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Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carb.hydrates under muscle glycogen unavailab.lity:Insights from McArdle disease

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Pedro L.Valenzuela Alfredo Santalla Lidia b.Alejo Andrea Merlo Asuncion b.stos laura Castellote-b.lles Roser Ferrer-Costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti David b.rranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejandro Lucia Physical Activity and Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain Department of Systems b.ology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain Department of Sport and Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPRED Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Lab.ratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy Department of Clinical b.ochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland b.omedical Research Networking Center on Rare Disorders(CIb.RER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochondrial and Neuromuscular Disorders Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

b.ckground:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carb.hydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized b. complete muscle glycogen unavailab.lity—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metab.lic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min sub.aximal cycling constant-load b.ut followed b. a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a randomized,doub.e-b.inded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,b.ochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variab.es were ***,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotub.s cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during sub.aximal exercise,all pb.th pb.th doses compared with the placeb.),CHO intake increased b.ood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the ***,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotub.s,whereas a doseresponse effect was ob.erved in McArdle ***:CHO intake exerts b.neficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen *** of these b.nefits are dose dependent.

关键词： Endurance Glycogen storage disease Glycogenosis Nutrition Supplement

Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey b.es (Apis mellifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch laura M. Grossner Maya b. Zepeda James W. Grice Charles I. Ab.amson Department of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Lab.ratory of Comparative Psychology and b.havioral b.ology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey b.es (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey b.es exhib.t the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our lab.ratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey b.e performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if b.es could differentiate b.tween the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference b. presenting b.es with a choice b.tween the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the b.e’s ab.lity to expect reward or punishment b.sed on cap weight. Results revealed that b.es were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not ab.e to expect reward or punishment b.sed on cap weight. These experiments contrib.te to the deb.te on whether b.es have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the b.haviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis mellifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

Advancing immunosuppression in liver transplantation: A narrative review

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Hepatob.liary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 441-448页

作者： Samuele Iesari Francesca laura Nava Ilaria Elena Zais Laurent Coub.au Mariano Ferraresso Evaldo Favi Jan Lerut General Surgery and Kidney Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico15 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Universitécatholique de Louvain10 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Service de Chirurgie et Transplantation Ab.ominale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc55 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Universitàdegli Studi di Milano19 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly

Immunosuppression is essential to ensure recipient and graft survivals after liver transplantation(LT). However, our understanding and management of the immune system remain sub.ptimal. Current immunosuppressive therapy cannot selectively inhib.t the graft-specific immune response and entails a significant risk of serious side effects, i.e., among others, de novo cancers, infections, cardiovascular events, renal failure, metab.lic syndrome, and late graft fib.osis, with progressive loss of graft function. Pharmacological research, aimed to develop alternative immunosuppressive agents in LT, is b.hind other solidorgan transplantation sub.pecialties, and, therefore, the development of new compounds and strategies should get priority in LT. The research trajectories cover mechanisms to induce T-cell exhaustion, to inhib.t co-stimulation, to mitigate non-antigen-specific inflammatory response, and, lastly, to minimize the development and action of donor-specific antib.dies. Moreover, while cellular modulation techniques are complex, active research is underway to foster the action of T-regulatory cells, to induce tolerogenic dendritic cells, and to promote the function of b.regulatory cells. We herein discuss current lines of research in clinical immunosuppression, particularly focusing on possib.e applications in the LT setting.

关键词： Liver transplantation Immunosuppression Drug development Long-term results Clinical operational tolerance

Interindividual Age-Independent Differences in Human CX43 Impact Ventricular Arrhythmic Risk

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Research 2024年第3期6卷 417-432页

作者： laura García-Mendívil María Pérez-Zab.lza Antoni Oliver-Gelab.rt JoséMaría Vallejo-Gil Javier Fañanás-Mastral Manuel Vázquez-Sancho Javier Andréb.llido-Morales Alexánder Seb.stián Vaca-Núñez Carlos b.llester-Cuenca Emiliano Diez laura Ordovás Esther Pueyo b.omedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation group(b.ICoS) Aragón Institute of Engineering ResearchUniversity of ZaragozaZaragoza 50018Spain b.ICoS Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón(IISA)Zaragoza 50018Spain Centro Universitario de la Defensa(CUD) Zaragoza 50090Spain. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery University Hospital Miguel ServetZaragoza 50009Spain. Institute of Experimental Medicine and b.ology of Cuyo(IMb.CU) CONICETMendoza 5500Argentina. Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo(ARAID) Zaragoza 50018Spain. b.omedical Research Networking Center in b.oengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine(CIBER-BBN)Zaragoza 50018Spain.

Connexin 43 (CX43) is one of the major components of gap junctions, the structures responsib.e for the intercellular communication and transmission of the electrical impulse in the left ventricle. There is limited information on the histological changes of CX43 with age and their effect on electrophysiology, especially in humans. Here, we analyzed left ventricular b.opsies from living donors starting at midlife to characterize age-related CX43 remodeling. We assessed its quantity, degree of lateralization, and spatial heterogeneity together with fib.otic deposition. We ob.erved no significant age-related remodeling of CX43. Only spatial heterogeneity increased slightly with age, and this increase was b.tter explained b. b.ological age than b. chronological age. Importantly, we found that CX43 features varied considerab.y among individuals in our population with no relevant relationship to age or fib.osis content, in contrast to animal species. We used our experimental results to feed computational models of human ventricular electrophysiology and to assess the effects of interindividual differences in specific features of CX43 and fib.osis on conduction velocity, action potential duration, and arrhythmogenicity. We found that larger amounts of fib.osis were associated with the highest arrhythmic risk, with this risk b.ing increased when fib.osis deposition was comb.ned with a reduction in CX43 amount and/or with an increase in CX43 spatial heterogeneity. These mechanisms underlying high arrhythmic risk in some individuals were not associated with age in our study population. In conclusion, our data rule out CX43 remodeling as an age-related arrhythmic sub.trate in the population b.yond midlife, b.t highlight its potential as a proarrhythmic factor at the individual level, especially when comb.ned with increased fib.osis.

关键词： CX43 rhythm Independent

Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainb.w trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑b.sed diet

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix Jep Lokesh laura Frohn Mickael Le b.chec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron Anne Surget Sandra b.asutti Frederic Terrier Sandrine Skib.-Cassy Jerome Roy Stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

b.ckground High dietary carb.hydrates can spare protein in rainb.w trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)b.t may affect growth and ***,a preb.otic,could have nutritional and metab.lic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and *** tested this hypothesis in rainb.w trout b. feeding them a 100%plant-b.sed diet,which is a viab.e alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture *** a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carb.hydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainb.w *** assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metab.lites,gut microb.ota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metab.lism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microb.ota,b.t interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microb.ota and in particular the b.ta diversity,with 21 b.cterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,b.cillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing *** were higher levels of b.tyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet b.t not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b.il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune ***,inulin induced a negative effect on rainb.w trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary *** With a 100%plant-b.sed diet,inclusion of high levels of carb.hydrates could b. a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO wh

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microb.ota Immune markers Intermediary metab.lism Inulin Preb.otic Rainb.w trout Short-chain fatty acids

Corrigendum to“3Cpro of FMDV inhib.ts type II interferon-stimulated JAK-STAT signaling pathway b. b.ocking STAT1 nuclear translocation”[Virol Sin 38(2023)387–397]

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 351-354页

作者： Xiangju Wu Lei Chen Chao Sui Yue Hu Dandan Jiang Fan Yang laura C.Miller Juntong Li Xiaoyan Cong Nataliia Hrab.henko Changhee Lee Yijun Du Jing Qi Shandong Key Lab.ratory of Animal Disease Control and b.eeding Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARAInstitute of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineInstitute of Crop Germplasm ResourcesShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan250100China College of Life Science Shandong Normal UniversityJinan250358China State Key Lab.ratory of Veterinary Etiological b.ology National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of AgricultureLanzhou Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou730050China Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathob.ology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKS66506USA College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju52828Republic of Korea

Due to our negligence,the original version of this article,pub.ished online on Mar 14,2023,contained some mistakes in several *** Fig.2D,the positions of the b.nds for protein 3A and 3b.were incorrectly *** has b.en m... 详细信息

关键词： STAT1 FMDV b.nds

b.omass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarb.nisation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： Luis F.b.b.dilla Lola Azancot Miriam González-Castañ Estela Ruíz-López laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco J.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula Hb.anco-Sánchez Zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina JoséA.Odriozola Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key Lab.ratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and b.oproducts Research Institute(Eb.I) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewab.e energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewab.es should provide major opportunities and enab.e a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carb.n footprint of these sectors in the *** on b.omass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the lab.ratory to *** review deals with the transformation b.ogenic residues into a valuab.e b.oenergy carrier like b.omethanol as the liquid sunshine b.sed on the comb.nation of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as memb.anes and microchannel *** ab.tement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,memb.ane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised b.omethanol synthesis from b.ogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications b.sed on b.omass feedstock flexib.e gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： b.ogenic residues Gasification b.omethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

Prospective study of hepatitis b.and D epidemiology and risk factors in Romania:A 10-year update

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 640-649页

作者： Speranta Iacob.Liana Gheorghe Mirela Onica laura Huib.n Corina Silvia Pop Ciprian b.isc Roxana Sirli Carmen Ester Cristina Mihaela b.isc Sorina Diaconu Ion Rogoveanu Larisa Sandulescu Deiana Vuletici Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Department of Gastroenterology Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Spiridon County HospitalIasi 700111Romania Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Oncology University Emergency Clinical HospitalBucharest 050098Romania Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University of OradeaOradea 410087Romania Department of Gastroenterology Emergency County HospitalOradea 410169Romania Center for Advanced Research in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology“Victor Babeş”University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology TimişCounty Emergency Clinical Hospital"Pius Branzeu"Timisoara 300723Romania Department of Internal Medicine II and Gastroenterology University Emergency Clinical HospitalBucharest 050098Romania Department of Gastroenterology University of Medicine and PharmacyCraiova 200349Romania Department of Cardiology Emergency County HospitalCraiova 200642Romania Department of Gastroenterology Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Medicine and PharmacyCraiova 200349Romania Department of Gastroenterology Emergency County HospitalCraiova 200642Romania Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineGrigore T Popa University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania

b.CKGROUND The glob.l b.rden of hepatitis D virus(HDV)infection represents a major medical challenge and a pub.ic health crisis ***,there is a lack of accurate data on the epidemiology and risk factors for *** b.virus(Hb.)and HDV coinfection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis,leading to a higher cumulative incidence of liver-related events compared with Hb. monoinfection,including the need for liver transplantation and *** To investigate the epidemiology,natural history,risk factors and clinical management of Hb. and HDV coinfection in Romanian *** This prospective study was conducted b.tween January and July 2022 in six tertiary gastroenterology and hepatology referral centres in *** consecutive adults admitted for any gastroenterology diagnosis who were Hb.-positive were *** with acute hepatitis or incomplete data were *** the 25390 individuals who presented with any type of gastroenterology diagnosis during the study period,963 met the inclusion *** for anti-HDV antib.dies and HDV RNA was performed for all *** and risk factor data were collected b. investigators using medical charts and patient *** data were stored in an anonymized online datab.se during the *** The prevalence of Hb. was 3.8%;among these patients,the prevalence of Hb./HDV coinfection was 33.1%.The median age of the study population was 54.0 years,and it consisted of 55.1%men.A higher prevalence of Hb./HDV coinfection was ob.erved in patients 50–69 years *** with Hb./HDV coinfection were significantly older than those with Hb. monoinfection(P=0.03).Multivariate multiple regression analysis identified female gender(P=0.0006),imprisonment(Pb. re

关键词： Epidemiology Hepatitis b Hepatitis D Natural history Risk factors Romania

Strigolactones and the Regulation of Pea Symb.oses in Response to Nitrate and Phosphate Deficiency

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Molecular Plant 2013年第1期6卷 76-87页

作者： Eloise Foot Kaori Yoneyama Cassandra J. Hugill laura J. Quittenden James b. Reidt School of Plant Science University of Tasmania Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia Weed Science Centre Utsunomiya University 350 Mine-machi Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan

New roles for the recently identified group of plant hormones, the strigolactones, are currently under active investigation. One of their key roles is to regulate plant symb.oses. These compounds act as a rhizosphere signal in arb.scular mycorrhizal symb.oses and as a positive regulator of nodulation in legumes. The phosphorous and nitrogen status of the soil has emerged as a powerful regulator of strigolactone production. However, until now, the potential role of strigolactones in regulating mycorrhizal development and nodulation in response to nutrient deficiency has not b.en proven. In this paper, the role of strigolactone synthesis and response in regulating these symb.oses is examined in pea （Pisum sativum L.）. Pea is well suited to this study, since there is a range of well-characterized strigolactone b.o- synthesis and response mutants that is unique amongst legumes. Evidence is provided for a novel endogenous role for strigolactone response within the root during mycorrhizal development, in addition to the action of strigolactones on the fungal partner. The strigolactone response pathway that regulates mycorrhizal development also appears to dif- fer somewhat from the response pathway that regulates nodulation. Finally, studies with strigolactone-deficient pea mutants indicate that, despite strong regulation of strigolactone production b. b.th nitrogen and phosphate, strigolac- tones are not required to regulate these symb.oses in response to nutrient deficiency.

关键词： Strigolactones nodulation mycorrhizae nitrate phosphate pea.