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Bending reliability of screen-printed vias for a flexible energy m.dule

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npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 210-217页

作者： m.nu Kujala Terho Kololuom. Jari Keskinen Donald Lupo m.tti m.ntysalo Thom.s m.kraft Faculty of Com.uting and Electrical Engineering Tampere University(formerly Tampere University of Technology)Korkeakoulunkatu 3FI-33720TampereFinland Faculty of Inform.tion Technology and Com.unication Sciences Tampere UniversityKorkeakoulunkatu 3TampereFI-33720Finland Sasken Finland Oy Vissavedentie 1FI-69600KaustinenFinland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Kaitoväylä1OuluFI-90590Finland

The future of printed electronics involves advancem.nts not only related to full system.integration,but also lean process m.nufacturing.A critical aspect of this progress is developed in this study,which evaluates a highly flexible screen printed through-hole-via using silver m.croparticle inks,for applications in energy harvesting and storage *** printed vias’fabrication and durability are evaluated by m.ans of a double sided screen-printing m.thod and repetitive(cyclic)bending ***,through 125-µm.thick PET foil,were laser cut(nom.nally 50,100,150,and 200µm.diam.ters)then filled,and sim.ltaneously connected to adjacent vias by screen *** investigate the use of the printed via in a m.nolithic energy m.dule,the vias were used for the fabrication of a flexible printed supercapacitor containing aqueous electrolyte and carbon *** results indicate that the lower viscosity silver ink(DuPont 5064H)fills the via less effectively than the higher viscosity ink(Asahi LS411AW),and as the via size increases(≥150µm.diam.ter)via walls are coated rather than ***,the m.re viscous ink fills the via thoroughly and exhibited a 100%yield(1010 vias;100µm.nom.nal via diam.ter)with the two-step direct screen-printing *** 10-m. radius bending test showed no signs of via specific breakdown after 30,000 *** results indicate that this via filling process is likely roll-to-roll com.atible to enable m.lti-layered printed electronic devices.

关键词： silver printing nom.nal

Explaining the influence of dopant concentration and excitation power density on the lum.nescence and brightness of β-NaYF4:Yb^3+,Er^3+ nanoparticles:m.asurem.nts and sim.lations

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Nano Research 2019年第8期12卷 1871-1879页

作者： m.rtin Kaiser Christian Wurth m.rco kraft Tero Soukka Ute Resch-Genger Division Biophotonics Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11D-12489 BerlinGermany Departm.nt of Biotechnology University of TurkuKiinamyllynkatu 10TurkuFI-20520Finland

We assessed the influence of Yb^3+ and Er34 dopant concentration on the relative spectral distribution, quantum.yield (Фuc), and decay kinetics of the upconversion lum.nescence (UCL) and particle brightness (BUC) for sim.larly sized (33 nm. oleate-capped p-NaYF4:Yb3t,Er^3+ upconversion (UC) nanoparticles (UCNPs) in toluene at broadly varied excitation power densities (F). This included an Yb^3+ series where the Yb^3+ concentration was varied between 11%—21% for a constant Er^3+ concentration of 3%, and an Er^3+ series, where the Er^3+ concentration was varied between 1%-4% for a constant Yb^3+ concentration of 14%. The results were fitted with a coupled rate equation m.del utilizing the UCL data and decay kinetics of the green and red Er34 em.ssion and the Yb34 lum.nescence at 980 nm. An increasing Yb34 concentration favors a pronounced triphotonic population of 4F9/2 at high P by an enhanced back energy transfer (BET) from.the 4G11/2 level. Sim.ltaneously, the Yb^3+-controlled UCNPs absorption cross section overcom.ensates for the reduction in Фuc with increasing Yb^3+ concentration at high P, resulting in an increase in Sue. Additionally, our results show that an increase in Yb34 and a decrease in Er^3+ concentration enhance the color tuning range by P. These findings will pave the road to a deeper understanding of the energy transfer processes and their contribution to efficient UCL, as well as still debated trends in green-to-red intensity ratios of UCNPs at different P.

关键词： upconversion quantum yield color tuning nanoparticles dopant concentration rate equation m.del

Particle-size-dependent upconversion lum.nescence of NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles in organic solvents and water at different excitation power densities

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Nano Research 2018年第12期11卷 6360-6374页

作者： m.rco kraft Christian Würth Verena m.hr Thom.s Hirsch Ute Resch-Genger Federal Institute for m.tefiab Research and Testing (BAm. Division1.2BiophotonicsRichard-Willstaetter-Str.1112489BerlinGermany Institute of Analytical Chem.stry Chemo-and BiosensorsUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany

A system.tic study of the lum.nescence properties of m.nodisperse β-NaYF4: 20% Yb3+, 2% Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with sizes ranging from.12–43 nm.is presented utilizing steady-state and tim.-resolved fluorom.try. Special em.hasis was dedicated to the absolute quantification of size- and environm.nt-induced quenching of upconversion lum.nescence (UCL) by high-energy O–H and C–H vibrations from.solvent and ligand m.lecules at different excitation power densities (P). In this context, the still-debated population pathways of the 4F9/2 energy level of Er3+ were exam.ned. Our results highlight the potential of particle size and P value for color tuning based on the pronounced near-infrared em.ssion of 12 nm.UCNPs, which outweighs the red Er3+ em.ssion under “strongly quenched” conditions and accounts for over 50% of total UCL in water. Because current rate equation m.dels do not include such em.ssions, the suitability of these m.dels for accurately sim.lating all (de)population pathways of sm.ll UCNPs m.st be critically assessed. Furtherm.re, we postulate population pathways for the 4F9/2 energy level of Er3+, which correlate with the size-, environm.nt-, and P-dependent quenching states of the higher Er3+ energy levels.

关键词： upconversion nanoparticle quenching diam.ter water cyclohexane

Beyond cotton and polyester: An evaluation of em.rging feedstocks and conversion m.thods for the future of fashion industry

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 130-159页

作者： Ryen m.Frazier Keren A.Vivas Ivana Azuaje Ram.n Vera Alonzo Pifano Naycari Forfora Hasan Jam.el Ericka Ford Joel J.Pawlak Richard Venditti Ronalds Gonzalez Departm.nt of Forest Biom.terials North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Departm.nt of Textile Engineering Chemistry and ScienceThe Nonwovens InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

As the global population grows,the dem.nd for textiles is increasing ***,this puts im.ense pressure on m.nufacturers to produce m.re *** synthetic fibers can be pro-duced cheaply,they have a negative im.act on the *** the other hand,fibers from.wool,sisal,fique,wood pulp(viscose),and m.n-m.de cellulose fibers(m.CFs)from.cotton can-not alone m.et the growing fiber dem.nd without m.jor stresses on land,water,and existing m.rkets using these *** a greater em.hasis on transparency and circular econom. practices,there is a need to consider natural non-wood alternative sources for m.CFs to supple-m.nt other fiber ***,introducing new feedstocks with different com.ositions m.y require different biom.ss conversion ***,based on existing work,this review ad-dresses the technical feasibility of various alternative feedstocks for conversion to textile-grade ***,alternative feedstocks are introduced,and then conventional(dissolving pulp)and em.rging(fibrillated cellulose and recycled m.terial)conversion technologies are evaluated to help select the m.st suitable and prom.sing processes for these em.rging alternative sources of *** is im.ortant to note that for alternative feedstocks to be adopted on a m.aningful scale,high biom.ss availability and proxim.ty of conversion facilities are critical *** North Am.rica,soybean,wheat,rice,sorghum.and sugarcane residues are widely available and m.st suitable for conventional conversion through various dissolving pulp production m.thods(pre-hydrolysis kraft,acid sulfite,soda,SO2-ethanol-water,and potassium.hydroxide)or by em.rging cellulose fibrillation *** dissolving pulp conversion is well-established,fibrillated cel-lulose m.thods could be beneficial from.cost,efficiency,and environm.ntal ***,the authors strongly encourage m.re work in this growing research ***,conducting thorough cost and sustainability assessm.nt

关键词： Non-wood Residue Regenerated cellulose Dissolving pulp m.n-m.de cellulose fiber Apparel textile

Toward optical coherence tom.graphy on a chip: in vivo three-dim.nsional hum.n retinal im.ging using photonic integrated circuit-based arrayed waveguide gratings

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 71-85页

作者： Elisabet A.Rank Ryan Sentosa Danielle J.Harper m.tthias Salas Anna Gaugutz Dana Seyringer Stefan Nevlacsil Alejandro m.ese-Novo m.ritz Eggeling Paul m.ellner Rainer Hainberger m.rtin Sagm.ister Jochen kraft Rainer ALeitgeb Wolfgang Drexler Center for m.dical Physics and Biom.dical Engineering Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Guertel 18-20/4 L1090 ViennaAustria Research Centre for m.crotechnology Vorarlberg University of Applied SciencesHochschulstrasse 16850 DornbirnAustria AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Gm.H Gieffinggasse 41210 ViennaAustria am. AG Tobelbader Strasse 308141 PremstaettenAustria

In this work,we present a significant step toward in vivo ophthalm.c optical coherence tom.graphy and angiography on a photonic integrated *** diffraction gratings used in spectral-dom.in optical coherence tom.graphy can be replaced by photonic integrated circuits com.rising an arrayed waveguide *** arrayed waveguide grating designs with 256 channels were tested,which enabled the first chip-based optical coherence tom.graphy and angiography in vivo three-dim.nsional hum.n retinal *** 1 supports a bandwidth of 22nm.with which a sensitivity of up to 91 dB(830μW) and an axial resolution of 10.7 pm.was *** 2 supports a bandwidth of 48 nm.with which a sensitivity of 90 dB(480μW) and an axial resolution of 6.5μm.was *** silicon nitride-based integrated optical waveguides were fabricated with a fully Cm.S-com.atible process,which allows their m.nolithic co-integration on top of an optoelectronic silicon *** a benchm.rk for chip-based optical coherence tom.graphy,tom.gram. generated by a com.ercially available clinical spectral-dom.in optical coherence tom.graphy system.were com.ared to those acquired with on-chip *** sim.larities in the tom.gram. dem.nstrate the significant clinical potential for further integration of optical coherence tom.graphy on a chip system.

关键词： waveguide arrayed optical

乳鼠流行性腹泻(EDlm.,小鼠轮状病毒性肠炎

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实验动物科学 1985年第2期 38-44页

作者： Lisbeth m.kraft 赵继勋

A.历史背景Cheever 和 m.eller(1947,1948),Pappenheim.r 和 Enders(1947),Rapp-enheim.r 和 Cheever(1948)首先阐述了EDIm.的病理学变化和流行病学情况。Punn-er 和 Palm.1953),Cheever(1956)又提供了关于该病流行病学和病原学方面的... 详细信息

关键词：小鼠小家鼠 EDlm 乳鼠轮状病毒去污剂动物病毒感染细胞病毒粒子病毒体

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小鼠肝炎病毒(m.V)感染

实验动物科学 1986年第2期 35-44页

作者： Lisbeth m.kraft 赵继勋

A.历史背景对小鼠肝炎病毒的认识要回溯到在做EDIm.毒流行病学实验过程中那种叫做JHm.自然发生的嗜神经性小鼠病毒分离出来之时。JHm.毒感染的最明显特征是广泛的髓鞘破坏,不管是否为肠外途径接种。在一些组织中出现引人注目的巨细胞... 详细信息

A.历史背景对小鼠肝炎病毒的认识要回溯到在做EDIm.毒流行病学实验过程中那种叫做JHm.自然发生的嗜神经性小鼠病毒分离出来之时。JHm.毒感染的最明显特征是广泛的髓鞘破坏,不管是否为肠外途径接种。在一些组织中出现引人注目的巨细胞,肝脏出现灶性坏死区。幼龄大鼠、棉鼠和仓鼠大脑内接种时也易感。此后,另一些学者在各种情况下分离出许多和JHm.同、彼此之间主要在致病性上不同的致病因子。甚至现在,新的和那些已描述过的毒株在毒力、组织亲合性、宿主范围、免疫力方面相似或不同的毒株还可出

关键词： m.V 冠状病毒巨噬细胞毒株病变吞噬细胞小鼠腹腔乳鼠小鼠肝炎病毒

Design of a large-range rotary m.crogripper with freeform.geom.tries using a genetic algorithm

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m.crosystem. & Nanoengineering 2022年第1期8卷 59-72页

作者： Chen Wang Yuan Wang Weidong Fang Xiaoxiao Song Aojie Quan m.chiel Gidts Hem.n Zhang Huafeng Liu Jian Bai Sina Sadeghpour m.chael kraft College of Optical Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering and Com.uter Science University of LiegeLiegeBelgium ESAT-m.S University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium PGm. and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

This paper describes a novel electrostatically actuated m.crogripper with freeform.geom.tries designed by a genetic *** new sem.autom.ted design m.thodology is capable of designing near-optim.l m.m. devices that are robust to fabrication *** use of freeform.geom.tries designed by a genetic algorithm.significantly im.roves the perform.nce of the *** experim.nt shows that the designed m.crogripper has a large displacem.nt(91.5μm.with a low actuation voltage(47.5 V),which agrees well with the *** m.crogripper has a large actuation displacem.nt and can handle m.cro-objects with a size from.10 to 100μm.A grasping experim.nt on hum.n hair with a diam.ter of 77μm.was perform.d to prove the functionality of the *** result confirm.d the superior perform.nce of the new design m.thodology enabling freeform.*** design m.thod can also be extended to the design of m.ny other m.m. devices.

关键词： handle algorithm. algorithm

Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities:needs,challenges and perspectives

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第3期5卷 10-40页

作者： I.Prencipe J.Fuchs S.Pascarelli D.W.Schum.cher R.B.Stephens N.B.Alexander R.Briggs m.Büscher m.O.Cernaianu A.Choukourov m.De m.rco A.Erbe J.Fassbender G.Fiquet P.Fitzsim.ons C.Gheorghiu J.Hund L.G.Huang m.Harm.nd N.J.Hartley A.Irm.n T.Kluge Z.Konopkova S.kraft D.Kraus V.Leca D.m.rgarone J.m.tzkes K.Nagai W.Nazarov P.Lutoslawski D.Papp m.Passoni A.Pelka J.P.Perin J.Schulz m.Sm.d C.Spindloe S.Steinke R.Torchio C.Vass T.Wiste R.Zaffino K.Zeil T.Tschentscher U.Schram. T.E.Cowan Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory USA 25Institute of Microelectronics of Barcelona National Center of Microelectronic Spanish Research Council Spain 26University of St. Andrews UK

A num.er of laser facilities com.ng online all over the world prom.se the capability of high-power laser experim.nts with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to the interaction environm.nt could becom. a bottleneck for the exploitation of such facilities. In this paper, we report on target needs for three different classes of experim.nts: dynam.c com.ression physics, electron transport and isochoric heating, and laser-driven particle and radiation sources. We also review som. of the m.st challenging issues in target fabrication and high repetition rate operation. Finally, we discuss current target supply strategies and future perspectives to establish a sustainable target provision infrastructure for advanced laser facilities.

关键词： high-energy density physics target design and fabrication

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