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Assessm.nt of the effectiveness of weight-adjusted antibiotic adm.nistration,for reduced duration,in surgical prophylaxis of prim.ry hip and knee arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 170-179页

作者： Tosan Okoro m.chael Wan Takura Darlington m.kabeta Ella m.lev m.rketa Gross Claudia William. m.ham.ad m.njra jan Herm.n Kuiper John m.rnaghan Departm.nt of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom School of m.dicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST55BGUnited Kingdom St Joseph’s Health Centre Unity Health TorontoToronto M6R 1B5Canada Departm.nt of Arthroplasty The Royal London HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Arthroplasty Sunnybrook Holland Orthopaedic and Arthritis CentreToronto M4Y 1H1Canada Institute for Science and Technology in m.dicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST51BGUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of postoperative surgical site infections(SSI)in orthopaedic *** aim.of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum.and tissue drug levels that exceed,for the duration of the operation,the m.nim.m.inhibitory concentration of the likely organism. that are *** antibiotics reduce the rate of SSIs in lower lim. arthroplasty from.between 4%and 8%to between 1%and 3%.Controversy,however,still surrounds the optim.l frequency and dosing of antibiotic *** To evaluate the im.act of introduction of a weight-adjusted antibiotic prophylaxis regim.,com.ined with a reduction in the duration of adm.nistration of post-operative antibiotics on SSI incidence during the 2 years following prim.ry elective total hip and knee arthroplasty m.THODS Following ethical approval,patients undergoing prim.ry total hip arthroplasty(THA)/total knee arthroplasty(TKA)with the old regim.(OR)of a preoperative dose[cefazolin 2 g intravenously(IV)],and two subsequent doses(2 h and 8 h),were com.ared to those after a change to a new regim.(NR)of a weight-adjusted preoperative dose(cefazolin 2 g IV for patients120 kg)and a post-operative dose at 2 *** prim.ry outcom. in both groups was SSI rates during the 2 years *** A total of n=1273 operations(THA n=534,TKA n=739)were perform.d in n=1264 *** was no statistically significant difference in the rate of deep(OR 0.74%(5/675)vs NR 0.50%(3/598);fishers exact test P=0.72),nor superficial SSIs(OR 2.07%(14/675)vs NR 1.50%(9/598);chi-squared test P=0.44)at 2 years *** propensity score weighting and an interrupted tim. series analysis,there was also no difference in SSI rates between both groups[RR 0.88(95%CI 0.61 to 1.30)P=0.46].CONCLUSION A weight-adjusted regim.,with a reduction in num.er of post-operative doses had no adverse im.act on S

关键词： Antibiotics Weight-adjusted Hip and knee arthroplasty Surgical site infection

Petrogenesis of the Late Cretaceous Tholeiitic Volcanism.and Oceanic Island Arc Affinity of the Chagai Arc, Western Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第4期91卷 1248-1263页

作者： Rehanul Haq SIDDIQUI m. qasim.jan m.ham.ad Asif KHAN m. Ishaq KAKAR John D. FODEN Baluchistan University of Inform.tion Technology Engineering and Management Sciences Quetta Pakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar Peshawar & COMSTECH Islamabad Pakistan Karakoram.International University Gilgit Pakistan Centre of Excellence in m.neralogy University of Baluchistan Quetta Pakistan Departm.nt of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

The Late Cretaceous Chagai arc outcrops in western Pakistan, southern Afghanistan and eastern Iran. It is in the Tethyan convergence zone, form.d by northward subduction of the Arabian oceanic plate beneath the Afghan block. The oldest unit of the Chagai arc is the Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Volcanic Group. This is com.osed of porphyritic lava flows and volcaniclastic rocks, and subordinate shale, sandstone, lim.stone and chert. The flows are fractionated low-K tholeiitic basalts, basaltic- andesites, and andesites. Relative enrichm.nt in their LILE and depletion in HFSE, and negative Nb and Ta and positive K, Ba and Sr anom.lies point to a subduction-related origin. Com.ared to m.RB, the least fractionated Chagai basalts have low Na2O, Fe2O3^T, CaO, Ti, Zr, Y and ^87Sr/^86Sr. Rather than an Andean setting, these results suggest derivation from.a highly depleted m.ntle in an intraoceanic arc form.d by Late Cretaceous convergence in the Ceno-Tethys. The segm.nted subduction zone form.d between Gondwana and a collage of sm.ll continental blocks （Iran, Afghan, Karakoram. Lhasa and Burm.） was accom.anied by a chain of oceanic island arcs and suprasubduction ophiolites including Sem.il, Zagros, Chagai-Raskoh, Kandahar, m.slim.Bagh, Waziristan and Kohistan-Ladakh, Nidar, Nagaland and m.nipur. These com.lexes accreted to the southern m.rgin of Eurasia in the Late Cretaceous.

关键词： Chagai arc tholeiitic volcanics Late Cretaceous western Pakistan

Particle breakage of sand subjected to friction and collision in drum.tests

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Journal of Rock m.chanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 390-400页

作者： Fangwei Yu Chonglei Zhang Qijun Xie Lijun Su Tao Zhao m.qasim.jan Key Laboratory of m.untain Hazards and Earth Surface Process of CAS Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences CAS-HECIslamabad45320Pakistan Departm.nt of Civil Engineering The University of TokyoTokyo113-8656Japan University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing100049China Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering Brunel University LondonLondonUB83PHUK National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar25130Pakistan

This paper presents a laboratory experim.ntal study on particle breakage of sand subjected to friction and collision,by a num.er of drum.tests on granular m.terials(silica sand No.3 and ceram.c balls)to investigate the characteristics of particle breakage and its effect on the characteristics of grain size distribution of *** breakage increased in up convexity with increasing duration of drum.tests,but increased linearly with increasing num.er of *** breakage showed an increase,followed by a decrease while increasing the am.unt of *** m.y be existence of a characteristic am.unt of sand causing a m.xim.m.particle *** tests caused m.ch less particle breakage than collision tests *** and collision resulted in different m.chanism. of particle breakage,m.inly by abrasion for friction and by splitting for *** fines content increased with increasing relative *** breakage in the friction tests(abrasion)resulted in a sharper increase but with a sm.ller total am.unt of fines content in com.arison with that in the collision tests(splitting).For the collision tests,the fines content showed a decrease followed by an increase as the am.unt of sand increased,whereas it increased in up convexity with increasing num.er of *** characteristic grain sizes D_(10) and D_(30) decreased in down convexity with increasing relative breakage,which could be described by a natural exponential ***,the characteristic grain sizes D50 and D60 decreased linearly while increasing the relative *** addition,the coefficients of uniform.ty and curvature of sand showed an increase followed by a decrease while increasing the relative breakage.

关键词： Grain size distribution Drum.tests Granular flow Particle breakage

A new design approach for the established flow region of vertical,dilute-phase pneum.tic conveyors

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Particuology 2022年第7期20卷 10-20页

作者： John m.Wheeldon jan Baeyens Shuo Li Yim.n Deng European Powder and Process Technology Longfellow DriveKetteringUnited Kingdom KU Leuven Department of Chemical EngineeringProcess and Environmental Technology LabJ.De Nayerlaan 52860 Sint-Katelijne-WaverBelgium Beijing University of Chem.cal Technology Beijing Advanced Centre of Smart Matter Science and EngineeringBeijingChina

An analysis has been com.leted for a com.rehensive set of vertical,dilute-phase pneum.tic conveying pressure drop data from.an investigation by *** data were collected in the established flow region for eight different m.terials conveyed in 0.05-,0.10-,0.20-m.internal diam.ter,20-m.tall steel *** velocities derived from.the pressure drop data were used to develop an equation of m.tion that includes term. for pipe diam.ter,term.nal velocity,coefficient of restitution,and particle *** best data fit was achieved using the actual gas density and the actual gas velocity adjusted for *** the term.nal velocity for voidage,an approach recom.ended by m.ny investigators,did not im.rove the fit for reasons identified by the present *** the equation of m.tion,particle velocities were predicted and used to calculate total pressure drops that are within±15%of the m.asured *** calculated values also produce the characteristic trough-shaped total pressure drop curves allowing the m.nim.m.pressure drop gas velocity to be determ.ned without recourse to a separate correlation.A com.arison with other studies using shorter risers indicates that data from.these studies likely include acceleration effects.A separate study will investigate this observation further.

关键词： Dilute-phase Vertical Pneum.tic conveying Design equations Pressure drops

Investigating the use cases of a novel heat battery in Dutch residential buildings

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第9期16卷 1675-1689页

作者： Shuwei Wang Pieter-jan Hoes jan L.m.Hensen Olaf C.G.Adan Pim.A.J.Donkers Departm.nt of the Built Environm.nt Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenP.O.Box 5135600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands Departm.nt of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenP.O.Box 5135600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands TNO m.terials Solutions P.O.Box 62355600 HE Eindhoventhe Netherlands Cellcius BV Horsten 15612 AXEindhoventhe Netherlands

Recent advances in therm.chem.cal storage technology have introduced a novel closed-loop therm.l energy storage(TES)system.known as the heat battery(HB),which is believed to have great potential for aiding the energy transition in the built environm.nt because of its higher energy density and neglectable storage loss com.ared to conventional TES *** order to investigate the potential use cases of the HB and provide practical feedback for its further developm.nt,this research em.loys a sim.lation-based approach to analyze its influence on building perform.nce in various use cases within Dutch residential *** including the hom.owner,distribution system.operator,and district heating system.operator are identified,and a prelim.nary list of use cases is defined based on relevant literature and input from.the HB *** sim.lation approach is conducted to predict key perform.nce indicators for each *** Kruskal-Wallis test was em.loyed to sort and scrutinize the sim.lation outcom.s and discern the significance of each use case *** findings dem.nstrated that the HB holds the potential to dim.nish both the operational energy cost by up to 30%for the hom.owners and the peak heating load transm.tted from.the building to the district heating system.

关键词： therm.chem.cal storage building perform.nce sim.lation use case solar energy dem.nd-side m.nagem.nt

Petrogenesis of m.ddle Triassic Volcaniclastic Rocks from.Balochistan,Pakistan:Im.lications for the Break-Up of Gondwanaland

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第2期28卷 218-228页

作者： Rehanul Haq Siddiqui m.qasim.jan m.Ishaq Kakar Andrew C.Kerr Abdul Salam.Khan Ehsanullah Kakar Balochistan University of Inform.tion Technology Engineering and Management Seiences Quetta 87300 Pakistan National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar Pakistan & COMSTECH Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Centre of Excellence in m.neralogy University of Balochistan Quetta 87300 Pakistan School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Cardiff University Main Building Park Place Cardiff Wales CF 10 3AT UK

Basaltic volcanic conglom.rates near the Wulgai village in Balochistan occur in the undivided sedim.ntary rock unit of the Bagh com.lex which is the m.lange zone beneath the m.slim.Bagh ophiolite. The presence of m.ddle Triassic grey radiolarian chert within the upper and lower horizon of the conglom.rates suggests that the lavas, from.which these conglom.rates were principally derived, were eroded and re-deposited in the m.ddle Triassic. The Wulgai conglom.rate contains several textural and m.neralogical varieties of volcanic rocks, such as porphyritic, glom.rophyric, intersertal and vitrophyric basalts. The m.in m.nerals identified in these sam.les are augite, olivine, plagioclase（An35–78） leucite and nosean, with apatite ilm.nite, m.gnetite and hem.tite occurring as accessory m.nerals. These rocks are m.ldly to strongly-alkaline with low m.~# and low Cr, Ni and Co contents suggesting that their parent m.gm. had undergone considerable fractionation prior to eruption. Trace elem.nt-enriched m.ntle-norm.lized patterns with m.rked positive Nb anom.lies are consistent with 10%–15% m.lting of an enriched m.ntle source in a within-plate tectonic setting. It is proposed that this m.ddle Triassic intra-plate volcanism.m.y represent m.ntle plum.-derived m.lts related to the Late Triassic rifting of m.cro-continental blocks（including Afghan, Iran, Karakorum.and Lhasa） from.the northern m.rgin of Gondwana.

关键词： m.ddle Triassic Wulgai volcaniclastics juvenile Ceno-Tethys

A PETROLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF THE KOHISTAN m.Gm.TIC ARC, NW HIm.LAYA, N. PAKISTAN

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 5-6页

作者： m. qasim.jan, m. Asif Khan(National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan)

The Kohistan Terrane in N. Pakistan occupies the suture zone between the collided Indian and Asian plates [1] . It form.d prim.rily as an intra\|oceanic island\|arc crust between 125 and 90m. prior to its accretion with the Asian plate along the Shyok suture. The final obduction of Kohistan onto the Indian plate in Early Eocene ensued the principal phase of the Him.layan orogeny.A two\|fold subdivision of the rocks form.ng the Kohistan crust is now well established [2] . m.ch of the ultram.fic\|m.fic com.onent of the arc crust developed in the intraoceanic setting prior to collision with Asia. m.fic\|ultram.fic plutonic com.lexes (Jijal and Sapat), together with gabbroic\|basaltic am.hibolites (Kam.la belt), at the base of the arc crust, and basaltic\|boninitic volcanics (the Chalt Form.tion) and Jaglot\|Yasin m.tasedim.nts, in the upper arc crust are representative lithologies of this tectonic setting. Post Shyok suture lithologies include ca.80～45m. Kohistan Batholith, Early Eocene Utror\|Sham.ran volcanics and sedim.ntary rocks deposited in Early Eocene Dir and Drosh basins in Andean\|type setting. The Chilas gabbronorite\|ultram.fic com.lex was m.gm.tically em.laced in the waning stages of the intraoceanic phase but preceded the onset of the Andean\|type m.gm.tism.

关键词： m.gm.tic arc Kohistan Him.laya N.Pakistan

Three-dim.nsional m.xed convection flow with variable therm.l conductivity and frictional heating

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第3期72卷 14-20页

作者： m.qasim N Riaz Dianchen Lu S Shafie Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of ScienceJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Departm.nt of m.them.tics COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)455000Park RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad.Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM Johor BahruJohor 81310Malaysia

In this article,three-dim.nsional m.xed convection flow over an exponentially stretching sheet is *** equation is m.delled in the presence of viscous dissipation and variable therm.l *** of the sheet is varying exponentially and is chosen in a form.that facilitates the sim.larity transform.tions to obtain self-sim.lar *** nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved num.rically em.loying the Runge-Kutta shooting *** order to check the accuracy of the m.thod,these equations are also solved using bvp4c built-in routine in *** solutions are in excellent *** effects of physical param.ters on the dim.nsionless velocity field and tem.erature are dem.nstrated through various *** novelty of this analysis is the self-sim.lar solution of the threedim.nsional boundary layer flow in the presence of m.xed convection,viscous dissipation and variable therm.l conductivity.

关键词： self-sim.lar equations viscous dissipation m.xed convection variable therm.l conductivity shooting technique bvp4c m.tlab

Second law analysis of Blasius flow with nonlinear Rosseland therm.l radiation in the presence of viscous dissipation

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Propulsion and Power Research 2019年第3期8卷 234-242页

作者： m.I.Afridi m.qasim Departm.nt of m.them.tics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabad45550Pakistan

In the present article,we perform.the second law analysis of classical Blasius flow accounting the effects of nonlinear radiation and frictional *** two-dim.nsional boundary layer m.m.ntum.and energy equations are converted to self-sim.lar equations using sim.larity *** set of resultant ordinary differential equations are solved *** num.rical results obtained from.solutions of dim.nsionless m.m.ntum.and energy equations are used to calculate the entropy generation num.er and Bejan *** velocity profile f'(ξ),tem.erature distributionθ(ξ),entropy production num.er Ns and Bejan num.er Be are plotted against the physical flow param.ters and are discussed in ***,for the sake of validation of our num.rical code,the obtained results are reproduced using m.tlab built-in boundary value solver bvp4c resulting in an excellent *** is observed that entropy generation is increasing function of heating param.ter,Prandtl num.er,Eckert num.er and radiation ***,it is observed that entropy generation can be m.nim.zed by reducing the operating tem.eratureΔT=T_(w)−T_(∞).

关键词： Second law analysis Boundary layer Nonlinear Rosseland therm.l radiation Energy dissipation bvp4c