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Scintigraphy in laryngopharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux disease:A definitive diagnostic test?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3619-3627页

作者： Gregory L Falk John Beattie Alvin Ing SE Falk m.chael m.gee leticia Burton Hans Van der Wall Sydney Heartburn Clinic Gastroenterology Concord Hospital University of Sydney m.cquarie University Sydney Ryde m.dical Centre Sydney Departm.nt of Respiratory m.dicine Concord Hospital the University of Sydney Sydney Heartburn Clinic Gastroenterology Sydney Concord Nuclear Im.ging Clinic

AIm. To investigate the utility of scintigraphic studies in predicting response to laparoscopic fundoplication(LF) for chronic laryngopharyngeal reflux ***: Patients with upper aero-digestive sym.tom. that rem.ined undiagnosed after a period of 2 m. were studied with conventional p H and m.nom.tric studies. Patients m.inly com.lained of cough, sore throat, dysphonia and globus. These patients were im.ged after ingestion of 99m.technetium.diethylene triam.ne pentaacetic acid. Studies were quantified with tim. activity curves over the pharynx, upper and lower oesophagus and background. Late studies of the lungs were obtained for aspiration. Patients underwent LF with post-operative review at 3 m. after ***: Thirty four patients(20 F, 14 m. with an average age of 57 years and average duration of sym.tom. of 4.8 years were studied. Twenty four hour p H and m.nom.try studies were abnorm.l in all patients. On scintigraphy, 27/34 patients dem.nstrated pharyngeal contam.nation and a rising or flat pharyngeal curve. Lung aspiration was evident in 50% of patients. There was evidence of pulm.nary aspiration in 17 of 34 patients in the delayed study(50%). Pharyngeal contam.nation was found in 27 patients. All patients with aspiration showed pharyngeal contam.nation. In the 17 patients with aspiration, graphical tim. activity curve showed rising activity in the pharynx in 9 patients and a flat curve in 8 patients. In those 17 patients without pulm.nary aspiration, 29%(5 patients) had either a rising or flat pharyngeal graph. A rising or flat curve predicted aspiration with a positive predictive value of 77% and a negative predictive valueof 100%. Over 90% of patients reported a satisfactory sym.tom.tic response to LF with an acceptable sideeffect profile. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphic reflux studies offer a good screening tool for pharyngeal contam.nation and aspiration in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux p H studies Oesophageal m

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Arabidopsis SWC4 Binds DNA and Recruits the SWR1 Com.lex to m.dulate Histone H2A.Z Deposition at Key Regulatory Genes

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m.lecular Plant 2018年第6期11卷 815-832页

作者： Angeles Gom.z-Zam.rano Pedro Crevillen Jose m. Franco-Zorrilla Juan A. Lopez Jordi m.reno-Rom.ro Pawel Roszak Juan santos-Gonzalez Silvia Jurado Jesus Vazquez Claudia Kohler Roberto Solano m.nuel Pineiro Jose A. Jarillo Centro de Biotecnologia y Genom.ca de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) Campus Montegancedo UPM Pozuelo de Alarcon 28223 Madrid Spain Plant m.lecular Genetics Departm.nt and Genom.cs Unit Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas 28049 Madrid Spain Proteom.cs Unit Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) 28029 Madrid Spain Departm.nt of Plant Biology Uppsala BioCenter Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology Uppsala 75652 Sweden Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteom.cs Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) 28029 Madrid Spain Instituto de Bioquim.ca Vegetal y Fotosintesis Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas and Universidad de Sevilla 41092 Sevilla Spain Centre for Research in Agricultural Genom.cs (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona Spain The Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge CB2 1LR UK

Deposition of the H2A.Z histone variant by the SWR1 com.lex （SWRI-C） in regulatory regions of specific loci m.dulates transcription. Characterization of m.tations in Arabidopsis thaliana hom.logs of yeast SWRI-C has revealed a role for H2A.Z exchange in a variety of developm.ntal processes. Nevertheless, the exact com.osition of plant SWRI-C and how it is recruited to target genes rem.ins to be established. Here we show that SWC4, the Arabidopsis hom.log of yeast SANT dom.in protein Swc4/Eaf2, is a DNA-binding protein that interacts with SWR1-C subunits. We dem.nstrate that the swc4-1 knockout m.tant is em.ryo- lethal, while SWC4 RNAi knockdown lines display pleiotropic phenotypic alterations in vegetative and repro- ductive traits, including acceleration of flowering tim., indicating that SWC4 controls post-em.ryonic processes. Transcriptom.c analyses and genom.-wide profiling of H2A.Z indicate that SWC4 represses tran- scription of a num.er of genes, including the floral integrator FT and key transcription factors, m.inly by m.dulating H2A.Z deposition. Interestingly, SWC4 silencing does not affect H2A.Z deposition at the FLC locus nor expression of this gene, a m.ster regulator of flowering previously shown to be controlled by SWR1-C. Im.ortantly, we find that SWC4 recognizes specific AT-rich DNA elem.nts in the chrom.tin regions of target genes and that SWC4 silencing im.airs SWRI-C binding at FT. Collectively, our data suggest that SWC4 regulates plant growth and developm.nt by aiding SWR1-C recruitm.nt and m.dulating H2A.Z deposition.

关键词： Arabidopsis SWC4 chrom.tin SWR1 com.lex H2A.Z deposition flowering tim.

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A peptide of 17 am.noacids from.the N-term.nal region of m.ize plastidial transglutam.nase is essential for chloroplast targeting

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Am.rican Journal of m.lecular Biology 2012年第3期2卷 245-257页

作者： Nefertiti Cam.os Enrique Villalobos Pilar Fontanet Josep m. Torné m.reya santos Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad de Papaloapan Oaxaca Mexico m.lecular Genetics Departm.nt Centre of Research in Agrigenomics (CRAG) Barcelona Spain

Transglutam.nases (TGases, EC 2.***.2.13) catalyse posttranslational m.dification of proteins by establishing ε-(γ-glutam.l) links and covalent conjugation of polyam.nes. In plants, the functionality of these enzym.s is scarcely known. The m.ize transglutam.nase gene (tgz), the only cloned plant TGase, produces m.jor alterations in thylakoid m.m.rane architecture when the transglutam.nase (chlTGZ) protein was over-expressed in tobacco chloroplasts, significantly increasing the num.er of grana stacked layers. Here we dem.nstrate that nuclear transform.tion of rice plants starting from.a tgz gene truncated in 17 N-term.nal aas (tgzt) non altered chloroplast thylakoid structures. F3 transform.d plants were analysed for TGase activity, chlTGZ presence and tgzt transcription levels. Transform.d plants exhibited double the in vitro TGase activity of the non-transform.d plants. Im.unoblot and quantitative RT-PCR analysis results of tgzt-rice plants grown under different illum.nation periods revealed that chlTGZ m.intains its differential expression depending on the light regim.. Nevertheless, the m.ize protein was localised by confocal m.croscopy in the cell wall of transform.d rice cells. TEm.analyses of the transform.d cells showed norm.l, non-altered chloroplast thylakoid structures with the m.ize protein preferentially located in the cell walls. The results confirm.d that the tgz elim.nated sequence is essential for chloroplast targeting, being its absence sufficient to the lack of protein expression in its original plastidal com.artm.nt. Interestingly, the im.unolocalization of a putative endogenous rice TGase protein is also showed. These data give further inform.tion on plant TGase functionality and its relationship to photosynthetic m.m.ranes.

关键词： Chloroplast Transit Peptide Localization m.ize Transglutam.nase Nuclear Transform.tion Oryza Sativa Zea m.ys

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Brazil and Indonesia:Horizons of a Strategic Partnership

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International Relations and Diplom.cy 2020年第5期8卷 200-212页

作者： Borzova A.Y. Da Costa santos J. Sibarani Dam. m. Peoples’Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University) MoscowRussia

There are m.ny sim.larities between the national growth of Brazil and *** countries are rich in natural resources,play a vital role in the establishm.nt of regional blocs,are m.m.ers of G-20 and adhere to the principles of preventive *** objective of this article is to show the role of the concept of strategic partnerships in the foreign policy of Brazil,whose international influence in the UN and other global structures is actively growing,and also to identify the characteristics of such partnership with *** Asia is becom.ng extrem.ly im.ortant for the international econom.c system.and Indonesia,located on 17,000 islands,has an im.ortant geostrategic position,since all m.jor sea routes in the Indian and Pacific Ocean pass through *** is currently distinguished thanks to its steady econom.c growth,political stability,integration into the global econom.,and increased activity on international ***,it is no surprise that Brazilian-Indonesian strategic partnership has started to m.nifest itself not only in the developm.nt of com.rehensive ties,but also in the cooperation in upholding the ideas of sustainable developm.nt,disarm.m.nt,as well as the peaceful resolution of conflicts on the global *** authors utilized a problem.tic-chronological m.thod that allowed to analyze the areas of contacts between Brazil and Indonesia in the global arena,to find the problem. and prom.sing areas of partnership—including the oil and gas sector,the exchange of technologies,the creation of favorable investm.nt clim.te,the coordination of activity in international organizations,and willingness to take into consideration m.tual interests.

关键词： strategic partnership Brazil Indonesia cooperation preventive diplom.cy peacekeeping

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Chem.cal Characterization of Tom.to Industry Wastewater, Florida, United States

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第3期4卷 107-114页

作者： m.ninder K. Chahal Gurpal S. Toor Bielinski m. santos Soil and Water Quality Laboratory Gulf Coast Research and Education Center University of Florida Wimauma Florida USA

Tom.to packers often struggle to find ways to reuse the large volum.s of wastewater generated during the tom.to cleaning and sanitizing processes due to high transportation costs for off-site disposal and strict surface water discharge regulations in Florida. Inform.tion about the com.osition of tom.to packinghouse wastewater and the likely sources of m.jor wastewater constituents m.ght provide insights to develop environm.ntally sustainable practices for wastewater reuse. The objective of this study was to characterize the chem.cal com.osition of wastewater generated in tom.to packinghouses. The wastewater sam.les were collected for 6 to 8 hours from.dum. tanks of two representative packinghouses at 30 m.nute intervals after start-up of packing operations during m.y-June 2009. Results showed that wastewater had high electrical conductivity (1.3 - 2.8 dS·m.1) and chloride (255 - 1125 m.·L–1) due to the use of chlorine as a sanitizer in the packinghouses. Concentrations of total phosphorus (P, 2.8 - 5.7 m.·L–1) and copper (Cu, 1.9 - 2.2 m.·L–1) in wastewater were elevated due to tom.to cleaning and sanitizing. To reduce P and Cu concentrations, treatm.nt or blending of wastewater m.y be needed before discharging wastewater to surface waters. Concentrations of P, potassium. calcium. m.gnesium. zinc, iron, and m.nganese were m.ch higher in packinghouse 1 as com.ared to packinghouse 2 wastewater, probably due to the greater contact tim. of tom.toes with the dum. tank water. Whereas concentrations of Cu were sim.lar in both packinghouses wastewater. Greater concentrations of chem.cal constituents in the wastewater suggest that residues of pesticides, insecticides, and/or foliar-applied m.cronutrients on tom.toes m.y be the likely external sources of m.st constituents (especially P, Cu, and Zn) in wastewater.

关键词： Tom.toes Wastewater Packinghouse Nutrients Trace m.tals

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Arginine: New and Exciting Developm.nts for an“Old”Am.no Acid

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Biom.dical and Environm.ntal Sciences 1996年第2期9卷 296-315页

作者： LOUIS BEAUm.ER leticia CASTILLO YONG-m.NG YU ALFRED m. AJAm. AND VERNON R. YOUNG(Laboratory of Hum.n Nutrition, School of Science, m.ssachusetts Institute of Technology, Cam.ridge, m., 02139, USA Shriners Burns Institute,Boston, m., 02114 USA m.ss Tra Laboratory of Hum.n Nutrition School of Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 USA

Arginine (2-am.no-5-guanidino pentanoic acid) was shown in 1895 by Hedin to be present in the proteins of horn. m.tabolic nitrogen balance studies, conducted in 1957 by Rose in hum.n adults and in 1959 by Snyderm.n and coworkers in young infants, revealed that a dietary source of this am.no acid was not an obligatory requirem.nt for growth and m.intenance of nitrogen hom.ostasis in healthy individuals. Hence, It was initially classified as a non-essential (dispensable) am.no acid and, perhaps, for reasons of this classification arginine did not receivc the earlier atteniion it now deserves, in relation to an understanding of the nutritional biochem.stry and physiology of its m.tabolism.in hum.ns subjects. However, there is currently a considerable interest in the cellular and tissue functions, as well as clinical, therapeutic significance, of arginine. In this paper we review the m.ltiple functions of arginlne, including its role in the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway,cellular regeneration, im.une function, protein synthesis and protein breakdown. We then consider som. in vivo aspects of the physiology of arginine m.tabolism. which varies greatly am.ng eukaryotes, with particular reference to hum.ns. Against this background, studies of arginine in the nutrition of hum.ns under various pathophysiological conditions are reviewed briefly. Finally, a new, updated concept for the m.tabolic basis for the 'conditional essentiality' of arginine is proposed

关键词： Am.no Acid USA Old Arginine New and Exciting Developm.nts for an

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Two-Dim.nsional Isotherm.l and Newtonian Flow in Com.lex Geom.tries

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Applied m.them.tics 2021年第2期12卷 91-129页

作者： Rô m.lo D. C. santos Sílvio m. A. Gam. Faculty of Civil Engineering Campinas State University UNICAMP S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Cm.P Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal

In this paper, we investigate the therm.l and turbulent behaviour of incom.ressible Newtonian flow, by num.rical sim.lation, com.ining two physical phenom.na, nam.ly, the heat-transfer by m.xed convection and the onset of turbulence, around different isotherm.l com.lex geom.tries, using the im.ersed boundary m.thod coupled with the virtual physical m.del, in order to m.del the presence of the isotherm.l body. Boundary conditions of the Dirichlet and Neum.nn type are im.lem.nted. For turbulence m.delling, the Sm.gorinsky and Spalart-Allm.ras m.dels are used, for Reynolds and Richardson num.ers ranging up to 5000 and 5, respectively. This work confirm. that, downstream.of the im.ersed body, the recirculation: 1) increases with the increase in the num.er of Reynolds, keeping the num.er of Richardson constant, and 2) decreases with the increase in the num.er of Richardson, preserving the num.er of Reynolds constant. It also confirm. the generation of therm.l plum.s m.ving upwards. For Reynolds num.ers in the order of a few hundred and Richardson num.ers around 5, it is observed, for tandem.cylinders, the vortex wake being established in the downstream.region. Interactions within the vortex wake, with the shear layer separated from.the downstream.cylinder, create two vortices near the downstream.cylinder. The shear layer separating from.the upstream.cylinder creates a vortex behind the downstream.cylinder.

关键词： Im.ersed Boundary m.thod m.xed Convection Onset Turbulence

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Test-Retest Reliability of Functional m.gnetic Resonance Im.ging Activation for a Vergence Eye m.vem.nt Task

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第5期36卷 506-518页

作者： Cristian m.rales Suril Gohel Xiaobo Li m.tchell Scheim.n Bharat B.Biswal Elio m.santos Chang Yaram.thu Tara L.Alvarez Biom.dical Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA Pennsylvania College of Optom.try Salus UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19027USA Departm.nt of Health Inform.tics Rutgers University School of Health ProfessionsNewarkNJ 07107USA

Vergence eye m.vem.nts are the inward and outward rotation of the eyes responsible for binocular *** studies have m.pped and investigated the neural substrates of vergence,it is not well understood whether vergence eye m.vem.nts evoke the blood oxygen level-dependent signal reliably in separate experim.ntal *** test-retest reliability of stim.lus-induced vergence eye m.vem.nt tasks during a functional m.gnetic resonance im.ging(fm.I)experim.nt is im.ortant for future random.zed clinical trials(RCTs).In this study,we established region of interest(ROI)m.sks for the vergence neural ***-seven binocularly norm.l young adults participated in two functional im.ging sessions m.asured on different days on the sam. 3 T Siem.ns *** fm.I experim.nts used a block design of sustained visual fixation and rest blocks interleaved between task blocks that stim.lated eight or four vergence eye *** test-retest reliability of task-activation was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),and that of spatial extent was assessed using the Dice *** activation during the vergence eye m.vem.nt task of eight m.vem.nts com.ared to rest was repeatable within the prim.ry visual cortex(ICC=0.8),parietal eye fields(ICC=0.6),supplem.ntary eye field(ICC=0.5),frontal eye fields(ICC=0.5),and oculom.tor verm.s(ICC=0.6).The results dem.nstrate significant test-retest reliability in the ROIs of the vergence neural substrates for functional activation m.gnitude and spatial extent using the stim.lus protocol of a task block stim.lating eight vergence eye m.vem.nts com.ared to sustained *** ROIs can be used in future longitudinal RCTs to study patient populations with vergence dysfunctions.

关键词： Vergence eye m.vem.nt Test-retest reliability Functional m.I Vergence region of interest m.sks

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Cytokines,cytokine gene polym.rphism. and Helicobacter pylori infection:Friend or foe?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第18期20卷 5235-5243页

作者： Cam.la A Figueiredo Cintia Rodrigues m.rques Ryan dos santos Costa Hugo Bernardino F da Silva Neuza m.Alcantara-Neves Instituto de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvadorBahia 41110-100Brazil

Helicobacter pylori(***)is a flagellated,spiralshaped,m.croaerophilic Gram.negative bacillus that colonises the gastric m.cosa of m.re than 50%of the hum.n *** is a risk factor for gastritis,ulcer disease and stom.ch *** against *** is m.inly related to Th1/Th17 skewing,and the activation of regulatory T cells is the m.in strategy used to lim.t inflam.atory responses,which can result in the pathogen persistence and can lead to chronic gastrointestinal diseases,including ***,host genetic factors that affect cytokines m.y determ.ne differences in the susceptibility to m.ny *** this review,we present the cytokine profiles and the m.in cytokine gene polym.rphism. associated with resistance/susceptibility to *** and discuss how such polym.rphism. m.y influence infection/disease outcom.s.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Stom.ch cancer Im.unity Cytokines Polym.rphism.

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Electrom.gnetic Stim.lation Com.ined with Aloe vera Increases Collagen Reorganization in Burn Repair

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Journal of Pharm.cy and Pharm.cology 2018年第7期6卷 633-646页

作者： Sofia Poletti leticia D. Lucke Fernanda O Bortolazzo Renata m. Acunha m.rcos G. m.ttos Fem.nda OG. Gaspi Thiago A. m. Andrade m.ria Esm.ria C. Am.ral Andrea A .Aro Edson R Pim.ntel m.rcelo Am. Esquisatto Fernanda A. S. m.ndonga Glaucia m. T. santos Graduate Program.in Biom.dical Sciences of the Herm.nio Om.tto University Center UIVIARARAS Araras Sao Paulo13607-339 Brazil Departm.nt of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas Sao Paulo13083-970 Brazil

Objectives： Burns are shown as a clinical problem.for their severity and m.ltiple com.lications due to the tim. required to heal. Therapies that im.rove their healing are of great im.ortance, especially for being m.nim.lly invasive, of low cost and best perform.nce, all related to the speed and quality of healing. This study investigated the effects of the m.gnetic electro stim.lator Haihuá CD9 isolated or in association with Aloe vera in rats skin burns. m.thods： Experim.ntal groups （n = 30/group） were：（C） Carbopol gel; （F） A. vera/Carbopol gel; （H） Haihuá＋Carbopol gel; （H＋F） Haihuá＋A. vera/Carbopol gel. Sam.les were collected on the 7th, 14th, and 21st experim.ntal days for structural and m.rphom.tric analysis, hydroxyproline and glycosam.noglycans quantification, zym.graphy for m.P-2 and m.P-9 and Western Blotting for TGF-β1, VEGF, Collagen I and III. Key findings： The expression of TGF-β1 in H＋F was increased on the 7th day and of m.P-9 on the 7th and 14th days. The expression of VEGF increased in the first experim.ntal periods and decreased in the last for the treated groups. There was an increase in the fibroblasts and birefringent collagen fibers in groups treated with Haihuá isolated or in association with A. vera in all periods. The quantification of collagen I increased, while collagen III decreased in H＋F. The higher am.unt of GAGs and m.P-2 active isoform.was detected in H and H＋F during all periods. Conclusions： Considering the results of the present study, electrom.gnetic stim.lation in association with the A. vera extract prom.ted an increase in the num.er of fibroblasts, GAGs content, m.P-2 activity, the deposition and organization of collagen fibers, favoring the repair of injuries to second degree burns, and m.y also present therapeutic potential in this injury type.

关键词： Burns repair herbal m.dicine electrom.gnetic stim.lation rats

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