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秸秆沼气反应器材料比较与结构优化

中国沼气 2017年第2期35卷 86-89页

作者：黄海龙沈飞罗涛梅自力农业部沼气科学研究所四川成都614100 四川农业大学环境学院四川成都614100

我国是农业大国,每年大量的农作物秸秆露天焚烧导致严重的环境问题。秸秆沼气化利用可有效处理废弃物,并生产清洁能源—沼气。但现有秸秆发酵装置,在建筑技术和反应器设计等方面存在诸多问题,使其容易出现建设质量不高、进出料堵塞、发... 详细信息

我国是农业大国,每年大量的农作物秸秆露天焚烧导致严重的环境问题。秸秆沼气化利用可有效处理废弃物,并生产清洁能源—沼气。但现有秸秆发酵装置,在建筑技术和反应器设计等方面存在诸多问题,使其容易出现建设质量不高、进出料堵塞、发酵效率低、不能长期稳定运行等问题。文章从发酵装置入手,比较选出适于农村大面积推广的反应器制作材料—玻璃钢塑料;分析比较现有农作物秸秆厌氧发酵装置,认为"高浓度大颗秸秆沼气发酵装置"性能更好,适合于农村推广,对其结构提出改进意见,以期提高秸秆发酵效果。

关键词：秸秆发酵装置材料沼气结构优化

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 205-215页

作者： Cong Geng Kuanxiang Zhang Changhua Wang Chung Hsien Wu Jiwen Jiang fei long Liyuan Han Qifeng Han Yi‑Bing Cheng Yong Peng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China Triumph Photovoltaic Materials Co. Ltd.No.1001 Yannan AvenueHigh‑Tech Development DistrictBengbuAnhui 233000People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)***,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device *** this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK *** addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain ***,LiF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing *** a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our *** validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.

关键词： PVK/CIGS TSCs Irregular rough surfaces Modulating the growth PVK/C60 interface recombination

Prediction and stratification for the surgical adverse events after minimally invasive esophagectomy:A two-center retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 50-61页

作者： Qi-Hong Zhong Jiang-Shan Huang fei-long Guo Jing-Yu Wu Mao-Xiu Yuan Jia-Fu Zhu Wen-Wei Lin Sui Chen Zhen-Yang Zhang Jiang-Bo Lin Department of Thoracic Surgery Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina The Graduate School Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Thoracic Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan UniversityJi’an 343000Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE)is a widely accepted treatment for esophageal cancer,yet it is associated with a significant risk of surgical adverse events(SAEs),which can compromise patient recovery and long-term *** preoperative identification of high-risk patients is critical for improving *** To establish and validate a risk prediction and stratification model for the risk of SAEs in patients with *** This retrospective study included 747 patients who underwent MIE at two centers from January 2019 to February *** were separated into a train set(n=549)and a validation set(n=198).After screening by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,multivariate logistic regression analyzed clinical and intraoperative variables to identify independent risk factors for SAEs.A risk stratification model was constructed and validated to predict the probability of *** SAEs occurred in 10.2%of patients in train set and 13.6%in the validation *** with SAE had significantly higher complication rate and a longer hospital stay after *** key independent risk factors identified included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,a history of alcohol consumption,low forced expiratory volume in the first second,and low albumin *** stratification model has excellent prediction accuracy,with an area under the curve of 0.889 for the training set and an area under the curve of 0.793 for the validation *** The developed risk stratification model effectively predicts the risk of SAEs in patients undergoing MIE,facilitating targeted preoperative interventions and improving perioperative management.

关键词： Surgical adverse events Minimally invasive esophagectomy Esophageal cancer Stratification model Perioperative management

Innovative Strategies for Overall Water Splitting Using Nanostructured Transition Metal Electrocatalysts

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2022年第4期5卷 286-315页

作者： Asad Ali fei long Pei Kang shen Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metal and Featured MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004PR China Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004China

Electrochemical water splitting is regarded as the most auspicious technology for renewable sources,transport,and storage of hydrogen ***,noble Pt metal and noble-metal oxides(IrO_(2)and RuO_(2))are recognized as state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),*** for earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the HER and OER with remarkable performance and high stability to replace precious metals plays a significant role in the commercial application of electrochemical water *** this review,recent advancements in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are assessed through the selected examples of nitrides,carbides,phosphides,sulfides,borides,layered double hydroxides,and *** breakthroughs in nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts are discussed in terms of their mechanisms,controllable production,structural design,and innovative strategies for boosting their *** instance,most nanostructured transition metal electrocatalysts for overall water splitting(OWS)only function well in neutral and alkaline ***,current research challenges and future perspectives for increasing the performance of nanostructured transition metals for OWS are proposed.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) Oxygen evolution reaction(OER) Overall water splitting(OWS) Transition metal electrocatalyst Innovative strategies Basic electrochemistry

“Y型柱”大柱跨、大层高车站结构受力特性研究

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山西建筑 2025年第1期51卷 60-64页

作者：沈飞西南交通大学四川成都610031

伴随着国内城市轨道交通的高速建设,我们的规划设计对地铁车站的空间形式以及其区间隧道断面的结构形式提出了更多的新需要,为了满足居民对城市地下结构空间高利用率、环境高观赏性等多方位的需求,大跨度、高断面、宽柱距、异形柱等各... 详细信息

伴随着国内城市轨道交通的高速建设,我们的规划设计对地铁车站的空间形式以及其区间隧道断面的结构形式提出了更多的新需要,为了满足居民对城市地下结构空间高利用率、环境高观赏性等多方位的需求,大跨度、高断面、宽柱距、异形柱等各种独具特色的地下结构也陆续出现。相比于传统立柱,设置大跨度Y型柱的车站结构成为了一种全新的结构,相比于传统车站结构,其所能提供的实际空间宽敞得多。为了研究这种采用新型结构的地铁车站的受力特性,以广州地铁彩虹桥站为工程案例,使用MIDAS软件建立三维模型并划分实网格,采用FLAC3D软件重点分析了车站梁沉降和应力,Y型柱的应力变化规律。

关键词：大跨度地铁车站 Y型柱有限差分元

土壤中铬价态转化的影响因素与作用机制研究进展

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岩矿测试 2025年第1期44卷 35-50页

作者：陈俊茹沈亚婷刘菲国家地质实验测试中心北京100037 中国地质大学(北京) 北京100083 自然资源部生态地球化学重点实验室北京100037

土壤中铬(Cr)污染是全球性环境问题,六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)因其高毒性及致癌性而成为关注焦点。土壤中的Cr主要以Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的形式存在,两者之间的转化受到诸如土壤pH值、氧化还原电位(Eh)、天然氧化还原剂、有机质和微生物的影响。随着工农... 详细信息

土壤中铬(Cr)污染是全球性环境问题,六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)因其高毒性及致癌性而成为关注焦点。土壤中的Cr主要以Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的形式存在,两者之间的转化受到诸如土壤pH值、氧化还原电位(Eh)、天然氧化还原剂、有机质和微生物的影响。随着工农业活动的增多,土壤中的Cr浓度不断增加,并通过植物吸收进入食物链等多种途径,对生态系统和人体健康构成威胁。本文对Cr在全球范围内的污染现状及来源、土壤中Cr的不同价态及其毒性特征进行了评述,并分析了pH、Eh对土壤中Cr的具体存在形态与价态的影响,及天然氧化还原剂、有机质等因素利用自身化学性质充当电子供体或受体的角色对土壤中Cr价态进行转化的氧化还原机理,以及不同影响因素之间的相互作用关系,从而可以全面理解土壤中Cr价态转化的行为机制。此外,在对Cr价态影响因素深入了解的基础上,总结了以生物炭和纳米材料为代表的先进修复技术方法,这些材料和方法由于能够将Cr(Ⅵ)有效地还原为毒性较小的Cr(Ⅲ),从而降低生态环境风险,因而是一类具有巨大潜在应用价值的修复材料和修复方法,但大规模应用的可行性及其修复效果仍需要进一步验证。

关键词： Cr污染 Cr价态天然氧化还原剂有机质修复技术

Environmentally sustainable groundwater control during dewatering with barriers:A case study in Shanghai

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Underground Space 2021年第1期6卷 12-23页

作者： Zhi-fei Xie Shui-long shen Arul Arulrajah Suksun Horpibulsuk Department of Civil Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shantou UniversityShantouChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology(Shantou University) Ministry of EducationShantouGuangdong 515063China Department of Civil and Construction Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyVictoria 3122Australia School of Civil Engineering and Center of Excellence in Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure DevelopmentSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand

This paper presents a case study on groundwater control and environmental protection during a deep excavation of the foundation pit for the Liyang Road Station of Metro Line 10 in Shanghai.A three-dimensional finite element simulation model was constructed to quantify the effects of a dewatering process on the environment around the excavation *** understand the decrease in the groundwater level around the foundation pit,the ground settlement and groundwater level were *** the excavation,environmental protection methods were used in the design of the optimal watering system to check its detrimental environmental *** effects of the diaphragm wall and horizontal barrier system were analyzed by varying their insertion depths and the resulting changes in the ground settlement and groundwater level were *** was found that increasing the insertion depth of the diaphragm wall reduced settlement near the excavation site but increased the construction *** diaphragm wall used in combination with a horizontal barrier was found to be effective in arresting the decrease in groundwater level and reducing settlement around the excavation site.

关键词： Dewatering Horizontal barrier Diaphragm wall Ground settlement Drawdown Confined water

Homogenization heat treatment of 2099 Al–Li alloy

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Rare Metals 2014年第1期33卷 28-36页

作者： fei Zhang Jian shen Xiao-Dong Yan Jian-Lin Sun Xiao-long Sun Yin Yang Nonferrous Metals Processing Division General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Abstract The microstructure evolution and composition distribution of as-cast and homogenized 2099 aluminumlithium （Al-Li） alloy were studied by optical microscopy （OM）, differential thermal analysis （DTA）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）, area and line scanning, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and Vickers microhardness test methods. The results show that severe dendrite exists in the as-cast alloy. Cu, Zn, Mn, and Mg distribute unevenly from the grain boundary to inside. The low-melting point nonequilibrium eutectic phases dis- solve into the matrix during the first-step homogenization, whereas the melting point of residual eutectic phases is elevated. After the second-step homogenization, most of the remaining eutectic phases dissolve into the matrix, except a small amount of A1-Cu-Fe phases. An optimized homogenization process of the 2099 A1-Li alloy is developed （515℃ - 18 h ＋ 525℃ - 16 h）, which shows a good agreement with the homogenization kinetic analysis results.

关键词： 2099 A1-Li alloy Homogenization treatment Nonequilibrium eutectic Kinetic analysis

Two-Dimensional Materials for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 176-212页

作者： Xiangqian shen Xuesong Lin Yong Peng Yiqiang Zhang fei long Qifeng Han Yanbo Wang Liyuan Han State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People's Republic of China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices School of Physical Science and TechnologyXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046People's Republic of China Special Division of Environmental and Energy Science College of Arts and SciencesKomaba Organization for Educational ExcellenceUniversity of TokyoTokyo 153-8902Japan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People's Republic of China College of Chemistry Henan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People's Republic of China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of ResourcesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People's Republic of China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)offer low costs and high power conversion ***,the lack of long-term stability,primarily stemming from the interfacial defects and the sus-ceptible metal electrodes,hinders their practical *** the past few years,two-dimensional(2D)materials(e.g.,graphene and its derivatives,transitional metal dichalcogenides,MXenes,and black phosphorus)have been identified as a promising solution to solving these problems because of their dangling bond-free surfaces,layer-dependent electronic band structures,tunable functional groups,and inherent ***,recent progress of 2D material toward efficient and stable PSCs is summarized,including its role as both interface materials and *** discuss their beneficial effects on perovskite growth,energy level alignment,defect passivation,as well as blocking external *** particular,the unique properties of 2D materials to form van der Waals heterojunction at the bottom interface are ***,perspectives on the further development of PSCs using 2D materials are provided,such as designing high-quality van der Waals heterojunction,enhancing the uniformity and coverage of 2D nanosheets,and developing new 2D materials-based electrodes.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Two-dimensional materials Interface engineering Van der Waals heterojunction Electrodes