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Assessment of energy consumption,environmental effects and fuel costs of the bus rapid transit system in Bogotá(Colombia)

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 34-47页

作者： Jhon Jairo pérez luis Hernando Correa.poul AlbergØstergaard pedro Cabrera Universidad de La Salle-Engineering Faculty Electrical DepartmentCampus La CandelariaBogota D.C.Colombia Aalborg University Department of PlanningRendsburggade 149000 AalborgDenmark University of Las palmas de Gran Canaria Department of Mechanical EngineeringCampus Universitario de TafiraLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain

Colombia aims to boost the utilization of mass transportation systems in its major cities while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20%,in alignment with the commitments of the COp21 *** 2020,the transport sector in Colombia accounted for 34.4%of the country’s energy demand and was responsible for~49%of its total CO_(2) *** article presents an assessment of energy consumption,environmental effects and the fuel costs of Bogotá’s bus rapid transit system based on the Activity,Share,Intensity,Fuel methodology.A long-term analysis spanning from 2021 to 2040 was developed using the long-range energy alternatives planning *** conduct this assessment,the tool was calibrated using data from 2019 and *** distinct scenarios based on energy policies implemented in Bogotáwere examined:Business as Usual,Fast Transition,High Growth and Low *** energy consumption and environmental effects,the results underscore the pivotal role of diversifying energy sources and reducing reliance on fossil fuels such as ***,the analysis emphasizes the urgent need to accelerate the transition to alternative energy sources such as natural gas and electricity.

关键词： ASIF energy consumption environmental effects LEAp long-term energy model public transport

Slow light bimodal interferometry in onedimensional photonic crystal waveguides

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Light(Science & a.plications) 2021年第2期10卷 154-165页

作者： luis Torrijos-Morán Amadeu Griol Jaime García-Rupérez Nanophotonics Technology Center Universitat Politècnica de Valencia46022 ValenciaSpain

Strongly influenced by the advances in the semiconductor industry,the miniaturization and integration of optical circuits into smaller devices has stimulated considerable research efforts in recent *** other structures,integrated interferometers play a.prominent role in the development of photonic devices for on-chip a.plications ranging from optical communication networks to point-of-care analysis ***,it has been a longstanding challenge to design extremely short interferometer schemes,as long interaction lengths are typically required for a complete modulation *** a.proaches,including novel materials or sophisticated configurations,have been proposed to overcome some of these size limitations but at the expense of increasing fabrication complexity and ***,we demonstrate for the first time slow light bimodal interferometric behaviour in an integrated single-channel one-dimensional photonic *** proposed structure supports two electromagnetic modes of the same polarization that exhibit a large group velocity ***,an over 20-fold reduction in the higher-order-mode group velocity is experimentally shown on a straightforward all-dielectric bimodal structure,leading to a remarkable optical path reduction compared to other conventional ***,we experimentally demonstrate the significant performance improvement provided by the proposed bimodal photonic crystal interferometer in the creation of an ultra-compact optical modulator and a highly sensitive photonic sensor.

关键词： interferometer polarization modulator

The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina.p.Bracho-Rincon luis H.pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate a.partate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a.pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

Urbanization has opposite effects on the territory size of two passerine birds

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 191-199页

作者： Roselvy Juárez Eduardo Chacón‑Madrigal luis Sandoval Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa RicaCP:11501‑2060San PedroMontes de OcaSan JoséCosta Rica Ambientey Desarrollo Universidad ZamoranoCarretera a Danlíkm 30Francisco MorazánHonduras.

Background:Urban expansion has been identified as one of the leading drivers of biodiversity change or *** birds,urbanization is specifically related to survival,breeding success,and territory *** how different birds adjust territory size in response to urbanization is essential for their conservation in urban environments and to better understand why some species are lost and others persist under this *** evaluated the effect of urbanization on the territory size of an urban avoider species,White-eared Ground-Sparrow(Melozone leucotis),and an urban adapter species,House Wren(Troglodytes aedon),at five Costa Rican ***:We measured the size of 30 ground-sparrow and 28 wren territories using a total of 296 h of *** followed each individual for at least 1 h per day for at least 2 days of two consecutive years,and geo-referenced their *** size was estimated using the minimum convex polygon *** measured the urban surfaces(roads,buildings,any other paved area,soccer fields,lawns,and gardens with short grass)within ***:Ground-sparrow territories were larger at the highly urbanized site than at the non-urbanized *** territories were larger at the low urbanized site than at the highly urbanized *** found a.positive relationship between urban surface and territory size for the ground-sparrow,but not for the ***:Our results showed that not all birds adjust territory size in the same way in response to *** showed that urban avoiders probably need to defend larger territories in urban environments to find all the resources required to survive because urban environments may provide insufficient resources such as food or *** adapters on the other hand defend smaller territories in urban environments because even small territories may provide sufficient *** results suggest specific behavioral adaptations developed by Neotropical birds inha

关键词： House Wren Melozone leucotis Troglodytes aedon Urban adapter Urban avoider Urban-rural gradient Territory size White‑eared Ground‑Sparrow

Online Learning Effectiveness in Times of Covid-19 for Utesa University Undergraduate Students in the Dominican Republic: A Narrative Research a.proach

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Online Learning Effectiveness in Times of Covid-19 for Utesa...

作者： luis Gabriel pérez Báez 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Effectiveness refers to the measure of to what extent goals are accomplished,this study will focus on determining how effective online learning is,more specifically how it fares during times of COVID-19 pandemic and focused on undergraduate *** studies have been previously been made regarding online learning effectiveness,however there are not many studies referring to online learning in times of pandemic and even fewer focused on developing nations like the Dominican *** purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of online learning in times of COVID-19 of undergraduate students in the Dominican *** research is necessary because of how the country have switched completely,albeit temporarily to a fully online teaching modality due to COVID-19,this sudden change was done without much infrastructure,teaching materials or pacification previously adapted to this particular situation,therefore assessing how effective has online education has been during this period will contribute to the country’s current situation and any future challenge that may arrive and need a similar *** order to understand this problematic as well as to get useful information from the volunteers,undergraduate students from UTESA University,interviews will be used to collect information which will later be analyzed using the qualitative methodology with a narrative inquiry *** conducting this study is expected to provide much needed information in this subject that may serve as guidance for a future reform of the higher education system in the country,putting special focus on the online learning modality.

关键词： Effectiveness Online learning Undergraduate students COVID-19 Dominican Republic

Catalytic feasibility of Ce-doped LaCoO_(3) systems for chlorobenzene oxidation:An analysis of synthesis method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第6期40卷 897-905,I0002页

作者： Héctor Acosta.pérez Carlos A.López luis E.Cadús Fabiola N.Agüero Chemical Technology Research Institute(INTEQUI) UNSL-CONICETFaculty of Biochemical Chemistry and Pharmacy(UNSL)Almirante Brown 14555700San LuisArgentina

A family of Ce-doped LaCoO_(3) perovskites are presented as possible catalysts for Cl-VOCs *** materials with different contents of Ce were obtained through the citrate and the reactive grinding *** insertion of Ce in the original perovskite structure favours the presence of Co^(2+)/Co^(3+) and Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+) redox pairs and a higher content of oxygen vacancies that enhances the catalytic performance in chlorobenzene combustion based on differential kinetics *** family obtained by the grinding method presents a.performance as high as that synthesized by citrate ***,the reactive grinding is a feasible green chemistry alternative to obtain a catalyst with the same performance as that obtained from traditional ***,the stability of sa.ples was evaluated under total combustion reaction conditions showing an excellent activity during 45 h time on stream.

关键词： Cl-VOCs perovskites Chlorobenzene Cerium Cobalt Rare earths

plasmonic metal‐organic frameworks

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SmartMat 2021年第4期2卷 446-465页

作者： Guangchao Zheng Isabel pastoriza‐Santos Jorge pérez‐Juste luis M.Liz‐Marzán School of physics and Microelectronics Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina CINBIO Universidade de VigoDepartamento de Química FísicaVigoSpain Galicia Sur Health Research Institute(IIS Galicia Sur) SERGAS‐UVIGOVigoSpain CIC biomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Donostia‐San SebastianSpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red BioingenieríaBiomateriales y NanomedicinaCIBER‐BBNDonostia‐San SebastiánSpain

plasmonic metal‐organic frameworks are composite nanoparticles comprising plasmonic metal nanoparticles(Nps)embedded within a metalorganic framework(MOF)*** a result,not only the functionalities of the individual components are retained,but synergistic effects additionally provide improved chemical and physical *** progress in plasmonic MOFs has demonstrated the potential for nanofabrication and various nanotechnology *** challenges toward plasmonic MOFs have been recently addressed,resulting in new opportunities toward practical a.plications,such as surface‐enhanced Raman scattering,therapy,and *** impact of key parameters(thermodynamic ***)on the synthetic pathways of plasmonic MOFs is reviewed,while providing insight into related progress toward structure‐derived a.plications.

关键词： catalysis drug delivery metal‐organic frameworks nanocomposites plasmonic metal nanoparticles plasmonic MOFs surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy:Rationale and technique

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第2期2卷 68-75页

作者： Santiago González-Moreno luis A González-Bayón Gloria Ortega.pérez peritoneal Surface Oncology program Department of Surgical OncologyCentro Oncológico MD Anderson International Espaa28033 MadridSpain

The combination of complete cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy provides the only chance for long-term survival for selected patients diagnosed with a variety of peritoneal neoplasms,either primary or secondary to digestive or gynecologic *** intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIpEC) delivered in the operating room once the cytoreductive surgical procedure is fi nalized,constitutes the most common form of administration of perioperative intraperitoneal *** may be complemented in some instances with early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EpIC).HIpEC combines the pharmacokinetic advantage inherent to the intracavitary delivery of certain cytotoxic drugs,which results in regional dose intensification,with the direct cytotoxic effect of *** exhibits a selective cell-killing effect in malignant cells by itself,potentiates the cytotoxic effect of certain chemotherapy agents and enhances the tissue penetration of the administered *** chemotherapeutic agents employed in HIpEC need to have a cell cycle nonspecific mechanism of action and should ideally show a heat-synergistic cytotoxic *** of HIpEC requires an a.paratus that heats and circulates the chemotherapeutic solution so that a stable temperature is maintained in the peritoneal cavity during the *** open abdomen (Coliseum) or closed abdomen technique may be used,with no signif icant differences in eff icacy proven to *** ic technical training and a solid knowledge of regional chemotherapy management are *** about safety of the procedure for operating room personnel are expected but are manageable if universal precautions and standard chemotherapy handling procedures are *** HIpEC drug regimens and dosages are currently in use.A tendency for concurrent intravenous chemotherapy administration (bidirectional chemotherapy,so-called "HIpEC plus") has been observed in rece

关键词： Hyperthermia Intracavitary chemotherapy peritoneal neoplasms peritoneal carcinomatosis Cytoreductive surgery

Uncompensated Centrifugal Flow about Accelerated Cosmic Expansion

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World Journal of Mechanics 2021年第4期11卷 83-93页

作者： luis Alberto pé rez pé rez Curiosidad y Exploració n para el Entendimiento y el Conocimiento Valladolid Spain

Currently, we are under the perception of a visible universe which has an accelerated expansion, because repeated evidences obtained by several technics since the well known observations performed by Edwin powell Hubble. The world scientific community was astonished by these observations, and since then until today, countless calculations have been made that only leave the hypothesis of the existence of an unknown cosmic entity that has the particularity of repelling matter from each other when it is sufficiently separated by huge amounts of that entity, which was called as “dark energy”. This “dark energy” is a completely unknown thing, and it is understood by some researchers as the convenient hypothesis, because it is which emerges from deep calculations and observations. Bearing in mind that we already know about all cosmic objects and systems are in rotation, both locally and not so locally, and that everything is full and endowed with intrinsic and extrinsic angular momentum, it seems logical to think that rotational dynamics must also a.ply to the more extensive, and that if locally (and not so locally) we perceive and infer rotating objects everywhere, then they must also exist globally. So, starting from the idea that rotation is omnipresent, at every level of sizes;from the invisibly small to the invisibly large, I thought that it is really wise to cover it through rotation dynamics, or that in the worst case, we cannot ignore the fact of the omnipresent rotation in any entity to infer. And this is the main reason for the resolution and the motivation of the birth of the publication of this study. Based on this seemingly simple idea, these results and conclusions of this study was reached: following a formal logic and evidence of the accelerated unfolding of the cosmic fabric, another hypothesis is proposed as an alternative to the existence of the “dark energy”: The intensities of

关键词： Fields Theory Inertial Fields Rotational Dynamics Angular Momentum Orbitation Macroscopic Bodies Mechanics Dark Energy Dark Matter Centrifugal Action Intermolecular Bonds Cosmic Fabric Inter-Astral Ligatures Gravitational Field Strength