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Decoupling COb.2b. from.Clim.te Change

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第3期15卷 246-269页

作者： m.chael Nelson David b. Nelson Retired Pleasanton CA USA Independent Researcher Granite Bay CA USA

This study determ.nes if there is a correlation b.tween rising carb.n dioxide levels and glob.l warm.ng. Historical data were reviewed from.three different tim. periods spanning 500 m.llion years. It showed that the curves and trends were too dissim.lar to estab.ish a connection. Ob.ervations from.COb.2b./tem. ratios showed that the COb.2b. and the tem.erature m.ved in opposite directions 42% of the tim.. m.ny ratios displayed zero or near zero values, reflecting a lack of response. As m.ch as 87% of the ratios revealed negative or near zero values, which strongly negate a correlation. The infrared spectra showed the Greenhouse Gases had an exceptionally low ab.orption b.nd b.tween 11.67 μm.to 9.1 μm. which is a zone called the infrared atm.spheric window. m.st of the Greenhouse Gases ab.orb.little infrared inside that zone. And that zone is where the Earth’s surface em.ts alm.st all infrared radiation. Even with m.nim.l ab.orb.nce, water vapor captures the m.st infrared radiation. It ab.orb. 84 tim.s m.re than COb.2b., 407 thousand tim.s m.re than m.thane, 452 thousand tim.s m.re than ozone and 2.3 m.llion tim.s m.re than nitrous oxide. The Intergovernm.ntal Panel on Clim.te Change (IPCC) and the United States EPA excluded water vapor b.cause it was not associated with m.n-m.de activities. They reported that water vapor and clouds were sim.ly feedb.ck m.chanism. from.COb.2b.. Clouds reflect radiation from.the sun. The Northern Hem.sphere is 2.7°F warm.r than the Southern Hem.sphere b.cause of clouds. The world cloud cover has gone down 4.1% from.1982 to 2018. Calculations show that this could b. responsib.e for 2.4°F of the 2.7°F. The research shows that m.st of the recent increase in tem.erature (89.9%) is b.cause of fewer clouds.

关键词： Clim.te Change Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Gases CO2 Water Vapor Clouds

Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey b.es (Apis m.llifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch Laura m. Grossner m.ya b. Zepeda Jam.s W. Grice Charles I. Ab.am.on Departm.nt of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Lab.ratory of Com.arative Psychology and b.havioral b.ology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Departm.nt of Earth and Environm.ntal Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and m.m.ry in honey b.es (Apis m.llifera). The series of experim.nts outlined in this paper aim.d to test whether honey b.es exhib.t the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experim.nts in our lab.ratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey b.e perform.nce and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experim.nt exam.ned if b.es could differentiate b.tween the two caps in the am.unt of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a tim.. The second experim.nt explored cap weight preference b. presenting b.es with a choice b.tween the two caps. The third and fourth experim.nts tested the b.e’s ab.lity to expect reward or punishm.nt b.sed on cap weight. Results revealed that b.es were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not ab.e to expect reward or punishm.nt b.sed on cap weight. These experim.nts contrib.te to the deb.te on whether b.es have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the b.haviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis m.llifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

Generation of polarized electron b.am. through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasm.

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong m.b.scher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Lab.ratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-b.am.Application(m.E) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Lab.ratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünb.rg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasm.physik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Lab.ratory for Laser Plasm.s(m.E) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collab.rative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron b.am.production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasm. is investigated b. particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron b.am.polarization is studied b.sed on the Thom.s±b.rgm.nn±m.chel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to b. influenced b. the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the b.b.le regim.,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is m.inly influenced b. the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regim.(for exam.le,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons m.ve around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contrib.tion of the wakefield can b. ***,an ultra-short electron b.am.with polarization of 99%can b. ob.ained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell sim.lation polarized electron b.am

b.odiversity Assessm.nt of Avifauna in the Forest Reservation of Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Philippines

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 292-308页

作者： Afed S. Daiwey Heherson b. Ong Em.rson V. b.rcellano Edm.ndo C. Gum.al m.chelle Ann m. Calub.quib.Rafael J. Padre School of Forestry and Environm.ntal Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Philippines College of Forestry and Environm.ntal Science Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Agriculture Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Engineering Isabela State University Echague Philippines

The research study was conducted to assess and quantify the current status of avifauna b.odiversity assets of Aurora State College of Technology’s Forest Reservation in b.ler, Aurora, Philippines. Assessm.nt of avifaunal diversity was undertaken b. traversing the four estab.ished circular plots having a radius of 125 m.ters or 250 m.ters diam.ters each as perm.nent m.nitoring stations. Study revealed a total num.er of 151 Individual species, classified into 23 genera and 21 fam.lies. Eighteen of these species are endem.c while the rem.ining five were fully m.grated b.rds. All b.rds ob.erved were classified as Least Concern (LC) species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species and the updated list of the b.rds of the World online. Its ab.ndance, richness and diversity index were calculated using Shannon Diversity Index (H') while Pielou’s evenness (J') for distrib.tion of species. Forest reservation of ASCOT has m.re even (0.756 J') and m.derate diversity (2.812 H') ob.ervation on avifauna in general. However, this avian population evaluation was threatened into a verge of extinction due to natural and anthropological threats that causes forest deforestation. Such deforestation of hab.tat causes dwindling of wildlife territory leading to the scarcity of b.rd’s population. Thus, the assessm.nt was conducted to aid ASCOT adm.nistration find significant plans to ensure sustainab.e conservation and protection of the rem.ining avifauna species in the reservation area.

关键词： b.odiversity Avifauna Ab.ndance Species Richness Species Diversity

Decision-m.king and m.nagem.nt of Self-Care in Persons with Traum.tic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Prelim.nary Study

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Journal of b.havioral and b.ain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasm.n Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul b. Perrin William.Carter Lance L. Goetz Am.er b.ochetti Jam.s m. b.ork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richm.nd Veterans Affairs m.dical Center Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine and Rehab.litation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the im.ortance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet m.ny individuals with SCI do not adhere to recom.ended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurob.havioral determ.nants of SCI self-care b.havior, such as im.ulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them.could inform.efforts to im.rove SCI self-care. We explored associations b.tween im.ulsivity and self-care in an ob.ervational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traum.tic SCI with paraplegia at least six m.nths b.fore assessm.nt. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression m.dels that included all neurob.havioral m.asures and dem.graphics as predictors of self-care, dispositional m.asures of greater im.ulsivity (negative urgency, lack of prem.ditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced m.ndfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcom. (m.gnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-m.king param.ter derived from.com.utationally m.deling successive choices in a gam.ling task, was also associated with self-care b.havior. These results are prelim.nary;m.re research is needed to dem.nstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Inform.tion ab.ut associations b.tween im.ulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the developm.nt of interventions to im.rove SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-m.king Paraplegia Im.ulsive b.havior Health Care

Rare earth-doped m.xed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites as an effective photocatalytic agent for active degradation of Rhodam.ne b.dye

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 488-496,I0003页

作者： Swapnil A.Jadhav Sandeep b.Som.anshi Sudarshan S.Gawali Kranti Zakde K.m.Jadhav Departm.nt of Physics Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada UniversityAurangabad431004MaharashtraIndia School of m.terials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47906USA University Departm.nt of b.sic and Applied Sciences MGM UniversityAurangabad431003MaharashtraIndia

In this study, a series of Gd^(3+)-doped m.xed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites with com.osition of Zn_(0.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.2)Fe_(2-x)Gd_(x)O_(4)(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) was prepared using self-ignition sol-gel m.thod. The prepared nanoparticles with an average size ranging from.22 to 26 nm.show a single-phase cub.c structure b.longing to the spinel m.trix. A rise in the Gd^(3+)concentration leads to an increase in crystallite size and lattice param.ter. In Fourier transform.infrared spectra, two m.in ab.orption b.nds b.longing to the spinel structure are ob.erved. The high-frequency b.nds(v_(1)) represent the tetrahedral com.lex, while the lowfrequency b.nds(v_(2)) signify the octahedral com.lex. The optical b.ndgap of the nanoferrites is found within the range of 2.91 to 2.41 eV, depending on their size. The m.gnetic characteristics of the m.terial,such as saturation m.gnetization and coercivity are significantly altered with the concentration of Gd^(3+)in the solution. Using Rhodam.ne b.Rhb. as a m.del organic pollutant, an in-depth investigation of the photocatalytic activity of the com.ounds was carried out. The present outcom.s show that adding an adequate am.unt of Gd^(3+)significantly enhances the num.er of hydroxyl radicals produced b. the ferrite,in turn, increasing the photocatalytic activity of the m.terial. m.chanism.elucidated b. scavenger studies reveals that ·OH and holes are the prim.ry reactive radicals responsib.e for the degradation *** photocatalysts show an insignificant perform.nce loss in five consecutive cycles. Thus, it is concluded that these photocatalysts are highly suitab.e for the rem.diation of dye-contam.nated wastewater.

关键词： Gd^(3+)sub.titution Spinel ferrite Structural properties m.gnetic properties Photocatalysis Rare earths

Study of the Efficiency of Vertical Drains b. an FEm.m.thod in Soil Treatm.nt for Road Projects: Case of the Developm.nt and b.tum.nation Works of the ROCADE Porto-Novo in b.nin

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 435-455页

作者： Cheikh diallo Diène Vitouley Kossi Ghyslain Joël m.m.dou Tine Apanda m.ongote Johnny Lab.ratory of m.delling and Soils m.chanics TRU Engineering Sciences (UFR SI) University Iba Der Thiam Thies Senegal Lab.ratory of m.delling and Soils m.chanics School of Electrical and Building (ESEBAT) Dakar Senegal

This article aim. to study the efficiency of coupled vertical drains for the treatm.nt of long-lasting com.ressib.e clay soils for the road project platform.of the ring road of Porto Novo, capital of b.nin. The experim.ntal data allowed us to estim.te a consolidation of 29% in 9 m.nths, justifying the drainage of the soil. In order to study the efficiency of drainage, a FEm.m.del was proposed sim.lating different scenarios. These include a drainless road, pavem.nts equipped with vertical drains with m.shes of 0.5 m.0.5 m. 1 m.1 m.and 1.5 m.1.5 m.respectively and horizontal drains. The results expressed in term. of variations in vertical stresses, effective stresses and shear deform.tions revealed significant variations in pavem.nt perform.nce depending on the m.sh size of the vertical drains. The configuration with a m.sh of 0.5 m.0.5 m.showed the least deform.tions, thus indicating a reduction in deform.tions and b.tter stress distrib.tion. However, the other m.sh configurations showed variab.e results, underlining the im.ortance of choosing the right m.sh for the specific project conditions.

关键词： Pavem.nt Vertical Drains Horizontal Drains m.delling Plaxis2D ROCADE de Porto-Novo

Interventional Ultrasound in Am.ulatory Urological Practice: Experience of the m.dicis Clinic in Conakry

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第8期14卷 458-473页

作者： Daouda Kanté Alexandre Vahina Gam.m.u Lahoum.o Ricardo Gnam.i Ab.ub.car Cherif Ab.oulaye b.b. diallo Telly Sy Urology Departm.nt Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Conakry Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry Conakry Guinea m.dicis Clinic Conakry Guinea

Introduction: m.nim.lly invasive urological interventions have long b.en practiced b.indly in our context. The popularization of ultrasound in urological practice has contrib.ted to changing hab.ts b. m.king the procedures safer and m.re effective. The ob.ective of this work was to study the technical aspects, indications and results of m.nim.lly invasive urological procedures guided b. ultrasound. m.terial and m.thods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 1 year from.January to Decem.er 2023 at the m.dicis clinic in Conakry. Results: We carried out 126 ultrasound-guided urological interventions in one year, including 6 percutaneous nephrostom.es (NPC), one renal cyst puncture-aspiration-sclerotherapy, 102 prostate b.opsies, 5 drainages b. transrectal aspiration of prostatic ab.cesses, 10 placem.nts of cystostom. prob.s. Suprapub.c, 2 puncture-aspiration-sclerotherapies for vaginal hydroceles. The average age of our patients was 69 years and the predom.nant age range was 61 - 70. The m.jority of our patients were m.le (97.61%) with a sex ratio of 41 m.n to one wom.n. Ultrasound-guided urological interventions were for diagnostic purposes (80.95%), for therapeutic purposes (15.77%) and for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes (3.96%). The indications for ultrasound-guided urological interventions were dom.nated b. prostate pathologies (84.91%). The m.jority of interventions were perform.d rectally (84.92%) versus (13.43%) ab.om.nally and only 1.58% scrotalally. All procedures were perform.d in b.ultrasound m.de under local anesthesia and on an outpatient b.sis. For therapeutic interventions, the patients were seen again one m.nth after the procedure, the clinical exam.nation and ultrasound control found the evolution to b. favorab.e. Conclusion: ultrasound is useful in urological practice for guiding m.nim.lly invasive interventions. The indications for ultrasound-guided procedures in urology are dom.nated b. prostate pathologies. These procedures are safe

关键词： b.opsy Ultrasound-Guided Interventions m.nim.lly Invasive Nephrostom.

Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for m. alloy through a synergistic effect b.tween functionalized graphene and insulated b.ocking layer

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.J.Li J.H.Chu m.m.Li D.N.Zou L.b.Tong School of m.tallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Lab.ratory of Advanced Design and m.nufacturing for Vehicle b.dy Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of m. alloys seriously lim.t their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily form. m.ny intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a doub.e-layer epoxy com.osite coating on m. alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assem.ly *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterb.rne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-b.sed conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can b. hom.geneously dispersed within the epoxy m.trix to fill the intrinsic defects and im.rove the b.rrier *** Ce film.connects the outer layer with the sub.trate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG com.osite coating is 2131 tim.s lower than that of b.re m. alloy,and the wear rate is decreased b.~90%.The im.roved corrosion resistance is attrib.ted to the lab.rinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive m.dium.and the ob.truction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from.the FG sheet and b.ocking layer exhib.ts great potential in realizing the im.rovem.nt of m.lti-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the developm.nt of novel com.osite protection coatings of m. alloys.

关键词： m. alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance b.ocking layer