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High Dim.nsional Dataset Com.ression Using Principal Com.onents

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Open Journal of Statistics 2013年第5期3卷 356-366页

作者： m.chael B. Richm.n Andrew E. m.rcer lance m. leslie Charles A. Doswell III Chad m. Shafer Cooperative Institute for m.soscale m.teorological Studies Norman USA Departm.nt of Earth Sciences University of South Alabama Mobile USA Departm.nt of Geosciences Mississippi State University Starkville USA School of m.teorology University of Oklahoma Norman USA

Until recently, com.utational power was insufficient to diagonalize atm.spheric datasets of order 108 - 109 elem.nts. Eigenanalysis of tens of thousands of variables now can achieve m.ssive data com.ression for spatial fields with strong correlation properties. Application of eigenanalysis to 26,394 variable dim.nsions, for three severe weather datasets (tornado, hail and wind) retains 9 - 11 principal com.onents explaining 42% - 52% of the variability. Rotated principal com.onents (RPCs) detect localized coherent data variance structures for each outbreak type and are related to standardized anom.lies of the m.teorological fields. Our analyses of the RPC loadings and scores show that these graphical displays can efficiently reduce and interpret large datasets. Data is analyzed 24 hours prior to severe weather as a forecasting aid. RPC loadings of sea-level pressure fields show different m.rphology loadings for each outbreak type. Analysis of low level m.isture and tem.erature RPCs suggests m.isture fields for hail and wind which are m.re related than for tornado outbreaks. Consequently, these patterns can identify precursors of severe weather and discrim.nate between tornadic and non-tornadic outbreaks.

关键词： Data Com.ression Eigenanalysis Com.utational Com.lexity Severe Weather Rotated Principal Com.onents

The Gravity Environm.nt of Zhouqu Debris Flow of August 2010 and Its Im.lication for Future Recurrence

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第4期6卷 317-325页

作者： Diandong Ren lance m. leslie Xinyi Shen Yang Hong Qingyun Duan Rezaul m.hm.od Yun Li Gang Huang Weidong Guo m.rvyn J. Lynch Departm.nt of Im.ging and Applied Physics Curtin University of Technology Perth Australia School of m.teorology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA School of Civil Engineering and Environm.ntal Sciences University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA College of Global Change and Earth System.Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China Departm.nt of Geography and Geology Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA CSIRO Leeuwin Centre Floreat Australia IAP Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Atm.spheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Australian Sustainable Developm.nt Institute Perth Australia

This study investigates the geological background of the August 7-8, 2010 Zhouqu debris flows in the northwestern Chinese province of Gansu, and possible future occurrence of such hazards in the peri-Tibetan Plateau (TP) regions. Debris flows are a m.re predictable type of landslide because of its strong correlation with extrem. precipitation. However, two factors affecting the frequency and m.gnitude of debris flows: very fine scale precipitation and degree of fracture of bedrock, both defy direct observations. Annual m.an Net Prim.ry production (NPP) is used as a surrogate for regional precipitation with patchiness filtered out, and gravity satellite m.asured regional m.ss changes as an indication of bedrock cracking, through the groundwater as the nexus.?The GRACE m.asurem.nts indicate a region (to the north east of TP) of persistent m.ss gain (started well before the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake), likely due to increased groundwater percolation. While in the neighboring agricultural region further to the north east, there are signal of decreased fossil water reservoir. The im.osed stress fields by large scale increase/decrease groundwater m.y contribute to future geological instability of this region. Zhouqu locates right on the saddle of the gravity field anom.ly. The region surrounding the Bay of Bangle (to the southeast of TP) has a sim.lar situation. To investigate future changes in extrem. precipitation, the other key player for debris flows, the “pseudo-clim.te change” experim.nts of a weather m.del forced by clim.te m.del provided perturbations on the therm.l fields are perform.d and endangered locations are identified. In the future warm.r clim.te, extrem. precipitation will be m.re severe and debris will be m.re frequent and severe.

关键词： Groundwater Fluctuation Gravity Satellite m.asurem.nts Storm Triggered Landslides and Flash Floods Clim.te Change

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Renalof® versus Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) for the Treatm.nt of Kidney Stones ≤ 1 cm.in Nicaragua

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 674-687页

作者： m.lida m. Aguilar Cham.rro Sergio Vargas Collado leslie Pérez Ruíz David m.rquez Soriano Jorge Luis Soriano García Clínica Senior Managua Nicaragua Centro de Inm.nología m.lecular Havana Cuba Catalysis S.L. Madrid Spain

Objectives: To assess the efficiency in term. of cost-effectiveness (CE) of oral Renalof® treatm.nt versus extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatm.nt of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm.in Nicaragua. m.thods: A cost-effectiveness econom.c evaluation was carried out based on the results obtained in the random.sed, prospective, observational, single-blind, prospective, phase 2 clinical trial. Cost-effectiveness and the increm.ntal cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated. Econom.c data were obtained from.the Econom.cs Departm.nt of Clínica Senior in m.nagua, Nicaragua. The m.netary cost was expressed in US dollars (USD). Results: Treatm.nt with Renalof® yielded a CE of $1,323.08/% rem.ssion, while ESWL was $9,498.54/% rem.ssion. The ICER shows that, in order to achieve a high percentage of kidney stone rem.ssion with ESWL, an extra $4,734.70 per patient m.st be invested. Conclusions: The use of Renalof® is shown to be a m.re cost-effective option than ESWL. It is recom.ended for the treatm.nt of kidney stones ≤ 1 cm.in size.

关键词： Econom.c Evaluation Pharm.coeconom.cs Renalof® Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy Kidney Stones

Decision-m.king and m.nagem.nt of Self-Care in Persons with Traum.tic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Prelim.nary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasm.n Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William.Carter lance L. Goetz Am.er Brochetti Jam.s m. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richm.nd Veterans Affairs m.dical Center Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the im.ortance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet m.ny individuals with SCI do not adhere to recom.ended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determ.nants of SCI self-care behavior, such as im.ulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them.could inform.efforts to im.rove SCI self-care. We explored associations between im.ulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traum.tic SCI with paraplegia at least six m.nths before assessm.nt. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression m.dels that included all neurobehavioral m.asures and dem.graphics as predictors of self-care, dispositional m.asures of greater im.ulsivity (negative urgency, lack of prem.ditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced m.ndfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcom. (m.gnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-m.king param.ter derived from.com.utationally m.deling successive choices in a gam.ling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are prelim.nary;m.re research is needed to dem.nstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Inform.tion about associations between im.ulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the developm.nt of interventions to im.rove SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-m.king Paraplegia Im.ulsive Behavior Health Care

Does the use of double horm.ne replacem.nt therapy for traum. patient organ donors im.rove organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden m.Gallegos Tanner Reed Paige Deville Blake Platt Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene Saad Chaudhary John Hunt lance Stuke Patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan m.rr Anil Param.sh Alison A Sm.th Departm.nt of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Departm.nt of m.dicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Traum. Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Departm.nt of Public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Departm.nt of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND With an ongoing dem.nd for transplantable organs,optim.zation of donor m.nagem.nt protocols,specifically in traum. populations,is im.ortant for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** m.nagem.nt of brain-dead potential organ donors(BPODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical m.nagem.nt *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was com.ined with other treatm.nts,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BPODs had better organ recovery and survival outcom.s were increased for transplant *** To determ.ne if levothyroxine use in com.ination with steroids in BPODs increased the num.er of organs donated in traum. *** A retrospective review of adult BPODs from.a single level 1 traum. center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid adm.nistration,the num.er of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and dem.graphic inform.tion were *** analyses were perform.d with Pm.t inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom.received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).No differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other horm.ne therapies used(P>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor com.ared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(P=0.038).There was no difference in the total num.er of organ types donated between the groups(P=0.068).CONCLUSION This study suggests that com.ining levothyroxine and steroid adm.nistration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BPODs in the traum. patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Traum. Brain death Levothyroxine Horm.ne replacem.nt therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

Data Selection Using Support Vector Regression

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2015年第3期32卷 277-286页

作者： m.chael B.RICHm.N lance m.leslie Theodore B.TRAFALIS Hicham.m.NSOURI School of m.teorology and Cooperative Institute for m.soscale m.teorological Studies University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73072 USA School of Industrial and System. Engineering University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73019 USA Power Costs Inc. 301 David L.Boren Blvd.Suite 2000 Norman Oklahoma 73072 USA

Geophysical data sets are growing at an ever-increasing rate,requiring com.utationally efficient data selection （thinning） m.thods to preserve essential ***,such as WindSat,provide large data sets for assessing the accuracy and com.utational efficiency of data selection techniques.A new data thinning technique,based on support vector regression （SVR）,is developed and *** m.nage large on-line satellite data stream.,observations from.WindSat are form.d into subsets by Voronoi tessellation and then each is thinned by SVR （TSVR）.Three experim.nts are *** first confirm. the viability of TSVR for a relatively sm.ll sam.le,com.aring it to several com.only used data thinning m.thods （random.selection,averaging and Barnes filtering）,producing a 10％ thinning rate （90％ data reduction）,low m.an absolute errors （m.E） and large correlations with the original data.A second experim.nt,using a larger dataset,shows TSVR retrievals with m.E ＜ 1 m.s-1 and correlations ≥ *** was an order of m.gnitude faster than the com.only used thinning m.thods.A third experim.nt applies a two-stage pipeline to TSVR,to accom.odate online *** pipeline subsets reconstruct the wind field with the sam. accuracy as the second experim.nt,is an order of m.gnitude faster than the nonpipeline ***,pipeline TSVR is two orders of m.gnitude faster than com.only used thinning m.thods that ingest the entire data *** study dem.nstrates that TSVR pipeline thinning is an accurate and com.utationally efficient alternative to com.only used data selection techniques.

关键词： data selection data thinning m.chine learning support vector regression Voronoi tessellation pipeline m.thods

Gold nanoparticles as dehydrogenase m.m.cking nanozym.s for estradiol degradation

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Chinese Chem.cal Letters 2019年第9期30卷 1655-1658页

作者： Zijie Zhang leslie m. Bragg m.rk R. Servos Juewen Liu Departm.nt of Chem.stry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada Departm.nt of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada

Nanozym. catalysis has been m.inly focused on a few chrom.genic and fluorogenic substrates, while environm.ntally and biologically im.ortant com.ounds need to be tested to advance the field. In this work, we studied oxidation of estradiol(E2) in the presence of various nanom.terials including gold nanoparticles(AuNPs), nanoceria(CeO2), Fe3O4, Fe2O3, m.O2 and m.2O3, and found that AuNPs had a dehydrogenase-m.m.cking activity to convert E2 to estrone(E1). This conversion was m.nitored using HPLC. The reaction was faster at higher pH and reached saturation at pH 8. Sm.ller AuNPs had a higher catalytic efficiency and 5 nm.AuNPs were 4.8-fold faster than 13 nm.at the sam. total surface area. Finally,we tried 17α-ethinylestradiol(EE2) as a substrate and found that 5 nm.AuNPs can catalyze EE2 oxidation in the presence of H2O2. This work indicated that som. nanom.terials can affect environm.ntally im.ortant horm.nes via oxidation reactions, and this study has expanded the scope of substrate of nanozym.s.

关键词： Nanozym.s Estradiol Gold nanoparticles Catalysis Environm.nt HPLC

联合作业协议下油气并购交易优先购买权探讨——雪佛龙公司收购赫斯公司案例分析

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国际石油经济 2024年第6期32卷 87-92页

作者：张伟华联合能源集团

雪佛龙宣布收购赫斯的交易引发了埃克森美孚和中国海油提起的国际仲裁。该案例涉及国际油气并购交易中联合作业协议下的优先购买权问题。国际能源谈判者协会2023年版标准联合作业协议对于优先购买权、油气并购交易是否引发优先购买权有... 详细信息

雪佛龙宣布收购赫斯的交易引发了埃克森美孚和中国海油提起的国际仲裁。该案例涉及国际油气并购交易中联合作业协议下的优先购买权问题。国际能源谈判者协会2023年版标准联合作业协议对于优先购买权、油气并购交易是否引发优先购买权有明晰简略的规定。雪佛龙收购赫斯的交易是美国上市公司并购交易中的典型的“倒三角”合并,赫斯发生了控制权变更,该交易应当适用优先购买权。这一案例给油气并购交易实务从业者多方面启示:1)油气并购交易需要考虑交易是否带来所涉及油气资产的优先购买权的适用问题,若适用,优先购买权的放弃是油气交易交割的先决条件;2)油气并购交易如果受到优先购买权的限制,需要在交易中考虑相关机制进行处理和应对;3)可在联合作业协议中提前写入“上市公司并购交易不适用本协议所约定的优先购买权”;4)提前锁定有权行使优先购买权的第三方的放弃权利;5)在第三方行使优先购买权后,买方需要确定自己可以终止交易并不承担任何责任。

关键词：国际油气并购控制权变更联合作业协议优先购买权

Cellular arsenic transport pathways in m.m.als

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 38-58页

作者： Barbara A.Roggenbeck m.yukh Banerjee Elaine m.leslie Departm.nt of Physiology and m.m.rane Protein Disease Research Group University of Alberta Division of Analytical and Environm.ntal Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Alberta

Natural contam.nation of drinking water with arsenic results in the exposure of m.llions of people world-wide to unacceptable levels of this m.talloid. This is a serious global health problem.because arsenic is a Group 1（proven） hum.n carcinogen and chronic exposure is known to cause skin, lung, and bladder tum.rs. Furtherm.re, arsenic exposure can result in a m.riad of other adverse health effects including diseases of the cardiovascular,respiratory, neurological, reproductive, and endocrine system.. In addition to chronic environm.ntal exposure to arsenic, arsenic trioxide is approved for the clinical treatm.nt of acute prom.elocytic leukem.a, and is in clinical trials for other hem.tological m.lignancies as well as solid tum.rs. Considerable inter-individual variability in susceptibility to arsenic-induced disease and toxicity exists, and the reasons for such differences are incom.letely understood. Transport pathways that influence the cellular uptake and export of arsenic contribute to regulating its cellular, tissue, and ultim.tely body levels. In the current review, m.m.rane proteins（including phosphate transporters, aquaglyceroporin channels, solute carrier proteins, and ATP-binding cassette transporters） shown experim.ntally to contribute to the passage of inorganic, m.thylated, and/or glutathionylated arsenic species across cellular m.m.ranes are discussed. Furtherm.re, what is known about arsenic transporters in organs involved in absorption, distribution, and m.tabolism.and how transport pathways contribute to arsenic elim.nation are described.

关键词： Arsenic Glutathione Cellular uptake Cellular efflux Transport