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Slope-climbing of cropland and its effects in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期 2754-2769页

作者： CHEN Wanxu XIE Youping YUAN Jintao ZENG Jie YANG Liyan GU Tianci lei fan Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring and Supervision in Southern Hilly Region Ministry of Natural Resources Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Changes Faculty of Geography Yunnan Normal University

In recent decades, the spatio-temporal patterns of China's croplands have been reshaped by disturbances from anthropogenic activities, with complex changes in the topographic characteristics of croplands. Slope-climbing of croplands(SCCL) is an important issue that threatens sustainable agricultural development. While providing land with prominent location advantages, SCCL weakens the water and fertilizer retention capacity for cropland, intensifies various geological disasters, and adversely affects the ecological environment and food yield of these croplands. It is crucial to determine the spatiotemporal variation features and effects of SCCL in China to formulate more accurate cropland protection policies and to maintain food security; however, the current lack of relevant studies is detrimental for capturing trends in cropland resources and sustainable cropland use. In this study, we constructed a multiscale slope spectrum for cropland and total terrain to explore the spatial differences and trends of SCCL from a three-dimensional view. We evaluated the natural and socioeconomic effects of SCCL in China from multiple perspectives. Results indicate that the proportion of cropland with slopes below 2°, 5°, and 6° in China decreased by 0.43%, 0.47%, and 0.50% from 1980 to 2020, respectively. SCCL became apparent during 1980–1990 and 2010–2020, especially over the recent decade. The cropland climbing index(CCI) and upper limited slope change(ULSC) to measure the spatio-temporal pattern of SCCL were 0.99% and 1.17°, respectively, during 2010–2020. At the agricultural regional scale, the SCCL was also concentrated in 1980–1990 and 2010–2020, and it is more pronounced in the southern areas. The proportion of provinces and prefecture-level cities with highintensity SCCL during 1980–2020 were 87.10% and 49.73%, respectively. SCCL was comparatively more pronounced and broader from 2010 to 2020. During this period, 17.84% of prefecture-level cities had no SCCL, and the average CCI for all prefecture-level cities peaked

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Investigating the Head Impact Force-Induced Evolution of Hyperphosphorylated Tau Proteins in Brain Tissue Through Mechanical Mesoscale Finite Element Simulation

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2022年第4期35卷 705-715页

作者： Ge He lei fan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Enginering Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

For human heads that experienced repetitive subconcussive impacts,abnormal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau(p-tau)proteins was found in the postmortem brain tissue.To numerically understand the cause–effect relationship between the external force and the microscopic volume change of the p-tau protein,we created a mesoscale finite element model of the multilayer brain tissue containing microscopic voids representing the p-tau proteins.The model was applied under the loading boundary conditions obtained from a larger length scale simulation.A formerly developed internal state variable elastoplasticity model was implemented to describe the constitutive behaviors of gray and white matters,while the cerebrospinal fluid was assumed to be purely elastic.The effects of the initial sizes and distances of p-tau proteins located at four different brain regions(frontal,parietal,temporal and occipital lobes)on their volumetric evolutions were studied.It is concluded that both the initial sizes and distances of the proteins have more or less(depending on the specific brain region)influential effects on the growth or contraction rate of the p-tau protein.The p-tau proteins located within the brain tissue at the frontal and occipital lobes are more heavily affected by the frontal impact load compared with those at the parietal and temporal lobes.In summary,the modeling approach presented in this paper provides a strategy for mechanically studying the evolution of p-tau proteins in the brain tissue and gives insight into understanding the correlation between macroscopic force and microstructure change of the brain tissue.

关键词： Traumatic head injury Hyperphosphorylated tau(p-tau)protein Internal state variable Brain tissue

Phase Ⅰ study of CBM.CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell in the treatment of refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Chinese patients

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第2期16卷 285-294,F0004页

作者： lei fan Li Wang lei Cao Huayuan Zhu Wei Xu Jianyong Li Department of Hematology Pukou CLL CenterJiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

Anti-CD 19 chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapy has shown impressive efficacy in treating B-cell malignancies.A single-center phase I dose-escalation study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of T cells transduced with CBM.CD19 CAR,a second-generation anti-CD19 CAR bearing 4-1BB costimulatory molecule,for the treatment of patients with refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Ten heavily treated patients with refractory DLBCL were given CBM.CD19 CAR-T cell(C-CAR011)treatment.The overall response rate was 20%and 50%at 4 and 12 weeks after the infusion of C-CAR011,respectively,and the disease control rate was 60%at 12 weeks after infusion.Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in all patients.The incidence of cytokine release syndrome in all grades and grade^3 was 90%and 0,respectively,which is consistent with the safety profile of axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel.Neurotoxicity or other dose-limiting toxicides was not observed in any dose cohort of C-CAR011 therapy.Antitumor efficacy was apparent across dose cohorts.Therefore,C-CAR011 is a safe and effective therapeutic option for Chinese patients with refractory DLBCL,and further large-scale clinical trials are warranted.

关键词： CAR-T cell therapy refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cytokine release syndrome dose-limiting toxicity

Estimation and validation of characteristic length of internal solitary wave based on normal mode coupling

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Chinese Journal of Acoustics 2024年第1期43卷 82-97页

作者： fan lei YAO Pan AO Peiting WANG Huigang School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072

For a fluid medium with density stratification, the internal wave is easily observed under disturbance of waves, and the acoustic transmission loss and the characteristic parameters of the internal solitary wave are related. The mathematical relationship between the horizontal wavenumber difference of normal modes and the characteristic length of internal wave is established according to the coupling theory of normal modes. Furthermore, a method for estimating the characteristic length of internal solitary wave based on active acoustic means is proposed. The numerical simulation results reveal that the internal solitary wave has a significant influence on the forward transmission of sound waves.At a specific frequency, the transmission loss of sound waves fluctuates significantly and is related to the wavenumber difference of the coupling between internal waves and normal modes. An experiment system for studying internal waves in a tank is established, and the forward scattering data of the internal waves are collected by using a developed broadband transient plasma sound source. The feasibility of estimating the characteristic parameters of the internal solitary wave based on the resonance phenomenon is verified through experimental data analysis.

关键词： stratification wave characteristic

Seed dormancy,germination and storage behavior of Magnolia sinica,a plant species with extremely small populations of Magnoliaceae

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Plant Diversity 2022年第1期44卷 94-100页

作者： Liang Lin lei Cai lei fan Jun-Chao Ma Xiang-Yun Yang Xiao-Jian Hu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Key Laboratory far Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina

Magnolia sinica is one of the most endangered Magnoliaceae species in China.Seed biology information concerning its long-term ex situ conservation and utilization is insufficient.This study investigated dormancy status,germination requirements and storage behavior of M.sinica.Freshly matured seeds germinated to ca.86.5%at 25/15℃but poorly at 30℃;GA3 and moist chilling promoted germination significantly at 20℃.Embryos grew at temperatures(alternating or constant)between 20℃and 25℃,but not at 5℃or 30℃.Our results indicate that M.sinica seeds possibly have non-deep simple mor-phophysiological dormancy(MPD).Seeds survived desiccation to 9.27%and 4.85%moisture content(MC)as well as a further 6-month storage at-20℃and in liquid nitrogen,including recovery in vitro as excised embryos.The established protocol ensured that at least 58%of seedlings were obtained after both cold storage and cryopreservation.These results indicate that both conventional seed banking and cryopreservation have potential as long-term ex situ conservation methods,although further optimized approaches are recommended for this critically endangered magnolia species.

关键词： Magnolia sinica Seed Dormancy Storage behavior Cryopreservation Excised embryo

High‑Performance Silicon‑Rich Microparticle Anodes for Lithium‑Ion Batteries Enabled by Internal Stress Mitigation

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纳微快报:英文版 2023年第12期15卷 99-114页

作者： Yao Gao lei fan Rui Zhou Xiaoqiong Du Zengbao Jiao Biao Zhang Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Si is a promising anode material for Li ion batteries because of its high specific capacity,abundant reserve,and low cost.However,its rate performance and cycling stability are poor due to the severe particle pulverization during the lithiation/delithiation process.The high stress induced by the Li concentration gradient and anisotropic deformation is the main reason for the fracture of Si particles.Here we present a new stress mitigation strategy by uniformly distributing small amounts of Sn and Sb in Si micron-sized particles,which reduces the Li concentration gradient and realizes an isotropic lithiation/delithiation process.The Si8.5Sn0.5Sb microparticles(mean particle size:8.22μm)show over 6000-fold and tenfold improvements in electronic conductivity and Li diffusivity than Si particles,respectively.The discharge capacities of the Si_(8.5)Sn_(0.5)Sb microparticle anode after 100 cycles at 1.0 and 3.0 A g^(-1)are 1.62 and 1.19 Ah g^(-1),respectively,corresponding to a retention rate of 94.2%and 99.6%,respectively,relative to the capacity of the first cycle after activation.Multicomponent microparticle anodes containing Si,Sn,Sb,Ge and Ag prepared using the same method yields an ultra-low capacity decay rate of 0.02%per cycle for 1000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1),corroborating the proposed mechanism.The stress regulation mechanism enabled by the industry-compatible fabrication methods opens up enormous opportunities for low-cost and high-energy-density Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Silicon anodes Silicon microparticles Lithium-ion batteries Internal stress

Ochronotic arthropathy of bilateral hip joints:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第1期11卷 210-217页

作者： Nicolas Yap San Min Urba Rafi Juan Wang Bin He lei fan Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasonography The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Ochronosis,also known as alkaptonuria,is a rare autosomal recessive selfmetabolic disease arising from deficiency of homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase enzyme.It affects several organs and muscoskeletal structures.We herein report a case of a patient who presented with severe hip arthropathy complicated with late stage ochronosis.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old male patient was admitted in our department in 2019 with complaints of chronic low backache and left hip pain.After the required investigations were done,lumbar disc herniation and severe hip arthritis were the initial diagnosis.A total left hip arthroplasty was performed.Ochronotic osteoarthritis was only obtained post-surgery as confirmatory diagnosis.He was again admitted mid 2022 with the same complaints on the right hip.Subsequently,he underwent a total right hip arthroplasty.Post-operative recovery and follow-ups were deemed very satisfactory.CONCLUSION Ochronosis is an unusual diagnosis for a patient who presents with typical hip arthritis.Thus,unless meticulous history taking and advanced laboratory tests,the diagnosis can easily be missed by surgeons.

关键词： Alkaptonuria Metabolic disease Ochronotic osteoarthropathy Hip arthritis Bilateral hip arthroplasty Case report

Construction of truncated-octahedral LiMn2O4 for battery-like electrochemical lithium recovery from brine

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第4期8卷 1081-1090页

作者： Guolang Zhou Linlin Chen Xiaowei Li Guiling Luo Zhendong Yu Jingzhou Yin lei fan Yanhong Chao lei Jiang Wenshuai Zhu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina School of Pharmacy Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuai'an223001JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225002JiangsuChina Jiangsu Topfine New Materials Science&Technology Co. Ltd.Zhenjiang212013JiangsuChina

The extraction of lithium from salt lakes or seawater has attracted worldwide attention because of the explosive growth of global demand for lithium products. The LiMn_(2)O_(4)-based electrochemical lithium recovery system is one of the strongest candidates for commercial application due to its high inserted capacity and low energy consumption. However, the surface orientation of LiMn_(2)O_(4)that facilitates Li diffusion happens to be prone to manganese dissolution making it a great challenge to obtain high lithium inserted capacity and long life simultaneously. Herein, we address this problem by designing a truncated octahedral LiMn_(2)O_(4)(Tr-oh LMO) in which the dominant(111) facets minimize Mn dissolution while a small portion of(100) facets facilitate the Li diffusion. Thus, this Tr-oh LMO-based electrochemical lithium recovery system shows excellent Li recovery performance with high inserted capacity(20.25 mg g^(-1)per cycle) in simulated brine. In addition, the dissolution rate of manganese per 30 cycles is only 0.44% and the capacity maintained 85% of the initial after 30 cycles. These promising findings accelerate the practical application of LiMn_(2)O_(4)in electrochemical lithium recovery.

关键词： LiMn_(2)O_(4) Crystal facets Electrochemistry Lithium recovery Brine

An injectable,self-healing,electroconductive extracellular matrix-based hydrogel for enhancing tissue repair after traumatic spinal cord injury

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 98-111页

作者： Yian Luo lei fan Can Liu Huiquan Wen Shihuan Wang Pengfei Guan Dafu Chen Chengyun Ning lei Zhou Guoxin Tan School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China School of Materials Science and Engineering National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China Department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510630Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Child Developmental&Behavioral Center The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510630China Department of Spine Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510630China Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Beijing Jishuitan HospitalBeijing100035China

Injectable biomaterial-based treatment is a promising strategy to enhance tissue repair after traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI)by bridging cavity spaces.However,there are limited reports of injectable,electroconductive hydrogels with self-healing properties being employed for the treatment of traumatic SCI.Hence,a natural extracellular matrix(ECM)biopolymer(chondroitin sulphate and gelatin)-based hydrogel containing polypyrrole,which imparted electroconductive properties,is developed for traumatic SCI repair.The resulting hydrogels showed mechanical(~928 Pa)and conductive properties(4.49 mS/cm)similar to natural spinal cord tissues.Moreover,the hydrogels exhibited shear-thinning and self-healing abilities,which allows it to be effectively injected into the injury site and to fill the lesion cavity to accelerate the tissue repair of traumatic SCI.In vitro,electroconductive ECM hydrogels promoted neuronal differentiation,enhanced axon outgrowth,and inhibited astrocyte differentiation.The electroconductive ECM hydrogel activated endogenous neural stem cell neurogenesis in vivo(n=6),and induced myelinated axon regeneration into the lesion site via activation of the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways,thereby achieving significant locomotor function restoration in rats with spinal cord injury(p<0.001,compared to SCI group).Overall,the injectable self-healing electroconductive ECM-based hydrogels developed in this study are ideal biomaterials for treatment of traumatic SCI.

关键词： Hydrogel Injectability Self-healing Conductivity Traumatic spinal cord injury