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曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)精子表面蛋白17(Sp17)基因克隆以及组织表达特异性分析

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海洋与湖沼 2017年第5期48卷 1044-1051页

作者：周林李颖吕振明史会来吴常文迟长凤浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心海洋生物种质发掘与利用国家地方联合实验室舟山316022 浙江省海洋水产研究所舟山316021

精子表面蛋白17(Sp17)是参与受精过程的关键分子。本研究采用RT-PCR以及RACE技术克隆得到了曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)Sp17简称Sj-Sp17 c DNA的全长序列,序列全长1463bp,5′和3′非编码区分别为92bp和222bp,预测的开放阅读框(ORF... 详细信息

精子表面蛋白17(Sp17)是参与受精过程的关键分子。本研究采用RT-PCR以及RACE技术克隆得到了曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)Sp17简称Sj-Sp17 c DNA的全长序列,序列全长1463bp,5′和3′非编码区分别为92bp和222bp,预测的开放阅读框(ORF)全长1149bp。编码的蛋白理论分子量为42.0548k Da,等电点4.66,是一种亲水性蛋白,不存在跨膜区以及信号肽序列,含有丰富的螺旋结构(54%)。同源氨基酸序列比对发现,与其他软体动物的相似性最高仅为44%,表明Sp17在进化中并不保守。基于Sp17氨基酸序列构建的系统进化分析表明,曼氏无针乌贼和加州双斑蛸(Octopus bimaculoides)进化关系最近。组织特异性分析发现Sp17在曼氏无针乌贼的生殖系统中均有较高的表达量,其中在精巢和储精囊中有显著表达。Sp17基因的成功克隆以及组织表达特异性分析对于深入研究其细胞定位以及生物学功能具有重要意义。

关键词：曼氏无针乌贼 Sp17 cDNA 生物信息学 real-time PCR

Optimizing Fine-Tuning in Quantized Language Models:An In-Depth Analysis of Key Variables

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 307-325页

作者： Ao Shen Zhiquan lai Dongsheng Li Xiaoyu Hu National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China Strategic Assessments and Consultation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing100091China

Large-scale Language Models(LLMs)have achieved significant breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing(NLP),driven by the pre-training and fine-tuning *** this approach allows models to specialize in specific tasks with reduced training costs,the substantial memory requirements during fine-tuning present a barrier to broader ***-Efficient Fine-Tuning(PEFT)techniques,such as Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA),and parameter quantization methods have emerged as solutions to address these challenges by optimizing memory usage and computational *** these,QLoRA,which combines PEFT and quantization,has demonstrated notable success in reducing memory footprints during fine-tuning,prompting the development of various QLoRA *** these advancements,the quantitative impact of key variables on the fine-tuning performance of quantized LLMs remains *** study presents a comprehensive analysis of these key variables,focusing on their influence across different layer types and depths within LLM *** investigation uncovers several critical findings:(1)Larger layers,such as MLP layers,can maintain performance despite reductions in adapter rank,while smaller layers,like self-attention layers,aremore sensitive to such changes;(2)The effectiveness of balancing factors depends more on specific values rather than layer type or depth;(3)In quantization-aware fine-tuning,larger layers can effectively utilize smaller adapters,whereas smaller layers struggle to do *** insights suggest that layer type is a more significant determinant of fine-tuning success than layer depth when optimizing quantized ***,for the same discount of trainable parameters,reducing the trainable parameters in a larger layer is more effective in preserving fine-tuning accuracy than in a smaller *** study provides valuable guidance for more efficient fine-tuning strategies and opens avenues for further research into optimizing LLM

关键词： Large-scale Language Model Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning parameter quantization key variable trainable parameters experimental analysis

Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi lai Hua-Ping Wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

Enhancing Deepfake Detection:Proactive Forensics Techniques Using Digital Watermarking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 73-102页

作者： Zhimao lai Saad Arif Cong Feng Guangjun Liao Chuntao Wang School of Automation Guangdong University and TechnologyGuangzhou510006China School of Immigration Administration(Guangzhou) China People’s Police UniversityGuangzhou510663China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Cyber Police Division Guangzhou Public Security BureauGuangzhou510030China School of Forensic Science and Technology Guangdong Police CollegeGuangzhou510320China College of Mathematics and Informatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

With the rapid advancement of visual generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)and stable Diffusion,the creation of highly realistic Deepfake through automated forgery has significantly *** paper examines the advancements inDeepfake detection and defense technologies,emphasizing the shift from passive detection methods to proactive digital watermarking *** detection methods,which involve extracting features from images or videos to identify forgeries,encounter challenges such as poor performance against unknown manipulation techniques and susceptibility to counter-forensic *** contrast,proactive digital watermarking techniques embed specificmarkers into images or videos,facilitating real-time detection and traceability,thereby providing a preemptive defense againstDeepfake *** offer a comprehensive analysis of digitalwatermarking-based forensic techniques,discussing their advantages over passivemethods and highlighting four key benefits:real-time detection,embedded defense,resistance to tampering,and provision of legal ***,the paper identifies gaps in the literature concerning proactive forensic techniques and suggests future research directions,including cross-domain watermarking and adaptive watermarking *** systematically classifying and comparing existing techniques,this review aims to contribute valuable insights for the development of more effective proactive defense strategies in Deepfake forensics.

关键词： Deepfake proactive forensics digital watermarking traceability detection techniques

Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 917-935页

作者： Dian Jiao lai Xu Zhen Gu Hua Yan Dingding Shen Xiaosong Gu Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological *** regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of *** pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota *** results are lacking for conventional treatments for *** resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with ***-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of *** also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current *** studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic ***,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being ***,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

关键词： diagnosis drug treatment electroencephalography epilepsy monitoring epilepsy nerve regeneration neurostimulation non-drug interventions pathogenesis prediction

Based on non-targeted metabolomics for differential components screening of Rosae chinensis Flos and Rosae Rugosae Flos and their quality evaluation

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 1-15页

作者： Xu Liang Ni-Hui Zhang Zhi-lai Zhan Guang-Lu Chang Yan Gao Xia Li wen-Yuan Gao School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Faculty of MedicineTianjin UniversityTianjin 300193China State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Key Laboratory of Modern chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises Tianjin 300402China

Background:Rosa chinensis *** Rosa rugosa *** not only of ornamental value,but also edible flowers and the flower buds have been listed in the chinese Pharmacopoeia as traditional *** two plants have some differences in efficacy,but the flower buds are easily confused for similar *** addition,large-scale cultivation of ornamental rose flowers may lead to a decrease in the effective components of medicinal ***,it is necessary to study the chemical composition and make quality evaluation of Rosae chinensis Flos(Yueji)and Rosae Rugosae Flos(Meigui).Methods:In this study,40 batches of samples including Meigui and Yueji from different regions in china were collected to establish high-performance liquid chromatography ***,the fingerprints data was analyzed using principal component analysis,hierarchical cluster analysis,and partial least squares discriminant analysis analysis chemometrics to obtain information on intergroup differences,and non-targeted metabolomic techniques were applied to identify and compare chemical compositions of samples which were chosen from groups with large *** compounds were screened by orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis and S-plot,and finally multi-component quantification was performed to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Yueji and ***:The similarity between the fingerprints of 40 batches roses and the reference print R was 0.73 to 0.93,indicating that there were similarities and differences between the *** principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of fingerprints data,the samples from different origins and varieties were intuitively divided into four *** least-squares discriminant analysis analysis showed that Meigui and Yueji cluster into two categories and the model was reliable.A total of 89 compounds were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry,mainly were flavonoids and flavon

关键词： Rosa chinensis Jacq. Rosa rugosa Thunb. metabolomics chemometrics multiple component quantification quality evaluation

Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 763-778页

作者： Minghuang Gao Xinyue Wang Shijie Su Weicheng Feng Yaona lai Kongli Huang Dandan Cao Qi Wang Science and Technology Innovation Center Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.

关键词： central nervous system meningeal lymphatic vessels immunity myeloid cells lymphatic cells neurodegenerative disease

Establishment of human cerebral organoid systems to model early neural development and assess the central neurotoxicity of environmental toxins

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 242-252页

作者： Daiyu Hu Yuanqing Cao Chenglin Cai Guangming Wang Min Zhou Luying Peng Yantao Fan Qiong lai Zhengliang Gao Fundamental Research Center Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)Shanghai University School of MedicineNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair Shanghai University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant *** address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and *** enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid *** involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid *** cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology *** a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental *** organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature *** exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic *** convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.

关键词： cadmium cell death cell proliferation cortical development environmental toxins neural progenitor cells neurogenesis neurotoxicology organoids stem cells

Nanozyme-mediated elemental biogeochemical cycling and environmental effects

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Science china Earth Sciences 2021年第7期64卷 1015-1025页

作者： Zhi-lai chi Guang-Hui YU Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimBohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research StationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Resources&Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

In Earth systems,thousands of terragrams(Tg)(1 Tg=10^(12) g)of mineral nanoparticles move around *** mineral nanoparticles have exhibited unexpected intrinsic enzyme-like characteristics(so called“mineral nanozymes”),and are ubiquitously distributed in natural ecosystems such as the atmosphere,oceans,waters,and *** with natural enzymes,these mineral nanozymes have several advantages such as tunable catalytic efficiency and robustness to harsh conditions,e.g.,heat,acid,and alkaline *** mineral nanozymes are new products of multidisciplinary cross-cutting,they have been widely applied in various *** review,for the first time,systematically introduces the species and properties of mineral nanozymes in Earth systems,discusses the critical roles played by nanozymes in environmental biogeochemical cycles,compiles the interfacial processes and mechanisms of mineral nanozymes,and provides an overview of the future prospects of mineral nanozymes.

关键词： Nanozymes Peroxidase Nanominerals Reactive oxygen species Biogeochemical cycles