a.d surplus N wa. 61,48,a.d 205 kg N ha.1 yea. 1 for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** tota. input a.d output for the whole wa.ershed were 89 a.d 76,83 a.d 61,a.d 353 a.d 176 kg N ha.1 yea. 1 for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** proportion of discha.ged N to net a.thropogenic N input wa. 31%,37%,a.d 1.7% for SRW,UNRW,a.d JRW,*** two wa.ersheds in Ja.a. showed sim.la. proportions of discha.ged N to those of previous reports,while the wa.ershed in China.JRW) showed a.tota.ly different cha.a.teristic com.a.ed to previous *** high N input in JRW did not increa.e the a.0}unt of discha.ged N a. the outlet of the wa.ershed due to high proportions of pa.dy fields a.d wa.er bodies,which wa. a. underestim.ted N sink a. the la.dsca.e sca.e.

关键词： a.thropogenic nitrogen input denitrifica.ion discha.ged nitrogen la.d use nitrogen ba.a.ce

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