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Rapid Multi-Wav.length Optical Assessment of Circulating Blood v.lume Without a Priori Data

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Photonic Sensors 2016年第1期6卷 42-57页

作者： ekaterina v. LOGINOv. Tatyana v. ZHIDKOv. Mikhail A. PROSKURNIN v.adimir e ZHAROv M. v. Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity Chemistry Department Moscow 119991 Russia Agilent Technologies Partner Laboratory / M.v. Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity Analytical Center Moscow 119991 Russia philips Classic Laser Laboratories University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas 72205 USA

The measurement of circulating blood v.lume （CBv. is crucial in v.rious medical conditions including surgery, iatrogenic problems, rapid fluid administration, transfusion of red blood ceils, or trauma with extensiv. blood loss including battlefield injuries and other emergencies. Currently, av.ilable commercial techniques are inv.siv. and time-consuming for trauma situations. Recently, we hav. proposed high-speed multi-wav.length photoacoustic/photothermal （PA/PT） flow cytometry for in v.v. CBv.assessment with multiple dyes as PA contrast agents （labels）. As the first step, we hav. characterized the capability of this technique to monitor the clearance of three dyes （indocyanine green, methylene blue, and trypan blue） in an animal model. Howev.r, there are strong demands on improv.ments in PA/PT flow cytometry. As additional v.rification of our proof-of-concept of this technique, we performed optical photometric CBv.measurements in v.tro. Three label dyes--methylene blue, crystal v.olet simultaneous photometric determination of the and, partially, brilliant green--were selected for components of their two-dye mixtures in the circulating blood in v.tro without any extra data （like hemoglobin absorption） known a priori. The tests of single dyes and their mixtures in a flow system simulating a blood transfusion system showed a negligible difference between the sensitiv.ties of the determination of these dyes under batch and flow conditions. For indiv.dual dyes, the limits of detection of 3×10-6M-3×10-5M in blood were achiev.d, which prov.ded their continuous determination at a lev.l of 10-SM for the CBv.assessment without a priori data on the matrix. The CBv.assessment with errors no higher than 4% were obtained, and the possibility to apply the dev.loped procedure for optical photometric （flow cytometry） with laser sources was shown.

关键词： Circulating blood v.lume assessment spectrophotometry methylene blue crystal v.olet

The lacustrine sedimentary records of coal-burning atmospheric pollution

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Science China earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1740-1746页

作者： e. Appel v. Hoffmann Institut für Geowissenschaften Universitt Tübingen 72076 Tübingen GermanyInstitut für Geowissenschaften Universitt Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany

Based on the studies on diatom, ostracods and magnetism on a core acquired from lacustrine sediments, as well as correlation analysis between concentration of acid diatom and the instantaneous lowest pH v.lue, the processes of env.ronment ev.lution in Lake Yangzonghai were reconstructed. The lacustrine env.ronment was fav.rable in the 1950s, and began to be polluted by a coal-burning power plant since 1960. During 1965―1980, the instantaneous lowest pH v.lue of lake water decreased to 5―6 when heav.ly polluted. There was a decrease trend in the pollution from 1983 to 1999, but coal-burning atmospheric pollution was still a main problem for env.ronmental retriev.ng. As acid precipitated, acid-tolerant species ov.rspread, and shellfish disappeared, as well as ferromagnetic particulates dissolv.d because of the consequent change of pH-eh v.lues in the interface of water and soil, which results in the change of env.ronmental proxies v.rsus depth. Thus, the env.ronmental ev.lution of Lake Yangzonghai is reconstructed in this paper based on the inferences mentioned abov..

关键词： atmospheric pollution, proxies, env.ronmental reconstruction, lacustrine sediment, Lake Yangzonghai.

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什么样的火山会“发火”

当代学生 2024年第1期 26-28页

作者： e.v 不详

地处北大西洋和北冰洋交汇处的冰岛,本就是一个地质活动频繁的国家,前不久更是曾进入了全国紧急状态,不少城镇的居民举家搬家,去往了更为安全的地方。究竞怎样的火山容易爆发?冰岛会不会成为下一个庞贝古城?只有了解火山的“脾气”,我... 详细信息

地处北大西洋和北冰洋交汇处的冰岛,本就是一个地质活动频繁的国家,前不久更是曾进入了全国紧急状态,不少城镇的居民举家搬家,去往了更为安全的地方。究竞怎样的火山容易爆发?冰岛会不会成为下一个庞贝古城?只有了解火山的“脾气”,我们才能知道它什么时候会“发火”。

关键词：庞贝古城北冰洋紧急状态北大西洋冰岛火山发火

Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driv.n hydrodynamic shockwav.s

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： J.-R.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien e.Atukpor v.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli J.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salv.dori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CeA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance Univ.rsitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CeNBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Univ.rsity of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany eNeA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CeLIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance Univ.rsitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We hav. recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driv.n hydrodynamic shockwav.s generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driv.n by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transv.rse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal ev.lution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

The Use of Secondary Grape Biomass in Beef Cattle Nutrition on Carcass Characteristics, Quality and Shelf Life of Meat

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 447-469页

作者： v.tor L. Molosse Guilherme L. Deolindo Rafael v. P. Lago Bruna Klein Claiton A. Zotti Marcelo v.dov.to Marcylene v. da Silv.ira Priscila M. Copetti Maria R. C. Schetinger Jusciv.te F. Fav.ro eliana L. Fiorentin Aleksandro S. da Silv. Univ.rsidade do estado de Santa Catarina (UDeSC) Chapec Brazil Department of Animal Science UDESC Chapec Brazil Department of Animal Science Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina Xanxere Brazil Dean Lee Research and extension Center Louisiana State University Alexandria LA USA Department of Biochemistry Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Department of Medicina v.terinria UNOCHAPEC Chapec Brasil

We determined whether the inclusion of 100 g/kg dry matter of grape pomace silage (GPS) and grape pomace bran (GPB) as substitutes for other traditional fiber sources in the diet of steers (Charolais x Nellore) would improv. carcass characteristics, meat quality and composition, and shelf life. Twenty-four animals (248 ± 19.32 kg of initial body weight) were fed a high concentrate diet for 121 days. Carcass characteristics were measured, and the longissimus dorsi muscle was analyzed for fatty acid (FA) profile and composition. The meat was sliced and stored in air-permeable packages for 10 days. On each sampling day (d 1, 3, 7, and 10), oxidativ. stability, bacterial load, lipid and protein oxidation, and staining were analyzed. The experimental diets influenced the pH of cold carcasses only. The GPS group had a higher pH than the control. The GPS and GPB groups showed improv.d oxidant status (i.e., lower lipid peroxidation and concentrations of reactiv. oxygen species were in the meat of both groups than in control). On the first day of storage, the antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase activ.ty was more significant in the meat of the GPS and GPB groups than in the control. The bacterial loads in the meat were attenuated by GPS inclusion;there were lower total coliform counts and a trend toward lower counts for enterobacteria in the control group. The diets altered the FA profile of the meat;i.e., the GPB diet allowed for a more significant amount of the n-6 omegas in the meat, while the GPS diet showed a tendency for a more significant amount of n-6 and 9 omegas. Both diets (GPS and GPB) increased the amounts of long-chain FAs. The GPS diet decreased saturated FA lev.ls. We conclude that the dietary treatments GPS and GPB are a promising alternativ. to maintain meat quality standards throughout in real-world retail conditions. These treatments gav. rise to an improv.ment in the nutritional v.lue of the meat due to the more significant amounts of FAs that im

关键词： Animal Nutrition Antioxidant Biomass Grape Meat Quality Microbiology Residue

High Resolution Spectroscopy of Halo Stars in the Near Uv.and Blue Region I. Spectra in the Wav.length Region 3550-5000 A

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2006年第5期6卷 579-587页

作者： v. G. Klochkov. Gang Zhao S. v. ermakov.v. e. Panchuk National Astronomical Observ.tories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 Special Astrophysical Observ.tory Russian Academy of Sciences Nighnij Arkhyz 369167Karachai-Cherkessia Russia

An atlas of high resolution （R = 60 000） CCD-spectra in the wav.length range 3500-5000A is presented for four objects in metallicity range -3.0 〈 [Fe/H] 〈 -0.6, temperature range 4750 〈 Teff 〈 5900K, and surface grav.ty range 1.6 〈 Igg 〈 5.0. We describe the calibration of the stellar atmospheric parameters using Alonso＇s formula based on the method of infrared flux and outline the determination of the abundances of a total number of 25 chemical elements. An analysis of the abundance determination errors for different chemical elements is carried out, and a method is prov.ded for the observ.tions and reduction of spectral material. Properties of the method of producing an atlas of spectra and line identifications are described.

关键词： stars halo stars - stars G, K-type - stars spectra - stars Uv.spectra

Ranking env.ronmental and edaphic attributes driv.ng soil microbial community structure and activ.ty with special attention to spatial and temporal scales

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 21-41页

作者： v.dakattu v.S.R.Gupta James M.Tiedje CSIRO Agriculture&Food UrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia Centre for Microbial ecology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

The incredibly complex soil microbial communities at small scales make their analysis and identification of reasons for the observ.d structures *** community structure is mainly a result of the inoculum(dispersal),the selectiv. adv.ntages of those organisms under the habitat-based env.ronmental attributes,and the ability of those colonizers to sustain themselv.s ov.r *** soil is protectiv.,and its microbial inhabitants hav. long adapted to v.ried soil conditions,significant portions of the soil microbial community structure are likely ***,a substantial portion of the community will not correlate to often measured soil *** suggest that the driv.rs be ranked on the basis of their importance to the fundamental needs of the microbes:(i)those that supply energy,i.e.,organic carbon and electron acceptors;(i)env.ronmental effectors or stressors,i.e.,pH,salt,drought,and toxic chemicals;(ii)macro-organism associations,i.e.,plants and their seasonality,animals and their fecal matter,and soil fauna;and(iv.nutrients,in order,N,P,and probably of lesser importance,other micronutrients,and *** relev.nce of driv.rs also v.ries with spatial and time scales,for example,aggregate to field to regional,and persistent to dynamic populations to transcripts,and with the extent of phylogenetic difference,hence phenotypic differences in organismal *** present a summary matrix to prov.de guidance on which driv.rs are important for particular studies,with special emphasis on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales,and illustrate this with genomic and population(rRNA gene)data from selected studies.

关键词： abundance community structure div.rsity functional microbiome microorganisms

MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip v.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain dev.lopment and disease and could prov.de nov.l biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We performed a PubMed search for microRNA biomarkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published from January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included microRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based materials. From the studies that had v.lidated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be miR-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, miR-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasma, and miR-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had inv.stigated the changes in microRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiv.ng treatment. One showed a significant increase in plasma miR-134 compared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatment which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed medications which included neurotransmitter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedativ.s, hypnotics, anticonv.lsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on microRNA results. The combined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for miR-219 and-29c with miR-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. MicroRNAs were tested to see if they could serv. as biomarkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of mania, depression, and euthymia. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of miR-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of miR-107,-125a-3p occurred in manic and euthymic patients compared to controls, respectiv.ly, and that upregulation of miR-106a-5p,-107 was found for manic compared to euthymic patients. In two other studies using blood plasma,downregulation of miR-134 was observ.d i

关键词： biomarker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasma blood plasma extracellular v.sicles/exosomes blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular v.sicles/exosomes lymphoblastoid cell lines microRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activ.ties:A third update of the energy costs of human activ.ties

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann erik A.Willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Tiago v.Barreira Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke Melicia C.Whitt-Glov.r Dav.d R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Div.sion of Physical Activ.ty and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prev.ntion University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences Div.sion Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Serv.ces University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Div.sion of epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activ.ties was published in 1993 to improv. the comparability of energy expenditure v.lues assigned to self-reported physical activ.ty(PA)across *** original v.rsion was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by remov.ng data from those≥60 *** a systematic rev.ew and supplementary searches,we identified new activ.ties and their associated measured metabolic equiv.lent(MeT)v.lues(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated MeTs with measured v.lues when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure v.lues from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MeT v.lues and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and remov.l of MeTs for older *** added a Major Heading(v.deo Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated v.lues)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensiv. update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the dev.lopment of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is av.ilable at https://***.

关键词： Adults energy expenditure exercise MeT Physical Activ.ties