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Physicochemical Parameters of Soils in the Poura Gold District:Mouhoun Sub-basin in Burkina Faso,West Africa

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2024年第4期13卷 159-176页

作者： Adama Yameogo Nicolas Kagambega Fidèles Kabore Yacouba Konate Mining Engineering Department Higher School of EngineeringYembila Abdoulaye TOGUYENI University(UYAT)Fada N’GourmaBurkina FasoBP 54 Fada N’GourmaBurkina Faso Geosciences and Environment Laboratory(LaGE) Department of Earth SciencesJoseph KI-ZERBO University(UJKZ)OuagadougouBurkina Faso03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso Department of Science and Technology Norbert ZONGO University(UNZ)KoudougouBurkina FasoBP 376 KoudougouBurkina Faso Water Laboratory Hydro-System and Agriculture(LEHSA)International Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering(2iE)OuagadougouBurkina Faso01 BP 594 Ouagadougou 01Burkina Faso

The physicochemical parameters of the soils made it possible to assess their fertility and pollution around the gold district of *** 3-fraction granulometry indicates a dominance of sandy soils with a silty-sandy *** OM(Organic Matter)content is less than 1%,like most soils in Burkina *** characterization of the fertility of the 26 composite soil samples indicates that 96.15%are of average *** pollution assessment indicates that the measured pH values are between 5.5 and 8,therefore in accordance with the local reference standards in force,while the determination of the ratio of Al on the exchangeable bases and the low phosphorus contents express a very high aluminium *** electrical conductivities measured vary from 17.5 to 252μS/cm,with a threshold limit of 2μS/cm,expressing significant soil *** the Pearson correlation matrix and the PC(Principal Component)analysis,the causes of pollution are attributable to the high contents of Al and exchangeable bases,linked to agricultural and mining *** analysis of the geological and pedological context indicates that the origin of Al and the exchangeable bases is natural,therefore pedo-geogenic,attributable to the destabilization of feldspars,ferromagnesian minerals and carbonates under supergene alteration.

关键词： Soils fertility pollution salinization Burkina Faso

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What determines irrigation efficiency when farmers face extreme weather events? A field survey of the major wheat producing regions in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1888-1899页

作者： SONG Chun-xiao les.oxley MA Heng-yun College of Economics and Management Henan Agricultural University Department of Economics and Finance University of Waikato

Water availability is a major constraint on grain production in China, therefore, improving irrigation efficiency is particularly important when agriculture faces extreme weather events. This paper first calculates irrigation efficiency with a translog stochastic frontier production function and then investigates what happens when extreme weather events occur via a Tobit model. The estimated results reveal several important features of irrigation practices: i) irrigation efficiency is lower when extreme weather events occur; ii) large variations in irrigation efficiency occur across irrigation facilities; iii) the farm plots exhibit an extreme distribution across efficiency levels; and iv) water-saving techniques, technology adoption, and the maintenance of farmers’ economic resilience are major determinants of irrigation efficiency. Based on these results we propose the following recommendations: i) farmers should balance crop yield and water use; undertake relevant training programs and adopt water-saving techniques; ii) local governments and researchers should help farmers to find the optimal level of irrigation water use based on their own circumstances and provide better water-saving techniques and training programs rather than simply encouraging farmers to invest in irrigation facilities in the most extreme weather years; and iii) the income level of farm households should be increased so as to improve their resilience to natural disasters.

关键词： irrigation efficiency determinants irrigation facilities water-saving techniques extreme weather events

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Do farmers care about climate change? Evidence from five major grain producing areas of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1402-1414页

作者： SONG Chun-xiao LIU Rui-feng les.oxley MA Heng-yun College of Economics and Management Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002P.R.China Department of Economics and Finance University of WaikatoHamilton 3240New Zealand

Using a logistic model,this paper empirically investigated farmers’perception of climate change and its determinants based on a field survey of 1 350 rural households across five major grain producing provinces in *** results show:i)There is an apparent difference in perception levels for long-term temperature and precipitation ***,57.4%of farmers perceived the long-term temperature change correctly,but only 29.7%of farmers perceived the long-term precipitation change correctly;ii)The factors influencing the farmers’perceptions are almost completely different between precipitation and temperature,the former are mostly agriculture related,while latter are mostly non-agriculture related,except for farm size;and iii)Farmers are not expected to pay more attention to long-term precipitation changes over the crop growing seasons,because less than 30%of farmers can correctly perceive long-term precipitation ***,to improve the accuracy of farmers’perceptions of climate change,the government is recommended to:i)enhance education and training programs;ii)speed up land transfer and expand household land farm size;iii)develop farmer cooperative organizations;iv)invest more in agricultural infrastructure,specifically in major grain producing regions;and v)improve the agricultural environment and increase farming income.

关键词： China major grain producing areas determinants climate change perception irrigation areas

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The puzzle of the missing meat: Food away from home and China's meat statistics

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 1033-1044页

作者： XIAO Hong-bo CHEN Qiong WANG Ji-min les.oxley MA Heng-yun School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Agriculture Institute of Rural Economy and Agricultural Regional Planning Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Economics University of Waikato College of Economics and Management Henan Agricultural University

From 1985, an increasing gap has emerged between the official statistical measures of meat production and meat consumption in China, which has raised concerns from many researchers using such data. In this paper we report the results of 428 observations（survey of 107 urban and rural households×4 quarters） from 7 provinces conducted in 2010, and compare them with the official statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China（NBSC）. We conclude that the main reason for the discrepancy is due to the underreporting of consumption, which is due mainly to the omission of consumption away from home.

关键词： consumed quarters capita official household income missing puzzle Bureau raised

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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del Carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González José Paz-Ibarra Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta Non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine *** liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis *** its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently *** article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver *** review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 *** cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary *** optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,*** can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging *** options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes *** standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine *** transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

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A New Procedure to Test for Fractional Integration

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第4期6卷 651-666页

作者： William Rea Chris Price les.oxley Marco Reale Jennifer Brown Department of Economics and Finance University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand Waikato Management School University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand

It is now widely recognized that the statistical property of long memory may be due to reasons other than the data generating process being fractionally integrated. We propose a new procedure aimed at distinguishing between a null hypothesis of unifractal fractionally integrated processes and an alternative hypothesis of other processes which display the long memory property. The procedure is based on a pair of empirical, but consistently defined, statistics namely the number of breaks reported by Atheoretical Regression Trees (ART) and the range of the Empirical Fluctuation Process (EFP) in the CUSUM test. The new procedure establishes through simulation the bivariate distribution of the number of breaks reported by ART with the CUSUM range for simulated fractionally integrated series. This bivariate distribution is then used to empirically construct a test which rejects the null hypothesis for a candidate series if its pair of statistics lies on the periphery of the bivariate distribution determined from simulation under the null. We apply these methods to the realized volatility series of 16 stocks in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and show that the rejection rate of the null is higher than if either statistic was used as a univariate test.

关键词： Long-Range Dependence Strong Dependence Global Dependence Regression Trees CUSUM Test Volatility

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Automated bolting and meshing on a continuous miner for roadway development

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2013年第1期23卷 55-61页

作者： van Duin Stephen Meers Luke Donnelly Peter oxley Ian University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Gwynneville NSW Australia

Automated installation of primary roof support material can potentially increase productivity and operator safety in the roadway development process within underground coal mining. Although the broader manufacturing sector has benefited from automation, several challenges exist within the Australian underground coal industry which makes it difficult to fully exploit these technologies. At the University of Wollongong a series of reprogrammable electromechanical manipulators have been designed to overcome these challenges and automatically handle the installation of roof and rib containment consumables on a continuous miner. The automated manipulation removes personnel from hazards in the immediate face area, particularly those associated with working in a confined and unstable working environment in close proximity to rotating and moving equipment. In a series of above ground trials the automated system was successfully demonstrated without human intervention and proven to be capable of achieving cycle times at a rate of 10 m per operating hour, consistent with that required to support high capacity longwall mines. The trials also identified a number of refinements which could further improve both cycle times and system reliability when considering the technology for underground use. The results have concluded that conventional manual handling practices on a continuous miner can be eliminated, and that the prototypes have significantly reduced the technical risk in proceeding to a full underground trial.

关键词： Automation Robotics Roadway development Manipulation Roof support

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Effects of excluding bottom-disturbing mobile fishing gear on abundance and biomass of groundfishes in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary,USA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 134-143页

作者： Briana K.BROWN Elizabeth SOULE les KAUFMAN Biology Department Boston University

The Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary （southern Gulf of Maine, northwest Atlantic） is partially overlapped by the Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area （WGMCA）. This is a region in which mobile, bottom-disturbing fishing gear has been banned by the New England Fishery Management Council to facilitate the rebuilding of depleted gronndfish populations. We assessed the effects and effectiveness of the WGMCA on groundfish assemblages using habitat-stratified （gravel, sand, mixed benthic habitats） sampling by means of a commercial trawler, inside and outside of the WGMCA. Sampling occurred over three mouth-long sampling periods in 2004-2005, two during the spring seasons and one during the fall season. A total of 18 species were analyzed for protection effects. After controlling for substratum, location and sampling season, eight groundfish species exhibited higher mean proportional abundance inside than outside the WGMCA while two were proportionally more abundant on average outside of the closure. Four species had higher mean proportional biomasses on average inside the closure and three outside. We conclude that the WGMCA may be achieving its goal of rebuilding abundance and biomass for some commercially targeted groundfishes but not all. This study, six to seven years post-closure establishment, reveals fine-scale spatial and taxonomic complexity which will require a very different monitoring protocol than the one currently in place if adaptive management is to be successful in the region [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 134-143, 2010].

关键词： Effects of fishing Groundfish Gulf of Maine Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Trawl closure

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Assessment of densified fuel quality parameters:A case study for wheat straw pellet

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第1期8卷 45-58页

作者： Bidhan Nath Guangnan Chen les Bowtell Raid Ahmed Mahmood School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQLD 4350Australia School of Engineering University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQLD 4350Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of ZakhoZakho 44001Iraq

An investigation was conducted to examine the impact of additive mixing with wheat straw(WS)for pellet *** study manufactured seven types of pellets with different additive combina-tions to evaluate pellet quality characteristics and their relationships.A laboratory-type hammer mill and a pellet mill were used for feedstock preparation and pellet *** investigations showed that the lignin content increased from 7.0%to 13.1%,which was a primary need for ***,the heating value rose from 17.02 to 20.36 MJ/***,the ash content also increased from 7.09%to 16.2%.Results showed that dimension(length and diame-ter),durability,and tensile strength increased significantly with additives while the fines content *** fines content had an inverse relationship with durability and *** straw(60%),together with 10%sawdust(SD),10%corn starch(CS),10%bentonite clay(BC),and 10%biochar(BiC),was optimal with good pellet performance(T7).In addition,both the T5 pellets(70%WS,10%SD,10%BiC,and 10%BC)and the T6 pellets(70%WS,10%SD,10%BiC,and 10%CS)provide suitable quality according to EN plus 2015 standard *** ash content of produced pellet was higher than the recommended value,which suggests that further research onto the alternative additive use for ash reduction is needed.

关键词： Biomass Wheat straw Pellet quality Properties relationship Additive/binding material

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中国的能源经济形势、机遇挑战和政策建议

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中国人口·资源与环境 2010年第S1期20卷 257-260页

作者：马恒运郭学先唐华仓刘旗 les.oxley 河南农业大学河南郑州450002 济南工程职业技术学院山东济南250200 新西兰坎特伯雷大学

中国的能源消费增长快且增加基数大,以煤炭为主导致运输环境压力较大,石油资源匮乏、需求缺口大和进口依赖度高,使用效率低、消耗强度高、节能潜力大,出口增长拉动国内能源消耗增加。中国能源消费面临高速稳定的经济增长、不断提高的城... 详细信息

中国的能源消费增长快且增加基数大,以煤炭为主导致运输环境压力较大,石油资源匮乏、需求缺口大和进口依赖度高,使用效率低、消耗强度高、节能潜力大,出口增长拉动国内能源消耗增加。中国能源消费面临高速稳定的经济增长、不断提高的城市化水平、交通运输业飞速发展、能源体制改革的滞后、高能耗产品出口、能源使用效率低等的主要挑战。同时,中国能源供给有转变经济增长方式、开发新能源、改进能源勘探技术、充分利用丰富的劳动力资源,改革能源管理体制等机遇。中国能源经济研究主要集中在能源消费与经济增长关系,能源消费时间序列预测,能源消费强度指数分析等上。未来中国能源经济研究要以能源经济的制度创新、能源经济的技术创新、能源经济市场化发展、能源消费行为、能源和非能源要素替代等为重点。中国能源经济发展要以转变经济增长方式、提高能源效率为主,加强制度创新和技术创新,用市场经济手段引导能源消费行为。

关键词：中国能源经济机遇挑战能源改革

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