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Surroundings affect slip length dynamics in nanoscale friction through contact stiffness and damping

Friction 2023年第2期11卷 216-227页

作者： Simona SKURATOVSKY liron agmon Enrico GNECCO Ronen BERKOVICH Department of Chemical Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8410501Israel Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian UniversityLojasiewicza 11Krakow 30-348Poland Ilze Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8410501Israel

Friction force microscopy (FFM) explores the interaction in a sliding contact on the nanoscale, providing information on the frictional dynamics and lateral contact stiffness with lattice resolution. Recent FFM measurements on a NaCl crystal immersed in liquid (ethanol) surroundings displayed an increase of the effective contact stiffness, K_(eff), with the applied load, differently from similar measurements performed under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions, where K_(eff) showed negligible load dependency. Additionally, under UHV conditions multiple slip length friction with increasing load was reported, while in ethanol surroundings only single (lattice unit length) slips were observed. Our current understanding of this behavior relates the transition from single jumps to multiple jumps dynamics to the normal load (manifested through the amplitude of the interaction potential at the contact, U0) and to the damping of the system. Here we have incorporated the effect of the load dependency on both U0 and K_(eff) within Prandtl‒Tomlinson based simulations, accompanied by variations in the damping coefficient of the system. Introducing the experimentally observed load dependency to K_(eff) resulted indeed in single slip jumps at critical damping, while multiple slip jumps were obtained at constant K_(eff). The average slip length increased with the normal load, particularly when the system became underdamped. Our work provides a glimpse on the relation between the characteristic observables in atomic-scale sliding friction (maximal slip forces, stiffness, and slip dynamics) with respect to their governing parameters (corrugation energy, effective stiffness, and damping). While common understanding in nanotribology relates the effect of surrounding media mainly to the interaction potential at the contact, here we show that the media can also greatly affect the elastic interaction, and consequently play an important role on the transition from single to multiple stick-s

关键词： friction force microscopy(FFM) nanoscale friction multiple jumps Prandtl‒Tomlinson model effective stiffness damping

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Yaw stability control for a rear double-driven electric vehicle using LPV-H∞ methods

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第7期61卷 82-94页

作者： Yonathan WEISS liron I.ALLERHAND Shai AROGETI Department of Mechanical Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Bio Catch

This paper presents a new yaw stability controller for a rear double-driven electric vehicle. A linear parameter varying(LPV) model of the vehicle is formulated using longitudinal speed measurement and tire cornering stiffness estimation. The LPV model is then utilized to design a gain-scheduled H∞controller with guaranteed stability. Results from simulations, performed with Car Sim, show that the new controller improves the vehicle performance and handling even in extreme maneuvers and that it is robust to model parameter uncertainties.

关键词： yaw stability control electric vehicle torque vectoring H_∞ control gain-scheduling

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Drug Induced Liver Injury: Review with a Focus on Genetic Factors, Tissue Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第2期3卷 99-108页

作者： Tawfik Khoury Ayman Abu Rmeileh liron Yosha Ariel A.Benson Saleh Daher Meir Mizrahi Department of Medicine Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Department of Gastroenterology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Center for Advanced Endoscopy Harvard Medical School Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston MA USA

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare but potentially life threatening adverse drug *** may mimic any morphologic characteristic of acute or chronic liver disease,and the histopathologic features of DILI may be indistinguishable from those of other causes of liver injury,such as acute viral *** this review article,we provide an update on causative agents,clinical features,pathogenesis,diagnosis modalities,and outcomes of *** addition,we review results of recently reported genetic studies and updates on pharmacological and invasive treatments.

关键词： DILI Hepatotoxicity Treatment

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The evolving role of DNA damage response in overcoming therapeutic resistance in ovarian cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第2期6卷 345-357页

作者： Sara Bouberhan liron Bar-Peled Yusuke Matoba Varvara Mazina Lauren Philp Bo R.eda Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vincent Center for Reproductive BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115 USA Division of Gynecologic Oncology Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA

Epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)is treated in the first-line setting with combined platinum and taxane chemotherapy,often followed by a maintenance poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibitor(PARPi).Responses to first-line treatment are *** many patients,however,responses are suboptimal or *** the last several years,multiple new classes of agents targeting DNA damage response(DDR)mechanisms have advanced through clinical *** this review,we explore the preclinical rationale for the use of ATR inhibitors,CHK1 inhibitors,and WEE1 inhibitors,emphasizing their application to chemotherapy-resistant and PARPi-resistant ovarian *** also present an overview of the clinical development of the leading drugs in each of these classes,emphasizing the rationale for monotherapy and combination therapy approaches.

关键词： Ovarian cancer platinum resistance PARPi resistance DDR

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Para-tracheal neck dissection-is dissection of the upper part of level Ⅵ necessary?

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第3期6卷 171-175页

作者： Avi Khafif liron Malka Yosef The Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology Unit A.R.M Center for Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryAssuta Medical CenterAffiliated with Ben Gurion University of the NegevTel AvivIsrael Deportment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryKoplan Medical CenterAffiliated with the Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael

Papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)has a high propensity for regional metastases,however,the impact of such metastases on the outcome of the patients is *** central compartment of the neck is considered the first and the most common echelon of metastases from thyroid *** examination along with ultrasonography are the gold standard pre-operative evaluation of patients with *** is highly sensitive in evaluating lateral neck nodes,however,its value in evaluating the central compartment is limited,resulting in a relatively high rate of occult metastases in this *** main potential complications of para-tracheal neck dissection(PTND)are recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and hypocalcemia and these may be higher in patients undergoing PTND compared to thyroidectomy *** histological data is available showing no evidence of lymph nodes in the central compartment above a level parallel to the inferior border of the cricoid *** findings support withholding dissection of the upper para-tracheal region routinely as a part of PTND in patients with well-differentiated thyroid *** doing that,the complications may be lower and identical to thyroidectomy alone,thus may abolish arguments against more common use of elective PTND in patients with thyroid carcinoma.

关键词： LevelⅥ Paratracheal neck dissection Upper limit of paratracheal neck dissection

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Blood glucose changes surrounding initiation of tumor-necrosis factor inhibitors and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第2期9卷 53-58页

作者： Patrick R Wood Evan Manning Joshua F Baker Bryant England Lisa Davis Grant W Cannon Ted R Mikuls liron Caplan Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Pennsylvania Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Nebraska Denver Health and Hospital Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado George Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Utah

AIM To determine the scope of acute hypoglycemic effects for certain anti-rheumatic medications in a large retrospective observational study. METHODS Patients enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were selected who, during follow-up, initiated treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi's, including etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, or certolizumab), prednisone, or conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs), and for whom proximate random blood glucose (RBG) measurements were available within a window 2-wk prior to, and 6 mo following, medication initiation. Similar data were obtained for patients with proximate values available for glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values within a window 2 mo preceding, and 12 mo following, medication initiation. RBG and A1C measurements were compared before and after initiation events using paired t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis was performed including established comorbidities and *** Two thousands one hundred and eleven patients contributed at least one proximate measurement surrounding the initiation of any examined medication. A significant decrease in RBG was noted surrounding 653 individual hydroxychloroquine-initiation events(-3.68 mg/dL, P = 0.04), while an increase was noted for RBG surrounding 665 prednisone-initiation events(+5.85 mg/d L, P < 0.01). A statistically significant decrease in A1C was noted for sulfasalazine initiation, as measured by 49 individual initiation events(-0.70%, P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analyses, using methotrexate as the referent, suggest sulfasalazine (β =-0.58, P = 0.01) and hydroxychloroquine(β =-5.78, P = 0.01) use as predictors of lower post-medicationinitiation RBG and A1C values, respectively. Analysis by drug class suggested prednisone (or glucocorticoids) as predictive of higher medication-initiation event RBG among all start events as compared to DMARDs, while this analysis did not

关键词： Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Drug toxicity Glucocorticoids Rheumatoid arthritis Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors

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Vaginal Robotic Supracervical Hysterectomy in an Ovine Animal Model: The Proof of Concept

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第8期9卷 1114-1129页

作者： Jonia Alshiek liron Bar-El S. Abbas Shobeiri Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology INOVA Women’s Hospital Falls Church VA USA Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Hillel Yaffe Medical Center Hadera Israel Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Lenox Hill Hospital/Northwell Health New York USA Department of Bioengineering George Mason University Fairfax VA USA

Objective: To gain insight into the feasibility and safety of a novel vaginal robot for performing supracervical hysterectomy in an ovine model. Introduction: The clinical application of transvaginal natural or fice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) has broadened significantly. vNOTES reduces wound complications such as infection, hematoma formation, or herniation and is currently utilized for hysterectomy, adnexal surgery, myomectomy, and staging surgery for endometrial cancer. Robotic assistance has been proposed to overcome the current vNOTES mechanical obstacles. The implementation of the current robots has limited utility due to their bulk and inflexibility. Robotic Natural Orifice Transluminal Surgery (rNOTES) is the new frontier in advancement of surgical robots. In developing new task specific robots, it is important to utilize an accurate model for testing. A novel vaginal robot introduced through the posterior cul-de-sac to perform a complete retrograde hysterectomy is the subject of this study. Methods: The study was conducted at the animal lab, Asaf-Harofe hospital, Israel. The ovine model was preferred since the anatomical landmarks and vascular anatomy are comparable to the human except for a bicornuate uterus in sheep. A vaginal robotic supra-cervical hysterectomy was performed in a sheep. Results: A vaginal robotic supracervical hysterectomy was performed successfully in an ovine model. The uterus was extracted via the entry point in the pouch of Douglas. 20 cc of blood loss was reported and no complications were observed. Conclusions: Vaginal supracervical hysterectomy via a vaginal approach using a novel robotic system was found to be feasible.

关键词： Hysterectomy Robot Supracervical Robotic Vaginal vNOTES

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The Feasibility of Flat, Portable and Wireless Device for Non-Invasive Peripheral Oxygenation Measurement over the Entire Body

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第3期9卷 147-159页

作者： Zehava Ovadia-Blechman Omri Gino liron Dandeker Nadav Sheffer Erik Baltaxe Vered Aharonson Medical Engineering Department Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering Tel Aviv Israel Electrical Engineering Department Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering Tel Aviv Israel Pulmonary Diseases and Internal Medicine Institute Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Israel School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

Peripheral oxygenation level (SpO2) can provide vital information on body functions. Continuous monitoring facilitates effective diagnosis and treatment and can even be lifesaving. Clinical device monitor SpO2 using a clip, and measure light transmission through the tissue. This method limits the body locations of the clip’s placement and is sensitive to body movement, which hampers continuous SpO2 monitoring during wakefulness or sleep, thus decreasing its usability in clinics and its accessibility in homecare usage. We developed a portable, wireless, flat and low cost prototype for continuous monitoring of SpO2 that overcomes those limitations. The prototype enables convenient measurement in larger variety of body locations by spectrophotometric measurements of changes in the optical reflectance unlike other device that measure absorption through the tissue. The original design and signal processing enable reliable signal acquisition, synchronization and control. An Android’s application was developed to provide a user friendly interface for results display on smartphones. The prototype’s measurements were compared to commercial device that simultaneously measured heart rate frequency, transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) and SpO2. The prototype’s measurements accurately reflected changes caused by blood pulses, were correlated to the heart rate, and were sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation. Excellent real time behavior and synchronization were demonstrated between the hardware and smartphone software. Our prototype thus enables convenient SpO2 measurement over the entire body, while maintaining accuracy comparable to commercial device. Its smartphone application enables accessible and understandable results display to patients, care-givers and healthcare professionals. The application’s display and alert calibration flexibility facilitates the prototype’s usage in changing medical

关键词： Peripheral Oxygen Saturation Noninvasive Monitoring Medical Application Pulse Oximetry

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试论隋唐时期泾州在丝绸之路上的地位

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乐山师范学院学报 2015年第9期30卷 71-75页

作者：曾丽荣西北大学丝绸之路研究院陕西西安710069

泾州佛教文化的繁荣在隋唐时期达到全盛,这得益于泾州在丝绸之路上的重要地位。丝绸之路北线途经泾州,东西贸易往来频繁,交通便利。经泾州可东进中原,西达西域。泾州历来为兵家必争之地,唐与吐蕃为争夺泾州曾发动了数十次战争,足见其战... 详细信息

泾州佛教文化的繁荣在隋唐时期达到全盛,这得益于泾州在丝绸之路上的重要地位。丝绸之路北线途经泾州,东西贸易往来频繁,交通便利。经泾州可东进中原,西达西域。泾州历来为兵家必争之地,唐与吐蕃为争夺泾州曾发动了数十次战争,足见其战略地位的险要。

关键词：隋唐时期泾州丝绸之路

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煤和重油同时转化为优质运输燃料

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煤炭转化 1988年第3期 29-34页

作者： F.G.Boehm A.liron 王志忠加拿大煤液化公司

将煤和重油/沥青同时加氢生产优质运输燃料(高辛烷值汽油和高质量的蒸馏燃料——主要是高十六烷值柴油)在工业上是很有可能的。最近进行的可行性研究表明,用阿尔伯达次烟煤和重油/沥青生产的优质运输燃料是能够同用重油、沥青或油砂生... 详细信息

将煤和重油/沥青同时加氢生产优质运输燃料(高辛烷值汽油和高质量的蒸馏燃料——主要是高十六烷值柴油)在工业上是很有可能的。最近进行的可行性研究表明,用阿尔伯达次烟煤和重油/沥青生产的优质运输燃料是能够同用重油、沥青或油砂生成的合成燃料相竟争的。由于阿尔伯达贮藏有大量的次烟煤、重油、沥青和天然气(用于制氢),因此在阿尔伯达省将这种工艺进行工业化有着最好的条件。用这种工艺生产优质运输燃料,除可以有效利用本地资源外,还有助于缓和加拿大本国在80年代末、90年代及以后的时间内轻质原油的短缺,减少加拿大对进口原油的依赖。文中比较了两种不同的煤与重油/沥青同时加氢的工艺,一个是经典的两段煤液化工艺加上重油中度提质的加氢路线,一个是新开发的煤中度加氢与氢存在下延迟焦化相结合的Pyrosol工艺。在每一种工艺中,通过重油在低度加氢装置和煤液化装置中平行加工,都可得到较高的液体收率。结果表明,总液体收率(丁烷、汽油和蒸馏燃料加在一起)可达总有机原料(重油加无水无灰基煤)的73～75％。用两种工艺从煤和重油来生产优质运输燃料都是可行的。根据计算中采用的财政和成本参数的不同,低估的纯利润率是20—30％。

关键词：重油次烟煤氢处理石油燃料残渣油渣油运输燃料加氢工艺加氢化工单元操作

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