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Progress of vegetation modelling and future research prospects

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2718-2738页

作者： Siqi LI Xu ZHANG Zhengyao lu jian NI jianhua lu State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China British Antarctic Survey Cambridge CB30ETUnited Kingdom Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China

Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of the Earth system,and its changes not only represent one of the most distinct aspects of climate change but also exert significant feedback within the climate system by exchanging energy,moisture,and carbon *** quantitatively and mechanistically study climate-vegetation feedback,numerical vegetation models have been developed on the theory of ecophysiological constraints on plant functional *** models eventually can simulate vegetation distribution and succession across different spatial and temporal scales,and associated terrestrial carbon cycle processes by categorizing vegetation into biomes according different plant functional types and their associated environmental *** we review the developing history of vegetation models and provide recent advances and future *** 21st century,static vegetation models,as developed statistical models,can only simulate equilibrated characteristics of vegetation *** last several decades,Dynamic Global Vegetation Models(DGVMs)have been developed to simulate instantaneous responses of vegetation to climate change and associated dynamics,and can be coupled with Earth system models to investigate interactions among atmosphere,ocean,and *** are also widely applied to investigate the dynamics accounting for changes in the geographic distribution patterns of land surface vegetation at different spatial and temporal scales and to assess the impacts of terrestrial carbon and water fluxes and land use *** suggest that future vegetation modeling could integrate with machine learning,and explore vegetation transient response and feedback as well as impacts of process hierarchies and human activities on climate and ecosystem.

关键词： Vegetation models DGVMs Ecosystems Plant functional types Plant functional traits

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Evolutionary mechanisms and practical significance of reproductive success and clonal diversity in unisexual vertebrate polyploids

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 449-459页

作者： Meng lu Li Zhou jian-Fang Gui State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Hubei Hongshan Laboratorythe Innovation Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Unisexual reproduction is generally relevant to polyploidy, and unisexual vertebrates are often considered an evolutionary “dead end” due to the accumulation of deleterious mutations and absence of genetic diversity. However, some unisexual polyploids have developed strategies to avoid genomic decay, and thus provide ideal models to unveil unexplored evolutionary mechanisms, from the reproductive success to clonal diversity creation. This article reviews the evolutionary mechanisms for overcoming meiotic barrier and generating genetic diversity in unisexual vertebrates, and summarizes recent research advancements in the polyploid Carassius complex. Gynogenetic gibel carp(Carassius gibelio) is a unique amphitriploid that has undergone a recurrent autotriploidy and has overcome the bottleneck of triploid sterility via gynogenesis. recently, an efficient strategy in which ploidy changes, including from amphitriploid to amphitetraploid, then from amphitetraploid to novel amphitriploid, drive unisexual-sexual-unisexual reproduction transition and clonal diversity has been *** on this new discovery, multigenomic reconstruction biotechnology has been used to breed a novel strain with superior growth and stronger disease resistance. Moreover, a unique reproduction mode that combines both abilities of ameiotic oogenesis and sperm-egg fusion,termed as ameio-fusiongensis, has been discovered, and it provides an efficient approach to synthesize sterile allopolyploids. In order to avoid ecological risks upon escape and protect the sustainable property rights of the aquaculture seed industry, a controllable fertility biotechnology approach for precise breeding is being developed by integrating sterile allopolyploid synthesis and gene-editing *** review provides novel insights into the origin and evolution of unisexual vertebrates and into the attempts being made to exploit new breeding biotechnologies in aquaculture.

关键词： unisexual vertebrates polyploidy reproduction transition clonal diversity precise breeding genomic reconstruction controllable fertility

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Intelligent geochemical interpretation of mass chromatograms:Based on convolution neural network

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 752-764页

作者： Kai-Ming Su Jun-Gang lu jian Yu Zi-Xing lu Shi-Jia Chen Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment Wuhan430100HubeiChina College of resources and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100HubeiChina School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChinaXi'an710021ShaanxiChina

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)is an extremely important analytical technique that is widely used in organic *** is the only approach to capture biomarker features of organic matter and provides the key evidence for oil-source correlation and thermal maturity ***,the conventional way of processing and interpreting the mass chromatogram is both timeconsuming and labor-intensive,which increases the research cost and restrains extensive applications of this *** overcome this limitation,a correlation model is developed based on the convolution neural network(CNN)to link the mass chromatogram and biomarker features of samples from the Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,*** this way,the mass chromatogram can be automatically *** research first performs dimensionality reduction for 15 biomarker parameters via the factor analysis and then quantifies the biomarker features using two indexes(*** and PMI)that represent the organic matter thermal maturity and parent material type,***,training,interpretation,and validation are performed multiple times using different CNN models to optimize the model structure and hyper-parameter setting,with the mass chromatogram used as the input and the obtained MI and PMI values for supervision(label).The optimized model presents high accuracy in automatically interpreting the mass chromatogram,with r2values typically above 0.85 and0.80 for the thermal maturity and parent material interpretation results,*** significance of this research is twofold:(i)developing an efficient technique for geochemical research;(ii)more importantly,demonstrating the potential of artificial intelligence in organic geochemistry and providing vital references for future related studies.

关键词： Organic geochemistry Biomarker Mass chromatographic analysis Automated interpretation Convolution neural network Machine learning

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Echo State Network Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation for Edge Intelligence

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 101-111页

作者： jian ZHOU Yuwen jianG Lijie XU lu ZHAO Fu XIAO College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications jiangsu High Technology research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

Echo state network(ESN) as a novel artificial neural network has drawn much attention from time series prediction in edge intelligence. ESN is slightly insufficient in long-term memory, thereby impacting the prediction performance. It suffers from a higher computational overhead when deploying on edge devices. We firstly introduce the knowledge distillation into the reservoir structure optimization, and then propose the echo state network based on improved knowledge distillation(ESN-IKD) for edge intelligence to improve the prediction performance and reduce the computational overhead. The model of ESN-IKD is constructed with the classic ESN as a student network, the long and short-term memory network as a teacher network, and the ESN with double loop reservoir structure as an assistant network. The student network learns the long-term memory capability of the teacher network with the help of the assistant network. The training algorithm of ESN-IKD is proposed to correct the learning direction through the assistant network and eliminate the redundant knowledge through the iterative pruning. It can solve the problems of error learning and redundant learning in the traditional knowledge distillation process. Extensive experimental simulation shows that ESN-IKD has a good time series prediction performance in both long-term and short-term memory, and achieves a lower computational overhead.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Training Performance evaluation Computational modeling Time series analysis Artificial neural networks reservoirs

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Two-layer Lagrange-based relay network topology and trajectory design for solar system explorations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 342-358页

作者： Jun CAO jian JIAO Hao LIU rongxing lu Qinyu ZHANG Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Faculty of Computer Science (FCS) University of New Brunswick

Exploration targeting outer planets and even the edge of the solar system is an emerging direction for the deep-space exploration in the next decades. To address this challenge, a novel two-layer Lagrangebased relay network topology is proposed in this study. Specifically, we utilize the Sun-Mars and Sun-Saturn Lagrange points(LPs) L4 and L5 to build a two-layer backbone relay network, which ensures continuous and high-efficiency communication capability for the exploration of the solar system. Furthermore, we utilize the planetary gravity assist and design the transfer trajectory of backbone relays with the help of planetary celestial body motion equations and Kepler's laws. Moreover, we conduct link budget analysis for multihop relay transmission under Gamma-Gamma distribution, shadowed rician fading, and additive white Gaussian noise channels in several typical exploration scenarios and validate that the LP relays can effectively support future deep-space exploration missions.

关键词： deep-space communication Lagrangian points backbone relay network transfer trajectory relay selection

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An aptamer-driven DNA nanodevice for improved delivery of synthetic immunostimulants

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Nano research 2024年第10期17卷 9078-9083页

作者： Dejie lu Zhenghan Di Lele Li jian Zhao Li Zheng Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ regeneration Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and ApplicationGuangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityGuangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Efficient delivery of therapeutics to immune cells remains a formidable challenge for cancer *** this work,we demonstrate that an aptamer-driven DNA nanodevice,constructed through linkage of a synthetic immunostimulant(Toll-like receptor 9 agonist:CpG motif)to an aptamer,could significantly enhance the immunostimulatory activity by facilitating the uptake and retention of therapeutics in *** administration of the DNA nanodevice results in efficient tumor growth inhibition in both breast cancer and melanoma mouse *** studies suggest that the DNA nanodevice leads to reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages and ultimately to reversing the tumor immune *** strategy for aptamer-mediated and vehicle-free delivery of immunostimulatory oligonucleotides provides a potential platform for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： aptamer immunostimulatory oligonucleotides DNA nanodevice tumor-associated macrophages cancer therapy

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Occurrence and possible sources of antibiotic resistance genes in seawater of the South China Sea

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 27-38页

作者： jian lu Jun Wu Cui Zhang jianhua Wang Xia He CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research(YIC)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental ProcessesYICCASYantai 264003China Yantai research Institute Harbin Engineering UniversityYantai 264006China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541006China

Antibiotic resistance genes(ArGs)might have great effect on ecological security and human *** are important reservoirs that receive tremendous amounts of pollutants ***,information on the proliferation of ArGs in seawater is still *** study performed field sampling to investigate the occurrence and distribution of ArGs in seawater of the South China Sea,which is the deepest and largest sea in *** results showed that the total absolute abundances of ArGs in seawater samples ranged from 2.1×10^(3)to 2.3×10^(4)copies/mL,with an of 5.0×10^(3)copies/mL and a range of 2.2×10^(3)–1.8×10^(4)copies/mL for those with mobile genetic elements(MGEs).Genes resistant to multidrug,aminoglycoside,tetracycline,and fluoroquinolone antibiotics accounted for 77.3%–88.6%of total ArGs in *** and Cyanobacteria represented 32.1%–56.2%and 30.4%–49.5%of microbial community,***_MIT9313 and Clade_la were the prevalent genera in seawater of the South China *** co-occurrence relationship existed among ArGs,MGEs,and *** activities had critical influence on ArGs and *** wastewater,wastewater treatment plant effluent,sewage,aquaculture tailwater,and runoff were determined as the important sources of ArGs in seawater of the South China Sea based on positive matrix factorization analysis.

关键词： The South China Sea Antibiotic resistance genes Mobile genetic element Source apportionment

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Biomimetic soft robotic wrist with 3-DOF motion and stiffness tunability based on ring-reinforced pneumatic actuators and a particle jamming joint

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 774-790页

作者： HU TeTe lu Xinjiang YI jian WANG YuHui XU Du State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance School of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The human wrist, a complex articulation of skeletal muscles and two-carpal rows, substantially contributes to improvements in maneuverability by agilely performing three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) orienting tasks and regulating stiffness according to variations in interaction forces. However, few soft robotic wrists simultaneously demonstrate dexterous 3-DOF motion and variable stiffness;in addition, they do not fully consider a soft-rigid hybrid structure of integrated muscles and two carpal *** this study, we developed a soft-rigid hybrid structure to design a biomimetic soft robotic wrist(BSrW) that is capable of rotating in the x and y directions, twisting around the z-axis, and possessing stiffness-tunable capacity. To actuate the BSrW, a lightweight soft-ring-reinforced bellows-type pneumatic actuator(SrBPA) with large axial, linear deformation(η_(lcmax)=70.6%,η_(lemax)=54.3%) and small radial expansion(η_(demax)=3.7%) is designed to mimic the motion of skeletal muscles. To represent the function of two-carpal rows, a compact particle-jamming joint(PJJ) that combines particles with a membrane-covered ballsocket mechanism is developed to achieve various 3-DOF motions and high axial load-carrying capacity(>60 N). By varying the jamming pressure, the stiffness of the PJJ can be adjusted. Finally, a centrally positioned PJJ and six independently actuated SrBPAs, which are in an inclined and antagonistic arrangement, are sandwiched between two rigid plates to form a flexible,stable, and compact BSrW. Such a structure enables the BSrW to have a dexterous 3-DOF motion, high load-carrying ability,and stiffness tunability. Experimental analysis verify 3-DOF motion of BSrW, producing force of 29.6 N and 36 N and torque of2.2 Nm in corresponding rotations. Moreover, the range of rotational angle and stiffness-tuning properties of BSrW are studied by applying jamming pressure to the PJJ. Finally, a system combining a BSrW and a soft enclosing gripper is proposed to demo

关键词： pneumatic soft actuators particle jamming robotic wrist soft robotics stiffness-tunable

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Block dual Toeplitz Operators on the Orthogonal Complements of Fock Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第8期40卷 1967-1988页

作者： jian Xiang DONG Chun Xu XU Yu Feng lu School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024P.R.China School of Mathematics and Information Science Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006P.R.China

In this paper,we characterize the boundedness and compactness of the block dual Toeplitz operators acting on the orthogonal complement of the Fock spaces,and the compactness of the finite sum of two dual Toeplitz oper... 详细信息

关键词： Block dual Toeplitz operators boundedness compactness Fock space (semi)-commutator

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redox modulated hydrogelation of a self-assembling short peptide amphiphile

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第32期57卷 4296-4303页

作者： CAO ChangHai CAO MeiWen FAN HaiMing XIA DaoHong XU Hai lu jian r The Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Biological Physics Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139JPUnited Kingdom

Hydrogels resulting from the self-assembly of small peptides are smart nanobiomaterials as their nanostructuring can be readily tuned by environmental stimuli such as pH,ionic strength and temperature,thereby favoring their practical *** work reports experimental observations of formation of peptide hydrogels in response to the redox ***-I 3 K-NH 2 is a short peptide amphiphile that readily self-assembles into long nanofibers and its gel formation occurs at concentrations of about 10 mmol/*** of a Cys residue into the hydrophilic region leads to a new molecule,Ac-I 3 CGK-NH 2,that enables the formation of disulfide bonds between self-assembled nanofibers,thus favoring cross-linking and promoting hydrogel *** oxidative environment,Ac-I 3 CGK-NH 2 formed hydrogels at much lower concentrations(even at 0.5 mmol/L).Furthermore,the strength of the hydrogels could be easily tuned by switching between oxidative and reductive conditions and ***,AFM,TEM,and CD measurements revealed little morphological and structural changes at molecular and nano dimensions,showing no apparent influence arising from the disulfide bond formation.

关键词：氧化还原环境水凝胶自组装短肽透射电子显微镜调制纳米结构纳米生物材料

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