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On the Diversity of Long-Term Temperature Responses to Varying Levels of Solar Activity at Ten European Observatories

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Atmospheric and climate Sciences 2019年第3期9卷 498-526页

作者： Vladimir Kossobokov Jean-louis Le Mouel Vincent courtillot Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France

We analyze ten of the longest (127 to 230 year-long) time series of European daily temperatures available from five different Köppen-Geiger climate classes. We split these according to the level of solar cycle activity (H for “higher than median” and L for “lower than median”). This reveals coherent patterns in the temperature differences: when TH-TL?are stacked according to their calendar date, the daily averages from January 1 to December 31st disclose characteristic features in addition to the dominant annual seasonal wave, namely variations up to 2°c lasting for about 1.5 to 3 months. The five observatories at intermediate latitudes in a band from Oxford in the West to Prague in the East (same climate class) have very similar signatures. These similarities are most unlikely to be due to pure chance (confirmed by confidence levels in excess of 99% with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kuiper nonparametric tests). The TH-TL patterns carry a regional signature, modulated by a more local response function. On the other hand, northern European observatories (St Petersburg and Arkhangelsk), those south of the Alps (Milan and Bologna), and the easternmost one in Astrakhan, corresponding to different climate classes, have different signatures. Similarly, preliminary study of long air pressure recordings confirms what emerges from the analysis of temperatures. These new observations lead us to conclude that the climate in different regions presents different responses to variations in solar activity. Moreover, the distributions of the lower, middle, and higher quartiles of the temperature and pressure indices in solar cycles with high versus low activity are significantly different, providing further robust statistical confirmation to this conclusion (confidence level higher to much higher than 99% using the Kuiper test).

关键词： Solar Variability Multi-Decadal Temperature changes Long Temperature Series Nonparametric Hypotheses Testing Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test Kuiper Test

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cETP as a Target in HDL-raising Therapy:lessons from APOE*3-Leiden. cETP Transgenic Mice

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中国动脉硬化杂志 2009年第7期17卷 574-575页

作者： Willeke de Haan Jitske de Vries-van der Weij caroline c. van der Hoogt José W.A. van der Hoorn Johannes A. Romijn J. Wouter Jukema louis M. Havekes Hans M.G. Princen Patrick c.N. Rensen Departments of General Internal Medicine Endocrinologyand Metabolic Diseases Departments of Human Genetics TNO-Biosciences Gaubius Laboratory Departments of cardiology Leiden University Medical Center

Background cardiovascular disease (cVD) is mainly caused by atherosclerosis,for which dyslipidemia (i.e. high (V)LDL-cholesterol (c),high triglycerides and low HDLc is a major risk factor. To reduce the risk to develo... 详细信息

关键词：心血管疾病动脉粥样硬化血脂胆固醇临床分析

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Irrigation Termination Thermal Time and Amount on cotton Lint Yield and Fiber Quality

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第9期7卷 216-234页

作者： Robert J. Lascano R. louis Baumhardt Timothy S. Goebel Jeffrey T. Baker Dennis c. Gitz III Wind Erosion and Water conservation Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS* Lubbock TX USA Soil and Water Management Research Conservation and Production Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Bushland TX USA Wind Erosion and Water conservation Cropping Systems Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Big Spring TX USA

cotton irrigation in the Texas High Plains (THP) is often dictated by the well capacity and not by the water needs of the crop. The source of irrigation-water is the Ogallala aquifer and in many areas of the THP, the water table has declined to well capacities that deliver 1.3 to >7.6 mm/d. There is plenty of information on cotton responses to irrigation frequency and amount;however, information on when to terminate irrigation and its effect on cotton lint yield and fiber quality is scarce. Our objective was to evaluate over a 4-year period three irrigation termination thermal times corresponding to cumulative daily heat units (∑HU) of 890 °c, 1000 °c and 1110 °c from crop emergence, and three levels of irrigation (2.5, 5.1 and 7.6 mm/d) on cotton lint yield and fiber quality. Irrigation was applied with a sprinkler system on a 3-day frequency in Lubbock, TX. Results showed that on average the 7.6 mm/d level produced the most cotton lint yield regardless of the irrigation termination thermal time. Terminating cotton at 1000- °c ∑HU resulted in water savings of 25 to 50 mm for the 2.5 and 5.1 mm/d levels without significantly affecting lint yield. For the 7.6 mm/d and terminating at 890- °c ∑HU resulted in water savings of 100 to 115 mm. Average fiber length statistically increased with termination thermal time and level. This effect was most significant in years with the least rain and warmer air temperature. Micronaire increased with the termination thermal time in years with >500 mm of rain. Average fiber length uniformity and fiber strength were minimally affected by termination thermal time. As irrigation level increased, the average micronaire decreased, and fiber strength increased for the 5.1 and 7.6 mm/d irrigation. We concluded that in the THP for well capacities that deliver 2.5 - 5.1 mm/d irrigation can be terminated when the ∑HU reaches about 1000 °c from emergence without impacting cotton lint yield.

关键词： Irrigation Scheduling Semiarid Limited Water Texas High Plains Evapotranspiration

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Use of sensory substitution devices as a model system for investigating cross-modal neuroplasticity in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1717-1719页

作者： Amy c.Nau Matthew c.Murphy Kevin c.chan UPMc Eye center Ophthalmology and Visual Science Research Center Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Mc Gowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh louis J.Fox center for Vision Restoration University of Pittsburgh Department of Bioengineering Swanson School of Engineering University of Pittsburgh McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh center for the Neural Basis of cognition University of Pittsburgh carnegie Mellon University

Blindness provides an unparalleled opportunity to study plasticity of the nervous system in *** work in this area examined the often dramatic modifications to the visual cortex that result when visual input is completely absent from birth or very early in life（Kupers and Ptito,2014）.More recent studies explored what happens to the visual pathways in the context of acquired *** is particularly relevant as the majority of diseases that cause vision loss occur in the elderly.

关键词： Use of sensory substitution devices as a model system for investigating cross-modal neuroplasticity in humans BOLD

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[cu(2,2'-bpy)cl_2]和[cu(1,10-phen)cl_2]在多金属氧酸盐上的多相化:选择性氧化四氢化萘的新催化剂(英文)

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催化学报 2011年第5期32卷 807-811页

作者： M. BOLTZ A. BLANc G. LAUGEL P.PALE B. louis Laboratoire de Synthkse et Reactivite Organiques Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 CNRS Universitd de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg Cedex France

Mononuclear cu(II)bipyridine(1)and phenantroline complexes(2)were synthesized and immobilized by different procedures on H3PW12O40 polyoxometalate(POM).characterization by XRD and SEM-EDX were performed to assess the preservation of the Keggin structure and stoichiometry of the *** immobilized complexes were tested as heterogeneous catalysts for the partial oxidation of tetralin(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene)using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant in acetonitrile/water as solvent.[cu(2,2'-bpy)cl][H2PW12O40] and[cu(1,10-phen)cl][H2PW12O40]oxidized tetralin at room temperature,with 16%conversion with(2),to 1-tetralone and 2-tetralone with 83%***,the selectivity for 1-tetralone was only 56%.Different preparation methods for the heterogenization of these complexes on the POM Keggin unit were compared and used to enhance the selectivity to 1-tetralone to 75%.

关键词： tetralin partial oxidation cu(II)complexes 2,2’-bipyridine 1,10-phenantroline hydrogen peroxide polyoxometalate

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Mechanical stimulation of the scalp improves the extra-and intracranial blood circulation in humans and mice

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Journal of Traditional chinese Medical Sciences 2020年第4期7卷 366-374页

作者： Yan Tan Fang He ce Zhang Jiani Zhang Ziwei chen Xu Wang Peng Wei Yinan Nan louis Lei Jin Qian Hua School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China School of Traditional chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China International Department China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing100029China International Institute of Systems Medicine Inc.MilwaukeeWI53222USA

Background:Scalp combing,as an ancient method of health care,has been used for thousands of years in traditional chinese *** this method is considered to be beneficial for the blood circulation of the head,the underlying mechanisms remain ***:Both human participants and mice were used in this *** participants,the scalp was stimulated by combing continuously for 5 min,and the temperature was measured using infrared thermal imaging before and after *** mice,the temperature was determined before and at 5,15,and 30 min after a 5-min scalp mechanical stimulation(SMS).Additionally,the vasculature of the mice was labeled with retro-orbital fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran injection,and the capillaries were observed directly under a confocal *** in vivo cLARITY imaging and the spectrofluorometric detection of Evans Blue dye extravasation,the bloodebrain barrier permeability was ***:SMS increased the temperature of the left ear significantly in human(P=.0247)while can slightly increase the temperature of the right ear and the face without significant difference(P>.05).Moreover,SMS can significantly slow the decrease in the temperature of the external auditory canal at 5 min(P=.0153)and in body temperature at 15 min(P=.0295)after SMS whereas no significant difference in body temperature at 30 min(P>.05)compared with control ***,capillaries of the ear with a diameter of less than 8 mm were significantly dilated(P=.0006)following SMS and the number of dextran dots was higher at 15 min(P>.05)and 30 min(F=10.98,P=.037)after SMS intervention compared with control ***:Our study provides strong evidence to support the notion that scalp combing can improve extra-and intracranial blood circulation under healthy conditions.

关键词： Scalp mechanical stimulation Bloodebrain barrier capillary Traditional chinese medicine

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单轴压缩下含预制孔洞板状花岗岩试样力学响应的试验和数值研究

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岩石力学与工程学报 2011年第6期30卷 1198-1206页

作者：李地元李夕兵李春林王毅远中南大学资源与安全工程学院湖南长沙410083 新加坡南洋理工大学土木与环境工程学院新加坡639798 挪威科学技术大学地质与矿物资源工程系

利用挪威Iddefjord花岗岩试样加工制备含双侧预制方形孔洞的板状试样,并在Instron液压伺服控制试验机上开展单轴压缩试验,监测试样的应力、应变、声发射信号特征及试样破坏过程。研究发现,随着轴向应力的增大,试样在平行于孔洞竖直方向... 详细信息

利用挪威Iddefjord花岗岩试样加工制备含双侧预制方形孔洞的板状试样,并在Instron液压伺服控制试验机上开展单轴压缩试验,监测试样的应力、应变、声发射信号特征及试样破坏过程。研究发现,随着轴向应力的增大,试样在平行于孔洞竖直方向的位置相继出现劈裂裂纹并逐渐贯通,孔洞周边岩体出现块体弹射、片帮等应变型岩爆特征。试验研究表明,含孔洞花岗岩试样在单轴压缩下总是从孔洞周边的劈裂破坏开始,试样的声发射曲线比完整岩样存在更多的跳跃突变点。在此基础上,利用FLAc3D对室内试验进行数值模拟,通过线弹性模型分析含孔洞岩石材料的应力分布特性,通过应变软化莫尔-库仑准则模拟岩样的破坏过程,监测各计算时步下单元拉伸和剪切破坏特性;发现单轴压缩下含孔洞岩样的塑形破坏单元以拉伸破坏为主,拉伸破坏单元沿孔洞竖向边界贯通形成劈裂破坏面,这和室内试验观测结果是一致的。研究结果在一定程度上揭示了深部硬岩洞室开挖后,在高地应力作用下总是产生平行于洞室开挖边界面的板裂、片帮破坏现象。

关键词：岩石力学花岗岩劈裂破坏裂纹扩展声发射数值模拟

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caffeoyl Derivatives: Major Antioxidant compounds of Some Wild Herbs of the <i>Asteraceae</i>Family

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 181-192页

作者： Didier Fraisse catherine Felgines Odile Texier Jean-louis Lamaison 不详

The polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of the aerial parts of 18 medicinal or food plants of the As- teraceae family were studied. Five main caffeoyl derivatives were determined individually by HPLc and compared with levels determined by colorimetry for total dihydroxycinnamic derivatives and total phenolics. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of these constituents to the antioxidant activity of the herbs determined by DPPH radical scavenging tests. Significant correlations were found between total phenolic (R2 = 0.8904), total dihydroxycinnamic derivative (R2 = 0.8529) and total caffeoyl derivative (R2 = 0.7172) concentrations and the DPPH-scavenging ability of all herbs. The antioxidant activity of the main constituents, including chicoric acid (Ec50 = 8.24 μmol/l) or 3,5- dicaffeoylquinic acid (Ec50 = 7.62 μmol/l), was very high compared to vitamin c (Ec50 = 15.66 μmol/l). Thus, for each species, antioxidant activity mainly involves the major caffeoyl derivatives. The contribution to antioxidant activity were assessed as 48.92% for 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in Tanacetum parthenium (30.08 g/kg), and 68.96% for chicoric acid in Taraxacum officinale (34.08 g/kg). The main caffeoyl derivatives among polyphenols can be considered as the major antioxidant compounds of the studied Asteraceae herbs.

关键词： Plants Asteraceae caffeoyl Derivatives Antioxidant

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环戊二烯基有机金属化合物的摩擦化学特性

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固体润滑 1991年第4期11卷 257-266页

作者： A.Kadmiri J.Amaudrut M.camelot c.Roques-carmes F.louis T.mathia 周春红 Ecole Nationale Superieure de Mecanique et des Microtechniques(ENSMM 25030 Besancon cedex France Ecole centrale 69131 Ecully CedexFrance

本文首先阐述了一些过渡金属配合物的摩擦学特性。根据配位化学的概念和有关配合物与金属表面间发生摩擦化学反应的假说,将所测试的有机金属配合物分成了3类。从摩擦学的要求来看,一些铌的硫代共价配合物显示了良好的摩擦学特性,可以与... 详细信息

本文首先阐述了一些过渡金属配合物的摩擦学特性。根据配位化学的概念和有关配合物与金属表面间发生摩擦化学反应的假说,将所测试的有机金属配合物分成了3类。从摩擦学的要求来看,一些铌的硫代共价配合物显示了良好的摩擦学特性,可以与二硫化钼及石墨之类的固体润滑剂相比。然后,利用红外吸收光谱和核磁共振波谱分别直接地和间接地分析了这些铌的硫代化合物的摩擦化学反应。红外光谱提供了所谓第三体(即润滑剂降解残留物)和转移膜分子结构的数据,核磁共振波谱给出了摩擦前原始分子的电离特性。转移膜的非腐蚀接枝与双核表面配合物的形成有关。依照Lewis酸碱规则,润滑剂的碱度是一个决定性的因素。

关键词：过渡金属配合物环戊二烯摩擦化学配位化学

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基于主动轮廓模型的运动线虫中心线定位算法

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中国科学：数学 2016年第7期46卷 1005-1016页

作者：毛珩李宣成李海文 TAO louis 周铁北京大学数学科学学院数学及其应用教育部重点实验室北京100871 北京大学生命科学学院北京100871

通过光学成像手段研究秀丽隐杆线虫(以下简称线虫)感知行为与对应神经系统中神经元及神经环路之间的反应和调控机制有重要的科学意义.开展上述研究需要对自由无约束运动下的线虫感兴趣区域(包含特定神经元/环路的区域)进行凝视追踪成像... 详细信息

通过光学成像手段研究秀丽隐杆线虫(以下简称线虫)感知行为与对应神经系统中神经元及神经环路之间的反应和调控机制有重要的科学意义.开展上述研究需要对自由无约束运动下的线虫感兴趣区域(包含特定神经元/环路的区域)进行凝视追踪成像.为此,本文开展线虫中心曲线定位算法研究,由此建立线虫活动坐标系.现有的线虫中心曲线定位算法是基于骨架化直接计算其中心曲线,然而在实际成像中,线虫身体严重扭曲会造成自身粘连甚至成卷,此外多个线虫之间、线虫与环境物体之间也会出现粘连,这都将改变线虫身体图像的拓扑结构,从而导致中心曲线定位算法失效.本文提出基于主动轮廓模型(active contour model)的中心曲线优化迭代求解方法.不同于通过线虫区域计算线虫中心曲线的直接求解思路,本文提出的方法通过预估的中心曲线来构造当前的线虫区域,再利用成像系统采集的真实图像进行修正,并对预估的中心曲线加以平滑性和均匀性等正则项约束,由此建立能量模型并转化为迭代求解能量函数的最小化问题.本文推导离散形式下的目标函数表达式,给出构造线虫区域的方法,并选择动态规划方法迭代求解能量最小问题.本文通过计算大量实际数据,验证新算法的可行性和有效性.特别是在线虫图像发生不同粘连的复杂情形下,新方法依然能够准确提取线虫中心曲线.

关键词：秀丽隐杆线虫感兴趣区域运动追踪主动轮廓模型动态规划

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