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Comparative efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus:A real-world experience

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 463-474页

作者： Lubna Islam Dhanya Jose mohammed Alkhalifah Dania Blaibel vishnu Chandrabalan Joseph m Pappachan Department of Endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Community medicine Goa Medical CollegeGoa 403202India Department of Family medicine King Faisal Specialist HospitalRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Data Science Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityAll Saints BuildingManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i)are a class of drugs with modest antidiabetic efficacy,weight loss effect,and cardiovascular benefits as proven by multiple randomised controlled trials(RCTs).However,real-world data on the comparative efficacy and safety of individual SGLT-2i medications is *** To study the comparative efficacy and safety of SGLT-2i using real-world clinical *** We evaluated the comparative efficacy data of 3 SGLT-2i drugs(dapagliflozin,canagliflozin,and empagliflozin)used for treating patients with type 2 diabetes *** on the reduction of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),body weight,blood pressure(BP),urine albumin creatinine ratio(ACR),and adverse effects were recorded *** Data from 467 patients with a median age of 64(14.8)years,294(62.96%)males and 375(80.5%)Caucasians were *** diabetes duration was 16.0(9.0)years,and the duration of SGLT-2i use was 3.6(2.1)***-2i molecules used were dapagliflozin 10 mg(n=227;48.6%),canagliflozin 300 mg(n=160;34.3%),and empagliflozin 25 mg(n=80;17.1).Baseline median(interquartile range)HbA1c in mmol/mol were:dapagliflozin-78.0(25.3),canagliflozin-80.0(25.5),and empagliflozin-75.0(23.5)*** respective median HbA1c reduction at 12 months and the latest review(just prior to the study)were:66.5(22.8)&69.0(24.0),67.0(16.3)&66.0(28.0),and 67.0(22.5)&66.5(25.8)respectively(Pmparisons from baseline).Significant improvements in body weight(in kilograms)from baseline to study end were noticed with dapagliflozin-101(29.5)to 92.2(25.6),and canagliflozin 100(28.3)to 95.3(27.5)*** reductions in median systolic and diastolic BP,from 144(21)mmHg to 139(23)mmHg;(P=0.015),and from 82(16)mmHg to 78(19)mmHg;(Pmicroalbuminuria was observed with canagliflozin only[ACR 14.6(42.6)at baseline to 8.9(23.7)at the study end;P=0.043].Adverse effects

关键词： Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Empagliflozin Canagliflozin Dapagliflozin Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Albumin creatinine ratio Diabesity

Semaglutide for the management of diabesity:The real-world experience

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World Journal of methodology 2024年第3期14卷 68-77页

作者： mohammed Alkhalifah Hafsa Afsar Anindya Shams Dania Blaibel vishnu Chandrabalan Joseph m Pappachan Department of Endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Family medicine King Faisal Specialist HospitalRiyadh 11211Saudi Arabia Department of Data Science Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Diabesity(diabetes as a consequence of obesity)has emerged as a huge healthcare challenge across the globe due to the obesity *** use of antidiabetic medications including semaglutide is important for optimal management of diabesity as proven by multiple randomized controlled ***,more real-world data is needed to further improve the clinical *** To study the real-world benefits and side effects of using semaglutide to manage patients with *** We evaluated the efficacy and safety of semaglutide use in managing patients with diabesity in a large academic hospital in the United *** parameters were analyzed including demographic information,the data on improvement of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),body weight reduction and insulin dose adjustments at 6 and 12 months,as well as at the latest follow up *** data was obtained from the electronic patient records between January 2019 to may *** 106 patients(56 males)with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2Dm),mean age 60.8±11.2 years,mean durations of T2Dm 12.4±7.2 years and mean semaglutide treatment for 2.6±1.1 years were *** treatment was associated with significant improvement in diabesity outcomes such as mean weight reductions from baseline 110.4±24.6 kg to 99.9±24.9 kg at 12 months and 96.8±22.9 kg at latest follow up and HbA1c improvement from baseline of 82±21 mmol/mol to 67±20 at 12 months and 71±23 mmol/mol at the latest follow *** insulin dose reduction from mean baseline of 95±74 units to 76.5±56.2 units was also observed at the latest follow *** effects were mild and mainly gastrointestinal like bloating and nausea improving with prolonged use of *** Semaglutide treatment is associated with significant improvement in diabesity outcomes such as reduction in body weight,HbA1c and insulin doses without major adverse *** of largescale real-world data are expected to inform better clinical

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Diabesity Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists Semaglutide Insulin dose reduction Weight loss

A Stability Indicating UPLC method for Candesartan in Bulk Drug Samples

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第10期3卷 704-709页

作者： Gunda Srinivas Kakumani Kishore Kumar Gangaram V. Kanumula m. vishnu Priya K. mukkanti Centre for Chemical Sciences and Technology Institute of Sciences and Technology Centre for Chemical Sciences and Technology Institute of Sciences and Technology Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad India CTO-2 Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. Hyderabad India

A simple, sensitive gradient rapid resolution liquid chromatographic assay method has been developed for the quantitative determination of Candesartan Cilexetil in bulk active pharmaceutical ingredient, used for the treatment of hypertension. The developed method is also applicable for the process related impurities determination. Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 stationary phase with simple mobile phase combination delivered in a gradient mode and quantification was by ultraviolet detection at 210 nm at a flow rate of 0.4 mL × min﹣1. In the developed UPLC method the resolution between Candesartan Cilexetil and its two potential impurities was found to be greater than 2.0. Regression analysis showed an r value (correlation coefficient) greater than 0.99 for Candesartan Cilexetil and its two impurities. This method was capable to detect two impurities of Candesartan Cilexetil at a level of 0.003% with respect to test concentration of 1.0 mg × mL﹣1 for a 2 μL injection volume. The bulk active pharmaceutical ingredient was subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation. Considerable degradation was found to occur in oxidative stress conditions. The stress samples were assayed against a qualified reference standard and the mass balance was found close to 99.5%. The developed RP-LC method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness.

关键词： Column Chromatography Forced Degradation Stress Conditions Candesartan Cilexetil

Enantioseparation of Palonosetron Hydrochloride and Its Related Enantiomeric Impurities by Computer Simulation and Validation

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第4期2卷 437-446页

作者： m.vishnu murthy C.Krishnaiah Kodithyala Jyothirmayi Katkam Srinivas K.mukkanti Ramesh Kumar Gautam Samanta Analytical Research and Development Integrated Product Development OperationsDr.Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd.BachupallyQutubullapurAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Chemistry Jawaharlal Nehru Technological UniversityHyderabadIndia

A rapid, simple and single stereo selective high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for enantiomers of palonosetron hydrochloride (PALO) and its process related chiral impurities. A computer simulating software was used for the development of chiral method. The developed method was able to separate not only the enantiomers of palonosetron hydrochloride but also its process related chiral impurities within 12 min. The chromatographic separation was carried out by normal phase chromatography using a 3 μm column of cellulose based chiral stationary phase (Chiralcel-OD 250mm × 4.6mm) with a mobile phase comprised of n-hexane: ethanol: methanol: heptafluoro butyric acid: diethyl amine (70:15:15:0.05:0.1, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The effects of additive concentration as well as nature of polar organic modifier, flow rate, and temperature on enantioselectivity were investigated. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the palonosetron isomers and its related chiral impurities were found to be in the range 0.06-0.10 μg/mL and 0.14 - 0.24 μg/mL respectively. The method showed excellent linearity (R2 > 0.998) over a range of 0.14 to 1.125 μg/mL. The percentage recovery of the isomers in bulk drug samples ranged from 87.0 to 116.0.

关键词： High Performance Liquid Chromatography Palonosetron Hydrochloride Chiral Impurities Drylab^(█) Software method Development method Validation

Influence of cerium ions on structure-dependent magnetic properties of Ba-Sr m-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram A.Pawar Sunil m.Patange P.m.Dighe Sher Singh meena Abdullah GAl-Sehemi mehboobali Pannipara Santosh S.Jadhav Department of Physics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia Department of Physics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia Solid State Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia Department of Chemistry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The present study is a systematic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive magnetic parameters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chemically formulated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite powders were prepared using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared *** creation of the m-type hexaferrite phase within the synthesized samples was revealed from the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary phase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to compute the lattice parameters,X-ray density,and lattice parameter *** crystal structure plotted from the refined XRD data reveals the occupancy of the ions at different lattice *** XPS data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTIR spectra confirms that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accommodated in the lattice and the remaining Ce content reside in the form of the CeO_(2) *** morphology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from the FESEm profiles of the ferrite *** magnetic behavior study was performed by analyzing the Curie temperature,hysteresis loops,and hyperfine interactions by means of susceptibility,V.S.m,and mossbauer spectroscopy,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation magnetization,and decreasing Curie temperature are reported in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice imperfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned magnetic parameters suitable for different applications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution XPS Saturation magnetization Coercivity m?ssbauer spectroscopy

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： S.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of TiO_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on SEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of TiO_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： Semiconductor TiO_(2) Rare earths Congo red methylene blue Solar spectrum Photodegradation

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： m.ABBASI GAVARI m.R.HOmAEINEZHAD Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(Amm)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(Amm) nonlinear motion analysis

Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： H.m.FEIZABAD m.H.YAS Department of mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** Hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)