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Nitrogen Leaching in Vegetable Fields in the Suburbs of Shanghai

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Pedosphere 2005年第5期15卷 641-645页

作者： CAO Lin-Kui CHEN Guo-Jun lu yi-tong School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 201101 （China）

Nitrogen (N) leaching in vegetable fields from December 2002 to May 2003 with equal dressings of total N for asequential rotation of Chinese flat cabbage (Brassica chinensis L. var. rosularis) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in asuburban major vegetable production base of Shanghai were examined using the lysimeter method to provide a scientificbasis for rational utilization of nitrogen fertilizers so as to prevent nitrogen pollution of water resources. Results showedthat leached N consisted mainly of nitrate N, which accounted for up to more than 90% of the total N loss and couldcontribute to groundwater pollution. Data also showed that by partly substituting chemical N (30%) in a basal dressingwith equivalent N of refined organic fertilizer in the Chinese flat cabbage field, 64.5% of the leached nitrate N was reduced,while in the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) field, substituting 1/2 of the chemical N in a basal dressing and 1/3 of the chemicalN in a top dressing with equivalent N of refined organic fertilizers reduced 46.6% of the leached nitrate N. In the two-year sequential rotation system of Chinese flat cabbage and lettuce, nitrate-N leaching in the treatment with the highestamount of chemical fertilizer was up to 46.55 kg ha-1, while treatment plots with the highest amount of organic fertilizerhad only 17.58 kg ha-1. Thus, partly substituting refined organic fertilizer for chemical nitrogen in the first two seasonshas a great advantage of reducing nitrate-N leaching.

关键词： leaching loss nitrogen organic fertilizer vegetable field

Combined Effects of Cadmium and Butachlor on Microbial Activities and Community DNA in a Paddy Soil

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 623-630页

作者： WANG Jin-Hua DING Hui lu yi-tong SHEN Guo-Qing College of Resources & Environment Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 (China) Department of Environment and Resource College of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai201101 (China)

Due to frequent soil Cd contamination and wide use of butachlor in China,there is a need to assess their combined toxicity to soil *** combined effects of cadmium(Cd,10 mg kg-1 soil) and herbicide butachlor(10,50,and 100 mg kg-1 soil) on enzyme activities and microbial community structure in a paddy soil were assessed using the traditional enzyme assays and random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) *** results showed that urease and phosphatase activities were significantly reduced by high butachlor concentration(100 mg kg-1 soil).When the concentrations of Cd and butachlor added were at a ratio of 1:10,urease and phosphatase activities were significantly decreased whereas enzyme activities were greatly improved at the ratio of 1:5,which indicated that the combined effects of Cd and butachlor on soil urease and phosphatase activities depended largely on their addition concentration *** amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis showed loss of original bands and appearance of new bands when compared with the control *** amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprints suggested substantial differences between the control and treated soil samples,with apparent changes in the number and size of amplified DNA *** addition of high concentration butachlor and the combined impacts of Cd and butachlor significantly affected the diversity of the microbial *** analysis in conjunction with other biomarkers such as soil enzyme parameters would prove a powerful ecotoxicological *** investigations should be carried out to understand the clear link between RAPD patterns and enzyme activity.

关键词： biomarkers microbial community diversity phosphatase random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis urease

DBN-GABP model for estimation of aircraft wake vortex parameters using Lidar data

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第9期37卷 347-368页

作者： Zhiqiang WEI tong lu Runping GU Fei LIU College of Air Traffic Management Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China

Aircraft wake turbulence is an inherent outcome of aircraft flight,presenting a substan-tial challenge to air traffic control,aviation safety and operational *** upon data obtained from coherent Doppler Lidar detection,and combining Dynamic Bayesian Networks(DBN)with Genetic Algorithm-optimized Backpropagation Neural Networks(GA-BPNN),this paper proposes a model for the inversion of wake vortex *** the wake vortex flow field simulation analysis,the wind and turbulent environment were initially superimposed onto the simulated wake velocity ***,Lidar-detected echoes of the velocity field are simulated to obtain a data set similar to the actual situation for model *** the case study validation,real measured data underwent preprocessing and were then input into the established *** allowed us to construct the wake vortex characteristic parameter inversion *** final results demonstrated that our model achieved parameter inversion with only minor *** a practical example,our model in this paper significantly reduced the mean square error of the inverted velocity field when compared to the traditional *** study holds significant promise for real-time monitoring of wake vortices at airports,and is proved a crucial step in developing wake vortex interval standards.

关键词： Air traffic control Wake vortex flow field simulation Lidar echo simulation DBNmodel GA-BP model Wakevortex characteristic parameter inversion model

Surface iodine and pyrenyl-graphdiyne co-modified Bi catalysts for highly efficient CO_(2) electroreduction in acidic electrolyte

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2381-2387页

作者： Min Zhang Juan Wang Xin Rong Xiu-Li lu tong-Bu lu MOE International Joint Laboratory of Materials Microstructure Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

CO_(2) electroreduction to formic acid/formate would contribute to alleviating the energy and climate *** work reports a Bi-based catalyst derived from the in-situ electroreduction of Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) modified with iodine and pyrenyl-graphdiyne(PGDY)on the surface for efficient electroreduction of CO_(2) in acidic electrolyte,with a high partial current density of 98.71 mA·cm^(-2) and high Faradaic efficiency(FE)>90%over the potential range from^(-1).2 to-1.5 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE),as well as the long-term operational stability over 240 h without degradation in H-type *** results and density function theory calculations show that the synergistic effect of surface iodine and PGDY is responsible for this active and extremely stable process of CO_(2) electroreduction via lowering the energy barriers for formation of*OCHO intermediate,suppressing the competitive HER by enhancing the concentration of both K+and CO_(2) at reaction interface,as well as preventing the dissolution and re-deposition of active Bi atoms on surface during catalytic *** work provides new insight into designing highly active and stable electrocatalysts for CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： CO_(2) reduction electrocatalysis Bi-based catalysts acidic electrolyte

Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) with H_(2)O into C_(2)H_(6) mediated by dual metalation strategy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1381-1383页

作者： Mei Wang tong-Bu lu School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute for New Energy Materials&Low Carbon TechnologiesTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

Artificial solar-energy-driven CO_(2) reduction into value-added fuels under mild conditions provides a promising strategy to mitigate energy crisis and alleviate environmental issues around the world. Among diverse products of CO_(2) reduction reaction, C_(2+) compounds are more desirable in terms of their high energy density and commercial value [1].Thus far, various photocatalysts have been constructed for CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： reduction desirable value

Cobalt-catalyzed reductive alkynylation to construct C(sp)-C(sp^(3))and C(sp)-C(sp^(2))bonds

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 253-258页

作者： Lei Wan yizhou tong Xi lu Yao Fu Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale iChEMCAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant ConversionAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean EnergyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling has emerged as a reliable method for constructing carbon–carbon ***,we report a general method,cobalt-catalyzed reductive alkynylation,to construct C(sp)-C(sp^(3))and C(sp)-C(sp^(2))*** presented reaction has a broad substrate scope,enabling the efficient cross-electrophile coupling between alkynyl bromides with alkyl halides and aryl or alkenyl(pseudo)*** presented reaction is conducted under mild conditions,tolerating many functional groups,thus suitable for the modification and synthesis of biologically active molecules.

关键词： Cobalt-catalysis Cross-electrophile coupling Carbon-carbon bond formation Reductive alkynylation Alkyne synthesis

Electrostatic Encapsulation of Cobalt Ions into Crystalline Framework Derived Polymer Aerogel:Ultra-light,Pressure Resistant,Hydrophobic,Photothermal Conversion,Heat Insulation and Infrared Stealth

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第7期42卷 946-957,I0007页

作者： yi-Fan Kang Jin-lu Tang Ming Song Wei Wang Jia-Cheng Ma Zhan-You Ji tong Liu Wen-Huan Huang China Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710021China College of New Energy Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an710065China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an710127China

A variety of electromagnetic wave absorption materials(EMWAs)have been reported,but the integration of powder materials and multifunctional devices should be investigated in-depth to adapt to practical ***,carbon-coated cobalt composites were prepared by adsorbing magnetic metal cations into an anionic crystalline framework through an electrostatic encapsulate *** reflection loss(RL_(min))of-40.49 d B and effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.36 GHz(RLlulose(CMC)aerogel to create an ultra-lightweight composite aerogel that is compressive resistant and heat-holding while also having photothermal conversion *** hydrophobic modification makes it more widely *** study provides a new strategy for EWAMs to integrate versatility and improve their application prospects.

关键词： Electrostatic incorporation Magnetic nanoparticle Co@CN composites Electromagnetic wave absorbing Metal-organic framework

Interpolated Bumpless Transfer Control for Asynchronously Switched Linear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1579-1590页

作者： Shengao lu tong Wu Lixian Zhang Jianan Yang Ye Liang the School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore IEEE

This paper revisits the problem of bumpless transfer control(BTC) for discrete-time nondeterministic switched linear systems. The general case of asynchronous switching is considered for the first time in the field of BTC for switched systems. A new approach called interpolated bumpless transfer control(IBTC) is proposed, where the bumpless transfer controllers are formulated with the combination of the two adjacent modedependent controller gains, and are interpolated for finite steps once the switching is detected. In contrast with the existing approaches, IBTC does not necessarily run through the full interval of subsystems, as well as possesses the time-varying controller gains(with more flexibility and less conservatism) achieved from a control synthesis allowing for the stability and other performance of the whole switched system. Sufficient conditions ensuring stability and H_(∞) performance of the underlying system by IBTC are developed, and numerical examples verify the theoretical findings.

关键词： Asynchronous switching bumpless transfer H_∞control switched systems

Well-dispersed Sb particles embedded on N-doped carbon nanofibers toward high-performance Li-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2994-3006页

作者： ying Li yi-Han Zhao lu-lu Zhao Peng-Fei Wang ying Xie Ting-Feng yi School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and MaterialsNortheastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

The alloy-type material Sb is widely used in the anode materials of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to its high theoretical specific ***,its serious volume expansion problem during alloying/dealloying of Li~+limits its practical *** this work,C-Sb composite was constructed as anode material of LIBs by electrospinning route for the first time,Sb was introduced into the polyacrylonitrile-based hard carbon and coal tar pitch-based soft carbon composite amorphous carbon fiber with a diameter of 300-600 nm,which realized high cycling *** C-Sb-2(the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile to Sb source is 1:2)electrode displayed charge capacities of 1098.5,930.3,841.7,753.5,643.9 and 545.8 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,1 and 2 A·g^(-1),*** when the current density returned to 0.1 A·g^(-1),the charge capacity was 939.3 mAh·g^(-1),revealing good stability and *** introduction of Sb into the amorphous carbon improved its conductivity and addressed the volume expansion issue of high specific capacity Sb during charge/***-situ XRD analysis confirmed the high reversibility of the C-Sb-2 during charging and *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed the gradual enhancement of the interface interaction between Sb_(x)Li_(y) and amorphous carbon(AMC)with increasing lithium content,contributing to the anchoring of alloy nanoparticles on the AMC surface and buffering the volume change of the ***,the gradual lithiation of Sb facilitated the electron transfer from Sb_(x)Li_(y) to *** findings hold promise for designing lithium storage materials with exceptional performance,highlighting the potential of C-Sb composites as anode materials for efficient next-generation lithium storage.

关键词： Li-ion battery Metallic Sb Carbon Electrospinning Cycling stability