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Development of benthic macroinvertebrates sediment index(BSI) for bioassessment of freshwater sediment

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第4期34卷 368-378页

作者： Pil jae Kim Jong Hyeon lee In Ae Huh dong Soo Kong Department of Life Science Kyonggi University Environmental Health & Safety Research Institute EH R&C CO.Ltd. Water Environmental Engineering Research Division National Institute of Environmental Research

Sediment quality has been evaluated in a variety of ways since the early 1990 s in studies from Europe. In South Korea, most studies have used an indicator value for benthic macroinvertebrates based on water quality, not sediment quality. To date, few studies have examined the biological integrity of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in South Korea. In the current study, the tolerance valency and value in samples and the indicator weight values were measured for 43 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa from 73 sampling units in South Korea from 2014 to 2016. Total organic carbon, the amount of heavy metals, and total ammonia nitrogen were analyzed. The average grade for each pollutant was used as the sediment quality index. A benthic macroinvertebrates sediment index was developed for bioassessment of freshwater sediment. The benthic macroinvertebrates sediment index, which is based on the relative frequency of occurrence of macroinvertebrates, was highly correlated with pollution levels in the sediment. This index can be used in the field to assess the contamination of freshwater sediment. As the sample size was small in the current study and there were taxonomic limitations of Chironomidae larvae,further research is needed to improve the reliability of the benthic macroinvertebrates sediment index.

关键词： Benthic macroinvertebrates Bioassessment Freshwater sediment Sediment quality index

Porously Reduced 2-Dimensional Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) Petals for Strain-Mediated Electrochemical CO_(2) Reduction to HCOOH

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 215-221页

作者： Won Seok Cho Dae Myung Hong Wan jae dong Tae Hyung lee Chul Jong Yoo donghwa lee Ho Won Jang Jong-Lam lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang Gyungbuk 37673Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Here we introduce bismuth-based catalysts for the efficient electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to formic acid(HCOOH),which are composed of petal-shaped Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)(BOC)that spontaneously formed from Bi thin film in aqueous carbonate solution at room *** the electrochemical reduction process,the BOC petals transform to reduced BOC(R-BOC)consisting of individual BOC and Bi *** mismatch between both domains induces biaxial strain at the *** functional theory calculations suggest that the tensile strain on the Bi domain stabilizes the*OCHO intermediate,reducing the thermodynamic barrier toward CO_(2)conversion to *** with the thermodynamic benefit and the unique nanoporous petal-shaped morphology,R-BOC petals have a superior Faradaic efficiency of 95.9%at-0.8 V_(RHE)for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to *** work demonstrates that the spontaneously formed binary phases with desirable lattice strain can increase the activity of bismuth catalysts to the CO_(2)reduction reaction;such a strategy can be applicable in design of various electrocatalysts.

关键词： bismuth carbon dioxide reduction formic acid heterointerfaces strain

Advanced operation of heated fluidic resonators via mechanical and thermal loss reduction in vacuum

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第5期9卷 255-262页

作者： Juhee Ko Bong jae lee Jungchul lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Extreme Thermal Physics and ManufacturingKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)34141 DaejeonKorea

For simultaneous and quantitative thermophysical measurements of ultrasmall liquid volumes,we have recently developed and reported heated fluidic resonators(HFRs).In this paper,we improve the precision of HFRs in a vacuum by significantly reducing the thermal loss around the sensing element.A vacuum chamber with optical,electrical,and microfluidic access is custom-built to decrease the convection loss by two orders of magnitude under 10-4 mbar *** a result,the measurement sensitivities for thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are increased by 4.1 and 1.6 times,*** differentiating between deionized water(H2O)and heavy water(D2O)with similar thermophysical properties and~10%different mass densities,the signal-to-noise ratio(property differences over standard error)for H2O and D2O is increased by 9 and 5 times for thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity,respectively.

关键词： fluid operation vacuum

Orostachys japonicus ethyl acetate fraction suppresses MRSA biofilm formation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第1期13卷 38-45页

作者： jae-Hyeon Kim Su-Yeon Han Ji-Hye Kwon dong-Seok lee Department of Smart Foods and Drugs Graduate School of Inje UniversityGimhae 50834Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the effect of Orostachys(O.)japonicus,a perennial herbaceous plant of the Family Crassulaceae,on biofilm formed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:Powdered *** was extracted by 95%methanol,concentrated,and then,systematically fractionated with n-hexane,dichloromethane(DCM),ethyl acetate(EtOAc),n-butanol,and H2 O according to *** them,the flavonoid-rich EtOAc fraction demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity and was used in this *** the biofilm inhibition assay,cell-surface attachment assay,confocal laser scanning microscopy,latex agglutination assay,and real time qRT-PCR,we examined whether the EtOAc fraction inhibited the formation of MRSA ***:The EtOAc fraction exhibited distinct activity against biofilm formation and cell-surface attachment of MRSA up to 1 mg/m L through down-regulating the expression of mec A gene and the production and agglutination of penicillin-binding protein 2 a as solidly observed in biofilm inhibition assay,cell-suface attachment assay,confocal laser scanning microscopy,latex agglutination assay,and real time qRT-PCR ***:These results suggest that *** could be utilized as a potential resource for the development of new antibiofilm formation of MRSA and antibacterial agents in the future.

关键词： Orostachys japonicus MRSA Biofilm formation

Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

Efficient multi-response adaptive sampling algorithm for construction of variable-fidelity aerodynamic tables

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第3期32卷 547-558页

作者： Maxim TYAN jae-Woo lee Department of Aerospace Information Engineering Konkuk University

Adaptive sampling is an iterative process for the construction of a global approximation model. Most of engineering analysis tools computes multiple parameters in a single run. This research proposes a novel multi-response adaptive sampling algorithm for simultaneous construction of multiple surrogate models in a time-efficient and accurate manner. The new algorithm uses the Jackknife cross-validation variance and a minimum distance metric to construct a sampling criterion function. A weighted sum of the function is used to consider the characteristics of multiple surrogate models. The proposed algorithm demonstrates good performance on total 22 numerical problems in comparison with three existing adaptive sampling algorithms. The numerical problems include several two-dimensional and six-dimensional functions which are combined into singleresponse and multi-response systems. Application of the proposed algorithm for construction of aerodynamic tables for 2 D airfoil is demonstrated. Scaling-based variable-fidelity modeling is implemented to enhance the accuracy of surrogate modeling. The algorithm succeeds in constructing a system of three highly nonlinear aerodynamic response surfaces within a reasonable amount of time while preserving high accuracy of approximation.

关键词： Adaptive sampling Aerodynamic database Multi-response system Surrogate modeling Variable fidelity modeling

Comparative efficacy and optimal duration of first-line antibiotic regimens for acute otitis media in children and adolescents:a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 89 randomized clinicaltrials

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 219-229页

作者： Min Seo Kim jae Han Kim Seohyun Ryu Seung Won lee dong Keon Yon Eunyoung Kim Ai Koyanagi Elena Dragioti jae Il Shin lee Smith Samsung Advanced Institute forHealth Sciences&Technology(SAIHST) Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Yonsei University Collegeof Medicine SeoulRepublicof Korea Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Evidence-Based Research Laboratory Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical CareCollege of PharmacyChung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM/ISCIII Universitat de BarcelonaFundacio Sant Joan de Déu.Sant Boi de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23BarcelonaSpain Pain and Rehabilitation Centre and Department of Medical and Health SciencesLinkoping University58185 LinkopingSweden Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineYonsei-ro 50Seodaemun-gu8044Seoul 03722Republic of Korea Centre for Health Performanceand WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridge CB11PTUK Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients Families&Health ProfessionalsDepartment of NursingSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of IoanninaIoannina 45500Greece

Introduction Antibiotic use for acute otitis media(AOM)is one of the major sources of antimicrobial ***,the effective minimal antibiotic duration for AOM remains ***,guidelines often recommend broad ranges(5-10 days)of antibiotic use,yet the clinical impact of such a wide window has not been *** We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library from database inception to 6 October *** meta-analysis was conducted on randomized controlled trials that assessed antibiotic treatment for AOM in children(PROSPERO CRD42020196107).Results For amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate,7-day regimens were noninferior to 10-day regimens in clinical responses[amoxicillin:risk ratio(RR)0.919(95%CI 0.820-1.031),amoxicillin-clavulanate:RR 1.108(0.957-1.282)],except for≤2 *** the third-generation cephalosporins,7-day and 10-day regimens had similar clinical responses compared to placebo[7-day:RR 1.420(1.190-1.694),10-day:RR 1.238(1.125-1.362)compared to placebo].However,5-day regimens of amoxicillin-clavulanate and third-generation cephalosporins were inferior to 10-day *** to amoxicillin,a shorter treatment duration was tolerable with *** Our findings indicated that 1O days of antibiotic use may be unnecessarily long,while the treatment duration should be longer than 5 ***,5-day regimens would be sufficient for a modest treatment *** findings revealed that the current wide range of recommended antibiotic durations may have influenced the clinical outcome of AOM,and a narrower antibiotic duration window should be re-established.

关键词： Amoxicillin-potassium Amoxicillin Antibacterial agents Cephalosporins Duration of therapy

Mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of Al-additive friction stir welded AZ31B joints

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1519-1535页

作者： jae-Yeon Kim Eun-Woo Kim dong-O Kim Eun-Kyo Ju Ji-Eun lee jaeheon lee Jai-Won Byeon Mining Engineering Department Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea

Compared to other structural alloys,magnesium alloys have a relatively poor corrosion resistance and low mechanical strength,which can be further deteriorated when these alloys are subjected to joining processes using the existing joining ***,we propose for the first time an additive friction stir-welding(AFSW)using fine Al powder as an additive to improve the mechanical strength as well as corrosion resistance of AZ31B weld *** is a solid-state welding method of forming a high-Al AZ31B joint via an in-situ reaction between pure Al powders filled in a machined groove and the AZ31B *** optimize the process parameters,AFSW was performed under different rotational and transverse speeds,and number of passes,using tools with a square or screw *** particular,to fabricate a weld zone,where the Al was homogenously dispersed,the effects of the groove shape were investigated using three types of grooves:surface one-line groove,surface-symmetric grooves,and inserted symmetric *** homogenous and defect-less AFS-welded AZ31B joint was successfully fabricated with the following optimal parameters:1400 rpm,25 mm/min,four passes,inserted symmetric grooves,and the tool with a square *** AFSW fully dissolved the additive Al intoα-Mg and in-situ precipitated Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles,which was confirmed via scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscope,and X-ray diffraction *** microhardness,joint efficiency,and elongation at the fracture point of the AFS-welded AZ31B joint were 80 HV,101%,and 8.9%,*** values are higher than those obtained for the FS-welded AZ31 joint in previous *** corrosion resistance of the AFS-welded AZ31B joint,evaluated via hydrogen evolution measurements and potentiodynamic polarization tests,was enhanced to 55%relative to the FS-welded AZ31B joint.

关键词： AZ31B magnesium alloy Additive friction stir-welding In-situ reaction Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles Joint efficiency Corrosion resistance

Alloys Preparation of Ag Particles/Islands on Si Wafer by RF Magnetron Sputtering

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稀有金属材料与工程 2012年第S1期41卷 403-406页

作者： jae-Wung lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332-0245USA

In order to investigate the morphology change of Ag nano-particles/island film with the sputtering time and annealing temperature,Ag nano-particles/island films were sputtered on the silicon wafers by radio-frequency(RF)magnetron *** nano-particles/islands films were sputtered on Si wafer with different *** sputtering,the samples with Ag nano-particles/islands films were annealed at 100,200 and 400 o C for 1 h,*** spectrum was employed to examine the phase stability of Ag particles/island film after annealed at 400 o C for *** result showed that the Raman spectrum peak of Ag particles/island film with annealed at 400 o C was similar to that of pure *** electron microscope(SEM)was used to test the microstructures and morphology of the films with different *** further study the morphology change,atomic force microscope(AFM)was used to test surface morphology of the Ag particles/islands *** SEM and AFM results showed that the morphology of Ag nano-particles/island films were different with the increasing sputtering *** particles went through a dramatic change on the Si wafer surface,when sputtering time changed from 3 to 60 s,Ag particles diffused and agglomerated with the annealing temperature increasing.

关键词： Ag nano-particles/island film sputter anneal diffuse grow